Informal community spaces, mentoring and representation: unpacking factors that influence African American engineering undergraduates

PurposeIn this article, we examine the experiences of African American engineering undergraduate students who participated in two student–faculty mentoring programs. This work provides critical insights about important factors that enhance students' experiences in higher education (e.g. the need for informal community spaces, mentoring and representation).Design/methodology/approachUsing a sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach, participants were surveyed and interviewed about their experiences in the mentoring programs. Data were analyzed using basic statistical methods and thematic analysis.FindingsFindings indicate that students prosper in informal community spaces, where representation allows them to build mentoring relationships that are fostered naturally through common identities in a shared space.Research limitations/implicationsGiven the intimate size of the program, the sample population was limited.Practical implicationsTo benefit student development, mentoring program practices should consider dedicating funding and space for students and faculty of shared racial backgrounds and lived experiences to meet informally.Originality/valueThis work identifies explicit mentoring program factors that support the development of minoritized students in engineering.

Toxicity and Informal Living in Esmeraldas, Ecuador

This article follows Lety and her family, who were part of the first wave of settlers that established the 50 Casas neighborhood—a once informal community—in Esmeraldas, Ecuador, located near a petrochemical complex. From the outset, the residents of 50 Casas routinely dealt with, and continue to deal with, all the problems associated with living in an urban, informal settlement: lack of services, poor infrastructure, high poverty rates, and insecurity. However, on top of that, the 50 Casas residents also deal with the toxic exposures associated with the refinery.

Determinants of Users Attitudes towards Social Websites Banner Advertising among University Students in Ethiopia

Social websites (SWSs) have quickly developed in notoriety and user’s acceptance comprehensively. Especially in recent years, they have become the fundamental spot for social relation, conversation, and correspondence. Today, numerous organizations promote their items on online social websites. The present study evaluates the impacts of social website on Ethiopian university students’ beliefs and concerns of social website advertising (SWA) on their attitudes toward social website advertising and social websites banner advertisement clicking behavior. Information was gathered from a sample of 337 university students of five private colleges/university in Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Results shows the beliefs of social website advertising promoting as useful and engaging effectively affect client mentalities toward informal community publicizing and their advertisement clicking behavior. Likewise, client worry of social website advertising as aggravating has a beneficial outcome on both their social website advertising and advertisement clicking behavior. Further aggravation and offensive were seen as emphatically affecting advertisement clicking conduct of Ethiopian higher institution student’s behavior towards SWA. The general outcomes shows that valuable and fascinating parts of social website advertising in Ethiopian higher institution students’ viewpoint were shown to make social website advertising compelling.

INFLUENCE OF SO-CALLED «CRIMINAL LORDS» ON CRIMINOLOGICAL SITUATION IN PENITENTIARY INSTITUTIONS

В данной статье рассматривается неформальное криминальное сообщество так называемых «воров в законе» с их субкультурными правилами, традициями и обычаями как высшая каста в социальной стратификации осужденных. Автором сформулированы основные цели их деятельности, которые находят свое отражение непосредственно в установлении власти над основной массой осужденных, содержащихся в пенитенциарных учреждениях, ослаблении режима содержания и карательного воздействия уголовно-исполнительной системы на осужденных, противодействующих администрации мест лишения свободы. В работе обосновывается, что рассматриваемое неформальное сообщество в настоящее время все тщательней и масштабнее организует теневое управление в исправительных учреждениях посредством усиления влияния криминального института так называемых «смотрящих». Отмечается, что посредством «смотрящих» «воры в законе» контролируют действия осужденных в различных пенитенциарных учреждениях, а также организуют криминальный бизнес и управляют процессами, происходящими в данных учреждениях. Автором рассмотрена и такая категория неформальной социально-ролевой стратификации, как «блатные», которые активно поддерживают и налаживают криминальные связи за пределами мест лишения свободы и привлекают денежные средства в так называемый «общак» с целью укрепления своего авторитета и расширения сферы влияния в среде осужденных в конкретном учреждении. Рассмотрены некоторые вопросы вербовки «ворами в законе» и «блатными» других осужденных, вовлечения их в свою идеологию, в том числе и с использованием заведомо ложных данных о недостатках уголовно-исполнительной системы. Также в данной статье раскрыты различные ситуации влияния осужденных отрицательной направленности на основную массу осужденных, содержащихся в пенитенциарных учреждениях. This article considers the informal criminal community of the so-called «criminal lords», with their subcultural rules, traditions and customs, as the highest caste in the social stratification of convicts. The author formulated the main goals of their activities, which are reflected directly in establishing power over the bulk of convicts held in prisons, weakening the regime of detention and punitive effect of the penal system on convicts opposing the administration of places of deprivation of liberty. In the articleit is supported that the analysed informal community at present, is more carefully and extensively organizing shadow management in correctional institutions by strengthening the influence of the criminal institution of the so-called «alpha dogs». It is noted that through «alpha dogs» «criminal lords» control the actions of convicts in various prisons, as well as organize a criminal business and manage the processes in these institutions. The author also considers such a category of informal social-role stratification as the so-called «blatnye», who actively maintain and establish criminal connections outside places of deprivation of liberty and raise funds in the so-called «common fund» in order to strengthen their authority and expand the sphere of influence in the environment convicted in a particular institution. Some issues of the recruitment by «criminal lords» and «blatnye» of other convicts, their involvement in their ideology, including the use of deliberately false data on the shortcomings of the penal system are considered. Also in this article, various situations of the influence of convicts of a negative orientation on the bulk of convicts held in prisons are developed.

KOMUNITAS MUSIK DI BSD

The millennial generation is very smart in using the internet as social media and as a learning media. In using this internet they learn with a one-way learning tool, which makes most of the learning misguided from the techniques of reading and playing music. Things that need to be considered are small details such as reading piano beams or playing according to the correct scales and that only exists when learning with 2-way learning such as schools, but millennials don't like the existence of formal schools, which exist today but they want to learn with free where they can play freely and also be able to play together without a curriculum that makes them like being detained. In this case an informal school that can accommodate millennial musicians is now needed and also a place to gather and also learn together therefore an informal community is needed that can accommodate the desire and creativity for the activities of the millennials.Abstrak Generasi milennial sangat pintar dalam menggunakan internet sebagai media sosial maupun sebagai media belajar. Dalam penggunaan internet ini mereka belajar dengan sarana satu arah pembelajaran, hal tersebut membuat sebagian besar pembelajaran dapat salah kaprah dari teknik membaca maupun bermain musik. Hal yang perlu diperhatikan adalah detail kecil seperti membaca balok piano maupun bermain sesuai tangga nada yang benar dan hal tersebut hanya ada bila belajar dengan pembelajaran 2 arah seperti sekolah, namun millennial tidak menyukai dengan adanya sekolah formal, yang ada sekarang ini tetapi mereka ingin belajar dengan bebas dimana mereka dapat bermain bebas dan juga dapat bermain bersama tanpa adanya kurikulum yang membuat mereka seperti ditahan Dalam hal ini maka diperlukan sebuah sekolah informal yang dapat menampung para musisi millennial sekarang ini dan juga menjadi sebuah tempat untuk dapat berkumpul dan juga belajar bersama oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sebuah komunitas informal yang dapat menampung keinginan dan kreatifitas untuk kegiatan para millennial.