The impact of employment on recovery among individuals who are homeless with severe mental illness in the Vancouver At Home/Chez Soi trial

Background: Mental disease is increasing worldwide and people who suffer from it show lower employment rates and lower earnings. Various approaches have been tried to increase the employment rate of people with mental disease. In the US, empirical studies show that individual placement and support(IPS)—a rapid transition to the job market, with some external assistance—is effective in increasing the employment rate of the mentally ill. Europe lacks such evidence. Purpose: The study assesses the impact of an IPS-like program undertaken in Italy on the employment rate of people with severe mental illness. Methods: The analysis is based on a RCT that tests whether offering people with severe mental illness the support of a “job coach” increases their chances of being employed. Moreover, using a battery of tests—one of which is made available by the RCT itself—we show that the large non-compliance with the protocol showed by the RCT is ignorable. This motivates estimating the impact of carrying out a traineeship during the experimental period on employment using non-experimental methods. Results and Conclusions: The study finds that the availability of a coach boosts the patients’ chances of finding a traineeship during the experimental period; moreover, undertaking a traineeship almost doubles the likelihood of being at work one year later. JEL CODES: J78, J48, J38

Download Full-text

Metformin add‐on vs. antipsychotic switch vs. continued antipsychotic treatment plus healthy lifestyle education in overweight or obese youth with severe mental illness: results from the IMPACT trial

World Psychiatry ◽

10.1002/wps.20714 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 69-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Christoph U. Correll ◽

Linmarie Sikich ◽

Gloria Reeves ◽

Jacqueline Johnson ◽

Courtney Keeton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Antipsychotic Treatment ◽

Obese Youth ◽

Lifestyle Education ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

P.3.e.002 The psychosocial rehabilitation of people with severe mental illness: a study of the impact of an assertive community treatment program

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/s0924-977x(13)70778-8 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. S491

Author(s):

R. Marginean ◽

O. Marginean

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Treatment Program ◽

Assertive Community Treatment ◽

Psychosocial Rehabilitation ◽

Community Treatment ◽

The Impact

Download Full-text

Examining trends in gun violence injuries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic across six trauma centers

Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open ◽

10.1136/tsaco-2021-000801 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. e000801

Author(s):

Constance McGraw ◽

Stephanie Jarvis ◽

Matthew Carrick ◽

Mark Lieser ◽

Robert M Madayag ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Substance Use ◽

Trauma Centers ◽

National Guidelines ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Health Authorities ◽

Public Health Authorities ◽

Level I ◽

The Impact ◽

At Home

ObjectivesThe onset of the national stay-at-home orders accompanied by a surge in firearm sales has elevated the concerns of clinicians and public health authorities. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the stay-at-home orders among gunshot wound (GSW) trauma admissions.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study at six level I trauma centers across four states. Patients admitted after the onset of COVID-19 restrictions (March 16, 2020–June 30, 2020) were compared with those admitted during the same period in 2019. We compared (1) rate of patients with GSW and (2) characteristics of patients with GSW, by period using Χ2 tests or Fisher’s exact tests, as appropriate.ResultsThere were 6996 trauma admissions across the study period; 3707 (53%) in 2019 and 3289 (47%) in 2020. From 2019 to 2020, there was a significant increase in GSW admissions (4% vs. 6%, p=0.001); 4 weeks specifically had significant increases (March 16–March 23: 4%, April 1–April 8: 5%, April 9–April 16: 6%, and May 11–May 18: 5%). Of the 334 GSWs, there were significant increases in patients with mental illness (5% vs. 11%, p=0.03), alcohol use disorder (2% vs. 10%, p=0.003), substance use disorder (11% vs. 25%, p=0.001), and a significant decrease in mortality (14% vs. 7%, p=0.03) in 2020. No other significant differences between time periods were identified.ConclusionOur data suggest that trauma centers admitted significantly more patients with GSW following the national guidelines, including an increase in those with mental illness and substance use-related disorders. This could be attributable to the stay-at-home orders.Level of evidenceLevel III, retrospective study.

Download Full-text

Informal mental health interventions for people with severe mental illness in low and lower middle-income countries: A systematic review of effectiveness

International Journal of Social Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0020764019831322 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 194-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Trang Nguyen ◽

Sara Holton ◽

Thach Tran ◽

Jane Fisher

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Community Care ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Care Providers ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Informal Community ◽

The Impact

Background: The effectiveness of interventions for people with severe mental illness delivered by informal community care providers in low and lower middle-income countries is not known. The aim was to conduct a systematic review of the impact of community-based interventions implemented by the informal sector for people with severe mental illness in these settings. Methods: Five electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched for English-language publications using both keywords and MeSH terms. All study designs were included. Results: Five papers, reporting data from five studies conducted in four low and lower middle-income countries in 2017, met the inclusion criteria for the review. Of the five included studies, three had a before and after design, one was a randomized controlled trial, and one a qualitative investigation. Most interventions with a low-moderate quality of evidence used informal community care providers to deliver either self-help groups, traditional healing treatments, and/or a rehabilitation program. The investigators reported data about improvements in the outcomes of intervention participants (psychosocial functioning, psychotic symptoms, and social inclusion) and positive impacts on their families (family’s knowledge and skills of mental illness management, caregiving burden, social exclusion/stigma against people with severe mental illness, and financial burden). Cost-effectiveness of the intervention (in one study) found that it had a higher financial cost but greater effectiveness than the usual standard of care. Conclusion: Although only a small number of studies were identified, the review provides promising evidence of the professionally developed interventions for people with severe mental illness, delivered by the informal community workforce in low and lower middle-income settings. Training and supportive supervision for informal community care providers are crucial components of effective interventions.

Download Full-text