Globally antibiotic resistance has become a major concern, which warrants the real time monitoring for resistance in very common pathogenic organisms. E. coli is normal micro flora in humans, but sometimes it can be pathogenic. For the observation and increment of antimicrobial resistance among pathogen, E. coli has been one of the important pathogens. It is present everywhere in fecal, water, food etc., if resistant E. coli will present in the environment that it can be transferrable anywhere through water, fecal food, animals and humans. This is very dangerous to living beings. This study was designed on status of antibiotic resistance in E. coli isolates in human kids and animal kids, both. Newborns are affected more because of poor or lack of immune system. In this study, fecal materials were used as sample material collected from goat kids (0-3 months) and human children (up to 3 years) residing in same local area. Fifteen fecal samples were collected from human children (up to 3 years) and goat kids (0-3 months) in each case to study the risk of transmission of resistance in E. coli isolates. PCR was conducted on genomic DNA isolates for the presence of usp A gene of E. coli. Multiplex PCR were conducted on plasmid DNA isolates for the resistance specific genes. Molecular resistance results in goat kids isolates showed resistance to antibiotics with tetracycline, sulphonamide, gentamycin, streptomycin and cephalothin to the level of 93.33, 53.33, 46.66, 13.33 & 6.66% respectively, whereas, human E. coli isolates were showed the highest resistance to sulphonamide, Tetracycline and β-lactams were as 53.33, 46.66 and 13.33% respectively but no resistance with gentamycin and streptomycin. Here, we concluded that humans and animals both were refractory to the various groups of antibiotics. This study will help in making the strategy for prevention or reduction of resistance in public
Effect of polyethylene glycol in plasmid DNA solution on transformation of CaCl2-treated Escherichia coli cells.