Isolation and purification of five phenolic compounds from the Xinjiang wine grape (Vitis Vinifera) and determination of their antioxidant mechanism at cellular level

2018 ◽  
Vol 244 (9) ◽  
pp. 1569-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Xueyan ◽  
Yu Jia ◽  
Yin Xuefeng ◽  
Tu Lidan ◽  
Kong Qingjun
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Wine Grape ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanism

scholarly journals Direct Identification and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds from Crude Extracts of Buds and Internodes of Grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv Merlot)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400901
Author(s):  
Said Qsaib ◽  
Nuno Mateus ◽  
Fatima Ez-zohra Ikbal ◽  
Lala Aicha Rifai ◽  
Victor de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Direct Identification ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
First Time ◽  
Identification And Characterization

The crude methanol extracts of latent buds and internodes Vitis vinifera L. cv. Merlot were used for the determination of phenolic compounds by a combination of reverse phase HPLC with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and mass spectrometry (LC-MS). This method allowed the identification of 9 phenolic compounds without purification or fractionation. These 9 compounds were divided into three groups: procyanidins, flavonols and stilbenes. Detection by HPLC-DAD at different wave lengths of 280 nm to 320 nm, allowed the estimation of concentrations of those compounds. This method permitted, for the first time, both characterization and quantification of polyphenolic compounds in buds of grapevine. Comparison with the results obtained in internodes showed that quercetin, resveratrol tetramer and ε-viniferin had similar levels in buds and internodes while six other compounds identified had higher levels in buds.

Methods for the Determination of the Purity of Exosomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (42) ◽  
pp. 4464-4485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kluszczyńska ◽  
Liliana Czernek ◽  
Wojciech Cypryk ◽  
Łukasz Pęczek ◽  
Markus Düchler
Keyword(s):  
Drug Transport ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Targeted Release

Background: Exosomes open exciting new opportunities for advanced drug transport and targeted release. Furthermore, exosomes may be used for vaccination, immunosuppression or wound healing. To fully utilize their potential as drug carriers or immune-modulatory agents, the optimal purity of exosome preparations is of crucial importance. Methods: Articles describing the isolation and purification of exosomes were retrieved from the PubMed database. Results: Exosomes are often separated from biological fluids containing high concentrations of proteins, lipids and other molecules that keep vesicle purification challenging. A great number of purification protocols have been published, however, their outcome is difficult to compare because the assessment of purity has not been standardized. In this review, we first give an overview of the generation and composition of exosomes, as well as their multifaceted biological functions that stimulated various medical applications. Finally, we describe various methods that have been used to purify small vesicles and to assess the purity of exosome preparations and critically compare the quality of these evaluation protocols. Conclusion: Combinations of various techniques have to be applied to reach the required purity and quality control of exosome preparations.

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