Prediction of single-cross hybrid performance in maize using haplotype blocks associated with QTL for grain yield

Grain yield potential of new maize hybrid varieties across target environments contributes to the uptake of these varieties by farmers. Evaluation of single-cross hybrids developed from test crossing introgressed inbred lines bred for three distinct environments to elite tropical inbred line testers was carried out. The study’s objective was to assess grain yield stability and genotype adaptability of the single-cross hybrids across South African environments relative to adapted commercial hybrid checks. One hundred and twenty-two introgressed inbred lines developed using the pedigree breeding program were crossed to four tropical elite inbred line testers using line × tester mating design to obtain 488 experimental single cross hybrids. Subject to availability of adequate seed for evaluation, a panel of 444 experimental single-cross hybrids was evaluated using an augmented design in two experiments defined as Population A and B for the study’s convenience in South African environments. Data for grain yield (t/ha) performance for experimental single-cross hybrids and commercial check hybrids in Population A and B across environments and individual environments identified experimental single-cross hybrids that had significant comparable grain yield (t/ha) performance relative to best commercial check hybrid (PAN6Q445B) on the market. The selected experimental single-cross hybrids 225, 89, 246 and 43 (Population A) and 112 (Population B) also had a better average rank position for grain yield (t/ha) relative to best commercial check hybrid. These selected experimental single-cross hybrids had a grain yield (t/ha) advantage range of 0.9-6.7% for Population A and 7.3% for Population A and B, respectively, relative to the adapted commercial check hybrid. GGE biplot patterns for which won-where for Population A indicated that at Potchefstroom Research Station and Ukulinga Research Station experimental single-cross hybrids 127 and135 were the vertex (winning) hybrids. Cedera Research Station did not have a vertex hybrid for Population A. For Population B, experimental single-cross hybrids 112, 117 and 18 were the vertex hybrids at Cedera Research Station, Ukulinga Research Station and Potchefstroom Research Station, respectively. Experimental single-cross hybrid 257 was identified as ideal genotype for Population A, while experimental single-cross hybrid 121 in Population B was the ideal genotype. Ideal environments were also identified as Ukulinga Research Station for Population A, and Cedera Research Station for Population B. Average-environment coordination (AEC) view of the GGE biplot in Population A indicated that experimental single-cross hybrids 1 was highly stable across environments. In comparison, Population B experimental single-cross hybrid 161 was highly stable across environments. In conclusion, selected single-cross hybrids in the current study can also be advanced for further evaluation with a possibility for identifying high yielding and stable single-cross hybrids for variety registration and release in target environments in South Africa.

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Phenotypes and Grain Yield Associated with Brachytic‐2 Gene in Single‐Cross Hybrids of Dent Corn 1

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci1963.0011183x000300020003x ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 111-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. C. Anderson ◽

P. N. Chow

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Dent Corn ◽

Single Cross ◽

Brachytic 2 Gene ◽

Single Cross Hybrids

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STALK ROT OF CORN IN RELATION TO PLANT POPULATION AND GRAIN YIELD

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps65-093 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 487-492 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

C. G. Mortimore ◽

R. E. Wall

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Productivity ◽

Plant Population ◽

Physiological Maturity ◽

Grain Yields ◽

Stalk Rot ◽

Field Corn ◽

Single Cross ◽

Final Harvest ◽

End Results

Increases in plant population of field corn resulted in increased stalk rot and barrenness, and decreased tillering and ear size. In the stalk rot susceptible single cross CH159 × CH3, stalk rot reached high levels at relatively low populations (10- and 15-thousand plants per acre) whereas resistant B14 × CH9 did not have stalk rot below populations of 20- and 25-thousand plants per acre. Stalk rot did not occur until after the plants had reached physiological maturity. Plants which developed stalk rot shortly after physiological maturity had lower grain yields than plants which developed stalk rot later in the autumn. Plants without stalk rot by the time of final harvest in late October or early November were found to have either well-developed ears with high grain weights or small, poorly pollinated ears. It was concluded that both stalk rot and reduction of grain yield are the end results of conditions which reduced plant productivity during growth.

