scholarly journals Thrombectomy for acute large vessel occlusion in posterior and anterior circulation: a single institutional retrospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyoshi Kuribara ◽  
Satoshi Iihoshi ◽  
Eisuke Tsukagoshi ◽  
Akio Teranishi ◽  
Yu Kinoshita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Posterior Circulation ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Large Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Nihss Score ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Clinical Background

Abstract Purpose Thrombectomy has been the gold standard therapy for anterior circulation occlusion; however, studies regarding thrombectomy in posterior circulation are lacking. In this study, we compared the efficiency of thrombectomy for acute large vessel occlusion between the posterior and anterior circulation at a single institution. Methods We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients who underwent thrombectomy for acute large vessel occlusion at our institution between August 2014 and April 2021. Differences in the clinical background, time course, and treatment technique and outcomes were evaluated between anterior and posterior circulation occlusions. Results Overall, 353 patients (225 men and 128 women) were included: 314 patients had anterior circulation occlusion and 39 patients had posterior circulation occlusion. Between the patients with anterior and posterior circulation occlusions, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (16 [12–21] vs. 29 [19–34], respectively, p < 0.001), door-to-puncture time (65 [45–99] vs. 99 [51–121] min, respectively, p = 0.018), and mortality (22 [7%] vs. 8 [20.5%] patients, respectively, p = 0.010) were significantly different; however, favorable outcome was not significantly different. Conclusion Higher NIHSS score, delayed treatment, and higher mortality were observed in posterior circulation occlusion than in anterior circulation occlusion; successful reperfusion and favorable outcomes were similar between them. Similar favorable outcomes and reperfusion ratio to the anterior circulation might be achieved also in the posterior circulation; however, delayed treatment and the optimal first-pass strategy might need further improvement.

Abstract TP72: Localization of Large Vessel Occlusion (LVO) Stroke in the Posterior Circulation Based on Perfusion Imaging

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo W Cereda ◽  
Jeremy Heit ◽  
Abid Qureshi ◽  
Archana Hinduja ◽  
Mikayel Grigoryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perfusion Imaging ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Posterior Circulation ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Large Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Intracranial Vessel ◽  
Imaging Results

Introduction: The vascular territory of an occluded large intracranial vessel can be reliably identified by CT or MR perfusion imaging. Furthermore, prior studies have shown that perfusion imaging can reliably predict the specific vessel that is occluded in anterior circulation large vessel strokes. We evaluated whether perfusion imaging can predict the specific vessel occlusion (vertebral, basilar, or posterior cerebral) in posterior circulation strokes. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the occluded vessel could be inferred from the perfusion imaging results in >80% of patients with an acute stroke due to large vessel occlusion in the posterior circulation using the simultaneous CTA or MRA as the gold standard. Furthermore, the inter-rater agreement between a vascular neurologist and a neuroradiologist would be > 90%. Agreement Coefficients (AC1) were determined. Methods: From a multicenter cohort of consecutive patients with posterior circulation stroke, we included patients with documented occlusion of the Basilar Artery (BA) posterior cerebral Artery (PCA) or vertebral artery (VA) who had perfusion imaging (MRI or CT) processed by RAPID software. Perfusion images were evaluated blinded to the angiography or any other brain imaging results. The primary outcome measure was agreement on LVO location based on the CTA/MRA results. Results: 74 patients were eligible: age 63±2, female 32%, median NIHSS 15 (IQR 5-24). The distribution of large vessel occlusions on CTA/MRA was BA (74%), PCA (14%) and VA (12%). Perfusion imaging was able to correctly predict the occluded vessel in 63 (85%), AC1 = 0.82 (95% CI 0.72-0.92), p<0.001. Interrater agreement (n=41) was high [AC1 = 0.94 (95% CI 0.87-1.0), p < 0.001]. Conclusion: Perfusion imaging can predict the site of vessel occlusion (vertebral, basilar, or posterior cerebral) in posterior circulation strokes with good accuracy and high inter-rater agreement.

