Comparing treatment effects of oral THC on simulated and on-the-road driving performance: testing the validity of driving simulator drug research

(1) Background: Primary driving tasks are increasingly being handled by vehicle automation so that support for non-driving related tasks (NDRTs) is becoming more and more important. In SAE L3 automation, vehicles can require the driver-passenger to take over driving controls, though. Interfaces for NDRTs must therefore guarantee safe operation and should also support productive work. (2) Method: We conducted a within-subjects driving simulator study (N=53) comparing Heads-Up Displays (HUDs) and Auditory Speech Displays (ASDs) for productive NDRT engagement. In this article, we assess the NDRT displays’ effectiveness by evaluating eye-tracking measures and setting them into relation to workload measures, self-ratings, and NDRT/take-over performance. (3) Results: Our data highlights substantially higher gaze dispersion but more extensive glances on the road center in the auditory condition than the HUD condition during automated driving. We further observed potentially safety-critical glance deviations from the road during take-overs after a HUD was used. These differences are reflected in self-ratings, workload indicators and take-over reaction times, but not in driving performance. (4) Conclusion: NDRT interfaces can influence visual attention even beyond their usage during automated driving. In particular, the HUD has resulted in safety-critical glances during manual driving after take-overs. We found this impacted workload and productivity but not driving performance.

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Advance Information on the Road: A Simulator Study of the Effect of Road Markings

Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ◽

10.1177/001872087601800601 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 521-532 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Harald Witt ◽

Carl G. Hoyos

Keyword(s):

Driving Simulator ◽

Driving Behavior ◽

Speed Profile ◽

The Road ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Road Signs ◽

Advance Information ◽

Simulator Study ◽

On The Road ◽

Accident Statistics

Accident statistics and studies of driving behavior have shown repeatedly that curved roads are hazardous. It was hypothesized that the safety of curves could be improved by indicating in advance the course of the road in a more effective way than do traditional road signs. A code of sequences of stripes put on right edge of the pavement was developed to indicate to the driver the radius of the curve ahead. The main characteristic of this code was the frequency of transitions from code elements to gaps between elements. The effect of these markings was investigated on a driving simulator. Twelve subjects drove on simulated roads of different curvature and with different placement of the code in the approach zone. Some positive effects of the advance information could be observed. The subjects drove more steadily, more precisely, and with a more suitable speed profile.

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Good Intentions? Willingness to Engage with Technology on the Road and in a Driving Simulator

Driver Distraction ◽

10.1201/9780429466809-8 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 147-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katie J. Parnell ◽

Neville A. Stanton ◽

Katherine L. Plant

Keyword(s):

Driving Simulator ◽

The Road ◽

On The Road ◽

Willingness To Engage

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Performance on the Road: Examining the Critical Role of Training Effectiveness Amongst the Blue-Collar Employees in Bahrain

Asian Journal of Empirical Research ◽

10.18488/journal.1007/2018.8.9/1007.9.342.351 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 342-351

Author(s):

Umair Ahmed ◽

Soleman Mozammel ◽

Habib Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Training Programs ◽

Employee Performance ◽

Critical Role ◽

Driving Performance ◽

Training Effectiveness ◽

Blue Collar ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

The Road ◽

On The Road

The present study attempted to investigate the role or training effectiveness on the employee performance of blue-collar employees working in Bahrain Transportation sector. Therein, the study examined the effectiveness of five different training programs offered to large vehicle drivers serving in the transportation industry. A total of 135 bus drivers from Alsadiq transport company Bahrain were sampled for the study to outline the effectiveness of three major training programs that they were offered including Customer Handling & Passenger Safety, Health & Hygiene and Guide to traffic laws and driving in Bahrain on their driving performance. Structural equation modeling using smart PLS was used for the present study for data analysis and interpretation. The study found a significant relationship impact of two programs on their driving performance of the respondents. The study forwards theoretical and practical implications and scope for further studies.

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Erratum to: On-the-road driving performance the morning after bedtime administration of lemborexant in healthy adult and elderly volunteers

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa068 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Annemiek Vermeeren ◽

Stefan Jongen ◽

Patricia Murphy ◽

Margaret Moline ◽

Gleb Filippov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthy Adult ◽

Driving Performance ◽

The Road ◽

On The Road

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On-the-road driving performance and driving-related skills in older untreated insomnia patients and chronic users of hypnotics

Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1007/s00213-014-3455-z ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

T. R. M. Leufkens ◽

J. G. Ramaekers ◽

A. W. de Weerd ◽

W. J. Riedel ◽

A. Vermeeren

Keyword(s):

Driving Performance ◽

The Road ◽

On The Road

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Analysis of Preference for Autonomous Driving Under Different Traffic Conditions Using a Driving Simulator

Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics ◽

10.20965/jrm.2015.p0660 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 660-670 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Udara Eshan Manawadu ◽

◽

Masaaki Ishikawa ◽

Mitsuhiro Kamezaki ◽

Shigeki Sugano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Autonomous Vehicles ◽

Driving Simulator ◽

Autonomous Driving ◽

Driving Experience ◽

The Road ◽

Traffic Conditions ◽

Passenger Vehicles ◽

New Type ◽

On The Road ◽

Near Future

<div class=""abs_img""><img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270006/08.jpg"" width=""300"" /> Driving simulator</div>Intelligent passenger vehicles with autonomous capabilities will be commonplace on our roads in the near future. These vehicles will reshape the existing relationship between the driver and vehicle. Therefore, to create a new type of rewarding relationship, it is important to analyze when drivers prefer autonomous vehicles to manually-driven (conventional) vehicles. This paper documents a driving simulator-based study conducted to identify the preferences and individual driving experiences of novice and experienced drivers of autonomous and conventional vehicles under different traffic and road conditions. We first developed a simplified driving simulator that could connect to different driver-vehicle interfaces (DVI). We then created virtual environments consisting of scenarios and events that drivers encounter in real-world driving, and we implemented fully autonomous driving. We then conducted experiments to clarify how the autonomous driving experience differed for the two groups. The results showed that experienced drivers opt for conventional driving overall, mainly due to the flexibility and driving pleasure it offers, while novices tend to prefer autonomous driving due to its inherent ease and safety. A further analysis indicated that drivers preferred to use both autonomous and conventional driving methods interchangeably, depending on the road and traffic conditions.

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