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Heterosis and character association for grain yield and its component traits in single cross maize hybrids under mid hills of Jammu and Kashmir, India

Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal ◽

10.5958/j.0976-0547.33.3.007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 198

Author(s):

Bupesh Kumar ◽

A.K. Razdan ◽

B.B. Gupta

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Jammu And Kashmir ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Character Association ◽

Single Cross ◽

Component Traits

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EPISTASIS IN GRAIN SORGHUM, SORGHUM BICOLOR

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g74-093 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 861-870

Author(s):

G. H. Liang ◽

A. D. Dayton ◽

T. L. Walter

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Plant Height ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Single Cross ◽

Bloom Date ◽

Single Cross Hybrids

Epistasis, or interaction between nonallelic genes in grain sorghum (S. bicolor (L.) Moench), was estimated by comparing means of 20 balanced sets of single- and 3-way crosses. Each balanced set consisted of three single crosses and three 3-way crosses derived from three of the six parental varieties used. Results indicated that epistasis was present in nine sets for grain yield, in 13 sets for half-bloom date, and in 11 sets for plant height and for kernel weight. Epistasis seemingly fluctuates over years and locations. On the average, 3-way hybrids yielded less grain, flowered later, and were taller than the single-cross hybrids.

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KM2: a Tropical Single Cross Corn Hybrid with Early Mature and High Grain Yield

Korean Journal of Breeding Science ◽

10.9787/kjbs.2021.53.2.140 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 140-144

Author(s):

Hwan-Hee Bae ◽

Seong-hyu Shin ◽

Young-Sam Go ◽

Jun Young Ha ◽

Yoo-Chan Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Single Cross ◽

Corn Hybrid

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Impact of Different Nitrogen Levels to the Grain Yield and Yield Components of Some Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2021/v43i1130756 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 48-60

Author(s):

Wisam Khald Sabri ◽

Abdullah Oktem

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Leaf Area Index ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Area Index ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Single Cross

Aims: The study was designed to elucidate the effect of different nitrogen (N) fertilizer levels on five different maize cultivars. Study Design: A split plot experimental design in randomized complete blocks (RCBD) with three replicates. Arrangement of seven nitrogen levels and five single cross hybrids were compared. Main plots were nitrogen levels and subplots were varieties. Place and Duration of Study: College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences at the University of Duhok, Iraq. The study was undertaken fromMarch– August 2021. Methodology: At the present research, five single cross-hybrid corn varieties were used, which were: CADZ, DKC6050, DRACHMA, MYIMY and ZP6468D. Arrangement of seven nitrogen fertilizer levels were 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 kg N ha−1. The following features were studied: plant height, leaf area index, thousand kernel weight, total grain yield, total chlorophyll, protein% and oil %.The collected data were projected to SAS software program for analysis. The significant differences between treatment means were calculated using Duncan’s multiple ranges. Results: It was reveal that there were significant effect of different nitrogen fertilizer levels, maize genotypes as well as the interaction of nitrogen and genotype of maize (P<.01) for plant height, leaf area index, 1000 kernel weight, total grain yield, total chlorophyll and protein %. However, There were no significant differences between different maize genotypes as well as different nitrogen fertilizer levels (P>.05) with oil %, but the interaction of nitrogen and genotype of maize was significant (P<.01). Conclusion: Increasing the amount of nitrogen had better effect on studied characteristics of different maize varieties, in which adding 300 kg nitrogen had optimum results. In considering the response of maize varieties to nitrogen, the best variety was DRACHMA genotype while the worst variety was CADZ genotype, however this hybrids was superior in some traits.

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Keragaman Genetik Inbrida Jagung QPM dan Normal Berbasis Marka Mikrosatelit dan Hubungannya dengan Penampilan Hibrida

Jurnal AgroBiogen ◽

10.21082/jbio.v4n2.2008.p77-82 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 77

Author(s):

Marcia B. Pabendon ◽

M. Azrai ◽

M. J. Mejaya ◽

Sutrisno Sutrisno

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Field Trials ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Heterotic Group ◽

Maize Hybrid ◽

Normal Maize ◽

Single Cross ◽

Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽

Hybrid Program ◽

And Performance

Information on genetic divergence of inbred lines and performance of the hybrids developed from the lines is a great value in maize hybrid program. A study was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity of six QPM and five normal maize inbred lines, to determine the relationship between genetic distance based on SSR markers and the grain yield of single cross hybrid, and to get information promising hybrid from the single cross of QPM hybrid. Twenty four polymorphic primers that covered the 10 maize chromosomes were used to fingerprint the lines, detecting in 94 alleles (average of 3.9 and a range of 2-6 alleles per locus). Genetic divergences were determined using the Jaccard’s similarity coefficient, and a dendrogram was constructed using the UPGMA. Cluster analysis divided the inbreds into two clusters that were confirmed by principal coordinate analysis. Two promising QPM hybrids that are crossed from different heterotic group were found. The estimated value of simple correlations (r) of GDs with the gain yield of single cross hybrid was negatif (-0.07). There is a need to conduct more field trials to obtain more accurate correlations, particularly in a practical utility for predicting maize hybrid performance for grain yield.

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