A human brain test bed for research in large vessel occlusion stroke

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Daniel Gebrezgiabhier ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Adithya S. Reddy ◽  
Evan Davis ◽  
Yihao Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Posterior Circulation ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Suction Catheter ◽  
Large Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Human Brains

OBJECTIVEEndovascular removal of emboli causing large vessel occlusion (LVO)–related stroke utilizing suction catheter and/or stent retriever technologies or thrombectomy is a new standard of care. Despite high recanalization rates, 40% of stroke patients still experience poor neurological outcomes as many cases cannot be fully reopened after the first attempt. The development of new endovascular technologies and techniques for mechanical thrombectomy requires more sophisticated testing platforms that overcome the limitations of phantom-based simulators. The authors investigated the use of a hybrid platform for LVO stroke constructed with cadaveric human brains.METHODSA test bed for embolic occlusion of cerebrovascular arteries and mechanical thrombectomy was developed with cadaveric human brains, a customized hydraulic system to generate physiological flow rate and pressure, and three types of embolus analogs (elastic, stiff, and fragment-prone) engineered to match mechanically and phenotypically the emboli causing LVO strokes. LVO cases were replicated in the anterior and posterior circulation, and thrombectomy was attempted using suction catheters and/or stent retrievers.RESULTSThe test bed allowed radiation-free visualization of thrombectomy for LVO stroke in real cerebrovascular anatomy and flow conditions by transmural visualization of the intraluminal elements and procedures. The authors were able to successfully replicate 105 LVO cases with 184 passes in 12 brains (51 LVO cases and 82 passes in the anterior circulation, and 54 LVO cases and 102 passes in the posterior circulation). Observed recanalization rates in this model were graded using a Recanalization in LVO (RELVO) scale analogous to other measures of recanalization outcomes in clinical use.CONCLUSIONSThe human brain platform introduced and validated here enables the analysis of artery-embolus-device interaction under physiological hemodynamic conditions within the unmodified complexity of the cerebral vasculature inside the human brain.

Abstract P340: Chronic Cerebrovascular Damage and Acute Embolic Mechanisms Associated With Acute Leptomeningeal Collateral Flow in Embolic Large Vessel Occlusion

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Hashimoto ◽  
Takenobu Kunieda ◽  
Tristan Honda ◽  
Fabien Scalzo ◽  
Latisha K Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Cardioembolic Stroke ◽  
Collateral Flow ◽  
Large Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Stroke Subtype ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vessel Occlusion

Background and Purpose: Acute leptomeningeal collateral flow is vital to maintain blood perfusion to penumbral tissue in acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, the degree of this collateral flow differs among patients. Patient premorbid factors as well as factors caused by the mechanisms of stroke are expected to be associated with this collateral flow. We aimed to investigate the clinical determinants of acute leptomeningeal collateral flow in embolic LVO. Methods: Among consecutive stroke patients caused by acute embolic anterior circulation LVO, we retrospectively reviewed 108 patients who underwent evaluation of acute leptomeningeal collateral status (CS) on pretreatment CTA admitted from January 2015 to December 2019. Both premorbid information including cerebrovascular risk factors and leukoaraiosis evaluated by the total white matter (WM) Fazekas score on MRI, which was calculated as periventricular plus deep WM scores, and stroke related information including stroke subtypes, severity, time course, and occlusive thrombus characteristics were collected. Among thrombus characteristics, thrombus length was measured by tracing the filling defect of contrast on CTA. The clinical determinants of good leptomeningeal CS (> 50% collateral filling of the occluded territory) were analyzed. Results: CS was good in 67 patients (62%). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, cardioembolic stroke subtype was negatively related (OR, 0.170; 95% CI, 0.022-0.868), and mild leukoaraiosis (total WM Fazekas scores of 0-2) was positively related (OR, 9.57; 95% CI, 2.49-47.75) to good CS. On subgroup analysis limited to 82 patients with cardioembolic stroke, shorter thrombus length (OR, 0.913 per mm increase; 95% CI, 0.819-0.999) as well as mild leukoaraiosis (OR, 5.79; 95% CI, 1.40-29.61) were independently related to good CS. Conclusions: Premorbid leukoaraiosis and cardioembolic etiology are determinants of acute leptomeningeal collateral flow in embolic LVO. In addition, thrombus length is also a determinant of collateral flow in cardioembolic LVO. These findings indicate that a combination of chronic cerebrovascular damage and acute embolic mechanisms could determine the degree of leptomeningeal collateral flow.

