The chapter gives a detailed description of concept and limitation of “circular and green economy” within the framework of Mediterranean region. It begins with an introduction of concept of circular and green economy, which explores transformation from a linear economy (i.e., “traditional take-make-waste model”) to the circular economy. It then describes the concept and theoretical foundation of the circular and green economy before giving a detailed comparative description of its practical economic and business rationale within the Mediterranean Region and the world at large. To make this chapter approachable to readers of various abilities, the chapter gives detailed description with the aid of tables and figures. Besides, previous financing info is included before providing policy recommendations that if implemented could offer a significant boost to a greener inclusive economic growth in the Mediterranean region and the world at large.