scholarly journals Status and advances in mining for blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) quantitative resistance (QR) in oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junrey Amas ◽  
Robyn Anderson ◽  
David Edwards ◽  
Wallace Cowling ◽  
Jacqueline Batley
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
R Gene ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Blackleg Resistance ◽  
Linkage And Association Analysis ◽  
Breeding Programmes

Abstract Key message Quantitative resistance (QR) loci discovered through genetic and genomic analyses are abundant in the Brassica napus genome, providing an opportunity for their utilization in enhancing blackleg resistance. Abstract Quantitative resistance (QR) has long been utilized to manage blackleg in Brassica napus (canola, oilseed rape), even before major resistance genes (R-genes) were extensively explored in breeding programmes. In contrast to R-gene-mediated qualitative resistance, QR reduces blackleg symptoms rather than completely eliminating the disease. As a polygenic trait, QR is controlled by numerous genes with modest effects, which exerts less pressure on the pathogen to evolve; hence, its effectiveness is more durable compared to R-gene-mediated resistance. Furthermore, combining QR with major R-genes has been shown to enhance resistance against diseases in important crops, including oilseed rape. For these reasons, there has been a renewed interest among breeders in utilizing QR in crop improvement. However, the mechanisms governing QR are largely unknown, limiting its deployment. Advances in genomics are facilitating the dissection of the genetic and molecular underpinnings of QR, resulting in the discovery of several loci and genes that can be potentially deployed to enhance blackleg resistance. Here, we summarize the efforts undertaken to identify blackleg QR loci in oilseed rape using linkage and association analysis. We update the knowledge on the possible mechanisms governing QR and the advances in searching for the underlying genes. Lastly, we lay out strategies to accelerate the genetic improvement of blackleg QR in oilseed rape using improved phenotyping approaches and genomic prediction tools.

scholarly journals Recent Findings Unravel Genes and Genetic Factors Underlying Leptosphaeria maculans Resistance in Brassica napus and Its Relatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
Aldrin Y. Cantila ◽  
Nur Shuhadah Mohd Saad ◽  
Junrey C. Amas ◽  
David Edwards ◽  
Jacqueline Batley
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
R Gene ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Blackleg Resistance ◽  
Avr Gene

Among the Brassica oilseeds, canola (Brassica napus) is the most economically significant globally. However, its production can be limited by blackleg disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Lepstosphaeria maculans. The deployment of resistance genes has been implemented as one of the key strategies to manage the disease. Genetic resistance against blackleg comes in two forms: qualitative resistance, controlled by a single, major resistance gene (R gene), and quantitative resistance (QR), controlled by numerous, small effect loci. R-gene-mediated blackleg resistance has been extensively studied, wherein several genomic regions harbouring R genes against L. maculans have been identified and three of these genes were cloned. These studies advance our understanding of the mechanism of R gene and pathogen avirulence (Avr) gene interaction. Notably, these studies revealed a more complex interaction than originally thought. Advances in genomics help unravel these complexities, providing insights into the genes and genetic factors towards improving blackleg resistance. Here, we aim to discuss the existing R-gene-mediated resistance, make a summary of candidate R genes against the disease, and emphasise the role of players involved in the pathogenicity and resistance. The comprehensive result will allow breeders to improve resistance to L. maculans, thereby increasing yield.

Association mapping of quantitative resistance for Leptosphaeria maculans in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jestin ◽  
M. Lodé ◽  
P. Vallée ◽  
C. Domin ◽  
C. Falentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Association Mapping ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Brassica Napus L

scholarly journals In-silico identification and differential expression of putative disease resistance-related genes within the collinear region of Brassica napus blackleg resistance locus LepR2’ in Brassica oleracea

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 879-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rashed Hossain ◽  
Mostari Jahan Ferdous ◽  
Jong-In Park ◽  
Arif Hasan Khan Robin ◽  
Sathishkumar Natarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
R Gene ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Blackleg Resistance ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
C Genome ◽  
R Loci

Abstract Blackleg disease, caused by Leptosphaeria maculans, greatly affects the production of cabbage (Brassica oleracea). However, definitive R-gene(s) are yet to be identified in this crop. In contrast, a number of R-loci have been identified in A- or B-genome crops. Identification of few resistant cabbage genotypes indicates the presence of R-genes in this C-genome crop. High ancestral synteny between Brassica genomes suggests that the collinear regions of known A- or B-genome R-loci may also contain functional R-genes in the C-genome. Strong resistance was observed in the cotyledons of cabbage inbred line SCNU-98 against two L. maculans isolates, 03–02 s and 00–100 s. We investigated the collinear region of the Brassica napus blackleg resistance locus LepR2’ in B. oleracea since both isolates of L. maculans contain corresponding avirulence genes. The locus was collinear to a 5.8 Mbp genomic segment of B. oleracea chromosome C09 containing 13 genes that have putative disease resistance-related domains. High expression of genes Bo9g117290 and Bo9g111510 against isolate 00–100 s, and high expression of genes Bo9g126150 and Bo9g111490 against both isolates in the resistant-line SCNU-98 indicate their putative roles in blackleg resistance, which remained to be functionally verified. This work enhances our understanding of R-gene-mediated resistance to blackleg in cabbage.

scholarly journals Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) resistance to growth of Leptosphaeria maculans in leaves of young plants contributes to quantitative resistance in stems of adult plants

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e0222540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Ju Huang ◽  
Sophie Paillard ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Graham J. King ◽  
Bruce D. L. Fitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Adult Plants

scholarly journals Combining R gene and quantitative resistance increases effectiveness of cultivar resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans in Brassica napus in different environments

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. e0197752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Ju Huang ◽  
Georgia K. Mitrousia ◽  
Siti Nordahliawate M. Sidique ◽  
Aiming Qi ◽  
Bruce D. L. Fitt
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
R Gene ◽  
Cultivar Resistance

Development of an agronomically superior blackleg resistant canola cultivar in Brassica napus L. using doubled haploidy

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Stringam ◽  
V. K. Bansal ◽  
M. R. Thiagarajah ◽  
D. F. Degenhardt ◽  
J. P. Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Blackleg Resistance ◽  
The University

The doubled haploid breeding method and greenhouse screening using cotyledon bio-assay were successfully applied to transfer blackleg resistance from the Australian cultivar Maluka (Brassicas napus), into susceptible advanced B. napus lines from the University of Alberta. This approach for blackleg resistance breeding was effective and efficient as several superior blackleg resistant breeding lines were identified within 4 yr from the initial cross. One of these lines (91–21864NA) was entered in the 1993 trials of the Western Canada Canola/Rapeseed Recommending Committee. Key words: Blackleg resistance, Leptosphaeria maculans, doubled haploid, Brassica napus

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