Abstract TP42: Equivalent Favorable Outcomes Possible After Thrombectomy for Posterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusion Compared to Anterior Circulation: The MUSC Experience

Stroke ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali M Alawieh ◽  
Raymond D Turner ◽  
Aquilla S Turk ◽  
Mohammad I Chaudry ◽  
Jonathan Lena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Circulation ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Large Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vessel Occlusion

Outcome of patients with large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation and low NIHSS score

2020 ◽  
Vol 267 (6) ◽  
pp. 1651-1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjam R. Heldner ◽  
Panagiotis Chaloulos-Iakovidis ◽  
Leonidas Panos ◽  
Bastian Volbers ◽  
Johannes Kaesmacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Vessel ◽  
Large Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Nihss Score

Current Status of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Large Vessel Occlusion in China

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baixue Jia ◽  
Zeguang Ren ◽  
Maxim Mokin ◽  
W. Scott Burgin ◽  
Clayton T. Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Posterior Circulation ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Large Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease

Background and Purpose: The benefit of endovascular treatment (EVT) for large vessel occlusion in clinical practice in developing countries like China needs to be confirmed. The aim of the study was to determine whether the benefit of EVT for acute ischemic stroke in randomized trials could be generalized to clinical practice in Chinese population. Methods: We conducted a prospective registry of EVT at 111 centers in China. Patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by imaging-confirmed intracranial large vessel occlusion and receiving EVT were included. The primary outcome was functional independence at 90 days defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2. Outcomes of specific subgroups in the anterior circulation were reported and logistic regression was performed to predict the primary outcome. Results: Among the 1793 enrolled patients, 1396 (77.9%) had anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (median age, 66 [56–73] years) and 397 (22.1%) had posterior circulation large vessel occlusion (median age, 64 [55–72] years). Functional independence at 90 days was reached in 45% and 44% in anterior and posterior circulation groups, respectively. For anterior circulation population, underlying intracranial atherosclerotic disease was identified in 29% of patients, with higher functional independence at 90 days (52% versus 44%; P =0.0122) than patients without intracranial atherosclerotic disease. In the anterior circulation population, after adjusting for baseline characteristics, procedure details, and early outcomes, the independent predictors for functional independence at 90 days were age <66 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.733 [95% CI, 1.213–2.476]), time from onset to puncture >6 hours (OR, 1.536 [95% CI, 1.065–2.216]), local anesthesia (OR, 2.194 [95% CI, 1.325–3.633]), final modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b/3 (OR, 2.052 [95% CI, 1.085–3.878]), puncture-to-reperfusion time ≤1.5 hours (OR, 1.628 [95% CI, 1.098–2.413]), and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 24 hours after the procedure <11 (OR, 9.126 [95% CI, 6.222–13.385]). Conclusions: Despite distinct characteristics in the Chinese population, favorable outcome of EVT can be achieved in clinical practice in China. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT03370939.

scholarly journals Comparison of Risk Factors, Safety, and Efficacy Outcomes of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Posterior vs. Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Mbroh ◽  
Khouloud Poli ◽  
Johannes Tünnerhoff ◽  
Alexandra Gomez-Exposito ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Posterior Circulation ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Large Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Favorable Functional Outcome

Background and Purpose: It is believed that stroke occurring due to posterior circulation large vessel occlusion (PCLVO) and that occurring due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (ACLVO) differ in terms of their pathophysiology and the outcome of their acute management in relation to endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (MT). Limited sample size and few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with respect to PCLVO make the safety and efficacy of MT, which has been confirmed in ACLVO, difficult to assess in the posterior circulation. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to study to which extent MT in PCLVO differs from ACLVO.Materials and Methods: We searched the databases PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE for studies published between 2010 and January 2021, with information on risk factors, safety, and efficacy outcomes of MT in PCLVO vs. ACLVO and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis; we compared baseline characteristics, reperfusion treatment profiles [including rates of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and onset-to-IVT and onset-to-groin puncture times], recanalization success [Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction scale (TICI) 2b/3], symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and favorable functional outcome [modified Rankin Score (mRS) 0–2] and mortality at 90 days.Results: Sixteen studies with MT PCLVO (1,172 patients) and ACLVO (7,726 patients) were obtained from the search. The pooled estimates showed higher baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (SMD 0.32, 95% CI 0.15–0.48) in the PCLVO group. PCLVO patients received less often IVT (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.53–0.79). Onset-to-IVT time (SMD 0.86, 95% CI 0.45–1.26) and onset-to-groin puncture time (SMD 0.59, 95% CI 0.33–0.85) were longer in the PCLVO group. The likelihood of obtaining successful recanalization and favorable functional outcome at 90 days was comparable between the two groups. PCLVO was, however, associated with less sICH (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.37–0.85) but higher mortality (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.46–2.53).Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicates that MT in PCLVO may be comparably efficient in obtaining successful recanalization and 90 day favorable functional outcome just as in ACLVO. Less sICH in MT-treated PCLVO patients might be the result of the lower IVT rate in this group. Higher baseline NIHSS and longer onset-to-IVT and onset-to-groin puncture times may have contributed to a higher 90 day mortality in PCLVO patients.

