Surface plasmons on smooth surfaces

Author(s):  
Heinz Raether

Author(s):  
L. Andrew Staehelin

Freeze-etched membranes usually appear as relatively smooth surfaces covered with numerous small particles and a few small holes (Fig. 1). In 1966 Branton (1“) suggested that these surfaces represent split inner mem¬brane faces and not true external membrane surfaces. His theory has now gained wide acceptance partly due to new information obtained from double replicas of freeze-cleaved specimens (2,3) and from freeze-etch experi¬ments with surface labeled membranes (4). While theses studies have fur¬ther substantiated the basic idea of membrane splitting and have shown clearly which membrane faces are complementary to each other, they have left the question open, why the replicated membrane faces usually exhibit con¬siderably fewer holes than particles. According to Branton's theory the number of holes should on the average equal the number of particles. The absence of these holes can be explained in either of two ways: a) it is possible that no holes are formed during the cleaving process e.g. due to plastic deformation (5); b) holes may arise during the cleaving process but remain undetected because of inadequate replication and microscope techniques.



Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamini Bundell
Keyword(s):  


1970 ◽  
Vol 31 (C1) ◽  
pp. C1-59-C1-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. RAETHER


1973 ◽  
Vol 34 (C6) ◽  
pp. C6-95-C6-95
Author(s):  
T. A. CALLCOTT ◽  
E. T. ARAKAWA
Keyword(s):  


1984 ◽  
Vol 45 (C5) ◽  
pp. C5-233-C5-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. I. Stegeman ◽  
A. A. Maradudin ◽  
R. F. Wallis
Keyword(s):  


2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkateswara Bommisetty ◽  
Rojan L. Karmacharya ◽  
Suravi Shrestha ◽  
David Galipeau


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
WANG Hao-bing ◽  
◽  
TAO Jin ◽  
LV Jin-guang ◽  
MENG De-jia ◽  
...  


Author(s):  
Jean Lee Cole

When realists engage in comedy, they are hardly ever funny. Their comic efforts strike the reader as clumsy intrusions into a world that is otherwise governed by natural or societal forces. Yet the comic mode, and an aspect of the comic that could be called the comic sensibility, can be contextualized within and against realism. Liminal and transgressive, the comic sensibility solved some of the representative conundrums of realism, disrupting its smooth surfaces and thumbing its nose at determinism. The comic sensibility depended heavily on caricature—specifically, ethnic caricature—and while ethnic caricature usually denigrated its subjects, in notable cases, as in the work of Charles Chesnutt, Stephen Crane, Bruno Lessing (Rudolph Block), vaudeville comedians, and comic-strip artists, the comic sensibility provided openings for ethnic and racial minorities to make meaning, form a collective identity, and foster solidarity.



2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Jung ◽  
Ole Keller
Keyword(s):  


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