Operationally defined solubilization of copper and iron in human saliva and implications for metallic flavor perception

2011 ◽  
Vol 233 (6) ◽  
pp. 973-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Hee Hong ◽  
Kwang-Ok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Human Saliva ◽  
Flavor Perception ◽  
Metallic Flavor

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of Iron-Induced Salivary Lipid Oxidation Associated with Exposure to Iron Nanoparticles: Application Possibilities and Limitations for Food and Exposure Sciences

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3622
Author(s):  
Susan Mirlohi
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Flavor Perception ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Metallic Flavor

Zerovalent iron nanotechnologies are widely used for groundwater remediation and increasingly considered for advance oxidation treatment in drinking water applications. Iron nanoparticles have been detected in drinking water systems and considered for food fortification; therefore, the potential for human exposure through ingestion can be a concern. This study aimed to assess whether ingestion of iron nanoparticles from drinking water could be detected through flavor perception using In Vitro salivary lipid oxidation as an indicator for metallic flavor perception. Ten female subjects, aged 29–59 years, donated saliva samples for use in the In Vitro experiments. Test samples consisted of 1:1 mixture of saliva and bottled drinking water (control) and three treatment solutions, spiked with ferrous sulfate, stabilized zerovalent iron nanoparticles (nZVI), and an aggregated/microsized suspension of mixed zerovalent iron and microsized suspension of iron and iron oxide metal powder, (mZVI). Upon mixing, samples were subjected to 15 min incubation at 37 °C to resemble oral conditions. Salivary lipid oxidation (SLO) was measured in all samples as micromoles of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)/mg Fe. Exposure to iron in all three forms induced significant amount of SLO in all treatment samples as compared to the control (p < 0.0001). The mean SLO levels were the highest in the ferrous treatment, followed by nZVI and mZVI treatments; the differences in the mean SLO levels were significant (p < 0.05). The findings indicate that oral exposure to stabilized ZVI nanoparticles may induce sensory properties different from that of ferrous salt, likely predictive of diminished detection of metallic flavor by humans.

Use of OPLC for quantitation of HCHO, as the dimedone adduct, in human saliva in different dental pathologies

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Katarzyna Różyło ◽  
Anna Żabińska ◽  
Ingrid Różyło-Kalinowska
Keyword(s):  
Human Saliva

Human Saliva as a Liquid Biopsy for Detecting the SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (Special Supplement) ◽  
pp. S1-S3
Author(s):  
Zohaib Khurshid ◽  
◽  
Shahjahan Katpar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Human Saliva

Ion Release from Casts of Commercially Pure Titanium in Mixed Solutions of Organic Acids Contained in Human Saliva

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruhisa Hirayama ◽  
Marie Koike ◽  
Tadafumi Kurogi ◽  
Akiko Shibata ◽  
Shigeru Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Mixed Solutions

Patrolling the Boundaries of Synaesthesia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malika Auvray ◽  
Mirko Farina
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Substitution ◽  
Neurological Condition ◽  
Flavor Perception ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Hypnotic Suggestions

Synaesthesia is a neurological condition in which people make unusual associations between various sensations. This chapter investigates conceptually whether alleged non-developmental (i.e. artificial) forms of synaesthesia could be counted as genuine synaesthetic experiences. It focuses in particular on post-hypnotic suggestions, drug habits, flavor perception, and use of sensory substitution devices. It discusses a number of criteria that have been taken as definitional of synaesthesia; namely, inducer-concurrent pairing, idiosyncrasy, consistency over time, and automaticity of the process, and subsequently investigates whether those alleged non-developmental cases could fulfill these criteria. Although the response provided here is negative, as each of the cases fail to fulfill one or several of the criteria, the comparisons between these cases and congenital synaesthesia prove useful to highlight key differences between different kinds of multisensory experiences.

scholarly journals Human Saliva-Mediated Hydrolysis of Eugenyl-β-D-Glucoside and Fluorescein-di-β-D-Glucoside in In Vivo and In Vitro Models

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Mariusz Dziadas ◽  
Adam Junka ◽  
Henryk Jeleń
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Microbial Hydrolysis ◽  
Amoxicillin Trihydrate ◽  
Potassium Clavulanate

Eugenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, also referred to as Citrusin C, is a natural glucoside found among others in cloves, basil and cinnamon plants. Eugenol in a form of free aglycone is used in perfumeries, flavourings, essential oils and in medicinal products. Synthetic Citrusin C was incubated with human saliva in several in vitro models together with substrate-specific enzyme and antibiotics (clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin trihydrate and potassium clavulanate). Citrusin C was detected using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Citrusin C was completely degraded only when incubated with substrate-specific A. niger glucosidase E.C 3.2.1.21 (control sample) and when incubated with human saliva (tested sample). The addition of antibiotics to the above-described experimental setting, stopped Citrusin C degradation, indicating microbiologic origin of hydrolysis observed. Our results demonstrate that Citrusin C is subjected to complete degradation by salivary/oral cavity microorganisms. Extrapolation of our results allows to state that in the human oral cavity, virtually all β-D-glucosides would follow this type of hydrolysis. Additionally, a new method was developed for an in vivo rapid test of glucosidase activity in the human mouth on the tongue using fluorescein-di-β-D-glucoside as substrate. The results presented in this study serve as a proof of concept for the hypothesis that microbial hydrolysis path of β-D-glucosides begins immediately in the human mouth and releases the aglycone directly into the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Pentraxin‐3 detected in human saliva shows limited correlation with biomarkers associated with systemic inflammation

Apmis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Wetterö ◽  
Frida Jönsson ◽  
Sarah von Löhneysen ◽  
Margareta Kristenson ◽  
Peter Garvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Pentraxin 3

scholarly journals Survey of Saliva Components and Virus Sensors for Prevention of COVID-19 and Infectious Diseases

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Priya Dave ◽  
Roberto Rojas-Cessa ◽  
Ziqian Dong ◽  
Vatcharapan Umpaichitra
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Close Distance

The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention considers saliva contact the lead transmission mean of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Saliva droplets or aerosols expelled by sneezing, coughing, breathing, and talking may carry this virus. People in close distance may be exposed directly to these droplets or indirectly when touching the droplets that fall on surrounding surfaces and ending up contracting COVID-19 after touching the mucosa tissue of their faces. It is of great interest to quickly and effectively detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in an environment, but the existing methods only work in laboratory settings, to the best of our knowledge. However, it may be possible to detect the presence of saliva in the environment and proceed with prevention measures. However, detecting saliva itself has not been documented in the literature. On the other hand, many sensors that detect different organic components in saliva to monitor a person’s health and diagnose different diseases, ranging from diabetes to dental health, have been proposed and they may be used to detect the presence of saliva. This paper surveys sensors that detect organic and inorganic components of human saliva. Humidity sensors are also considered in the detection of saliva because a large portion of saliva is water. Moreover, sensors that detect infectious viruses are also included as they may also be embedded into saliva sensors for a confirmation of the presence of the virus. A classification of sensors by their working principles and the substances they detect is presented, including the sensors’ specifications, sample size, and sensitivity. Indications of which sensors are portable and suitable for field application are presented. This paper also discusses future research and challenges that must be resolved to realize practical saliva sensors. Such sensors may help minimize the spread of not only COVID-19 but also other infectious diseases.

scholarly journals FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE REACTION CHANGES OF HUMAN SALIVA

1927 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-404
Author(s):  
Guy W. Clark ◽  
Kenneth L. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Human Saliva
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