scholarly journals Factors associated with prominent vessel sign on susceptibility-weighted imaging in acute ischemic stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-fei Jiang ◽  
Yi-qun Zhang ◽  
Jiang-xia Pang ◽  
Pei-ning Shao ◽  
Han-cheng Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Susceptibility Weighted Imaging ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Large Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Univariate Analyses

AbstractThe prominent vessel sign (PVS) on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is not displayed in all cases of acute ischemia. We aimed to investigate the factors associated with the presence of PVS in stroke patients. Consecutive ischemic stroke patients admitted within 24 h from symptom onset underwent emergency multimodal MRI at admission. Associated factors for the presence of PVS were analyzed using univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression analyses. A total of 218 patients were enrolled. The occurrence rate of PVS was 55.5%. Univariate analyses showed significant differences between PVS-positive group and PVS-negative group in age, history of coronary heart disease, baseline NIHSS scores, total cholesterol, hemoglobin, anterior circulation infarct, large vessel occlusion, and cardioembolism. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that the independent factors associated with PVS were anterior circulation infarct (odds ratio [OR] 13.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.5–53.3), large vessel occlusion (OR 123.3; 95% CI 33.7–451.5), and cardioembolism (OR 5.6; 95% CI 2.1–15.3). Anterior circulation infarct, large vessel occlusion, and cardioembolism are independently associated with the presence of PVS on SWI.

Feasibility and safety of the strategy of first stenting without retrieval using Solitaire FR as a treatment for emergent large-vessel occlusion due to underlying intracranial atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jong-Hoon Kim ◽  
Young-Jin Jung ◽  
Chul-Hoon Chang
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Intracranial Atherosclerosis ◽  
Large Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Stent Retrieval ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Solitaire Fr

OBJECTIVEThe optimal treatment for underlying intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) in patients with emergent large-vessel occlusion (ELVO) remains unclear. Reocclusion during endovascular treatment (EVT) occurs frequently (57.1%–77.3%) after initial recanalization with stent retriever (SR) thrombectomy in ICAS-related ELVO. This study aimed to compare treatment outcomes of the strategy of first stenting without retrieval (FRESH) using the Solitaire FR versus SR thrombectomy in patients with ICAS-related ELVO.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke and intracranial ELVO of the anterior circulation who underwent EVT between January 2017 and December 2019 at Yeungnam University Medical Center. Large-vessel occlusion (LVO) of the anterior circulation was classified by etiology as follows: 1) no significant stenosis after recanalization (embolic group) and 2) remnant stenosis > 70% or lesser degree of stenosis with a tendency toward reocclusion and/or flow impairment during EVT (ICAS group). The ICAS group was divided into the SR thrombectomy group (SR thrombectomy) and the FRESH group.RESULTSA total of 105 patients (62 men and 43 women; median age 71 years, IQR 62.5–79 years) were included. The embolic, SR thrombectomy, and FRESH groups comprised 66 (62.9%), 26 (24.7%), and 13 (12.4%) patients, respectively. There were no significant differences between the SR thrombectomy and FRESH groups in symptom onset–to-door time, but puncture-to-recanalization time was significantly shorter in the latter group (39 vs 54 minutes, p = 0.032). There were fewer stent retrieval passes but more first-pass recanalizations in the FRESH group (p < 0.001). Favorable functional outcomes were significantly more frequent in the FRESH group (84.6% vs 42.3%, p = 0.017).CONCLUSIONSThis study’s findings suggest that FRESH, rather than rescue stenting, could be a treatment option for ICAS-related ELVO.

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