Erratum to: Characteristics, processes, and causes of the spatio-temporal variabilities of the East Asian monsoon system

Abstract A linear Markov model has been developed to predict the short-term climate variability of the East Asian monsoon system, with emphasis on precipitation variability. Precipitation, sea level pressure, zonal and meridional winds at 850 mb, along with sea surface temperature and soil moisture, were chosen to define the state of the East Asian monsoon system, and the multivariate empirical orthogonal functions of these variables were used to construct the statistical Markov model. The forecast skill of the model was evaluated in a cross-validated fashion and a series of sensitivity experiments were conducted to further validate the model. In both hindcast and forecast experiments, the model showed considerable skill in predicting the precipitation anomaly a few months in advance, especially in boreal winter and spring. The prediction in boreal summer was relatively poor, though the model performance was better in an ENSO decaying summer than in an ENSO developing summer. Also, the prediction skill was better over the ocean than the land. The model's forecast ability is attributed to the domination of the East Asian monsoon climate variability by a few distinctive modes in the coupled atmosphere–ocean–land system, to the strong influence of ENSO on these modes, and to the Markov model's capability to capture these modes.

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Past East Asian monsoon evolution controlled by paleogeography, not CO2

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.aax1697 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. eaax1697 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Alex Farnsworth ◽

Daniel J. Lunt ◽

Stuart A. Robinson ◽

Paul J. Valdes ◽

William H. G. Roberts ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Circulation ◽

Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Circulation Model ◽

Sea Breeze ◽

Human Society ◽

Integral Role ◽

Monsoon System ◽

Controlling Processes

The East Asian monsoon plays an integral role in human society, yet its geological history and controlling processes are poorly understood. Using a general circulation model and geological data, we explore the drivers controlling the evolution of the monsoon system over the past 150 million years. In contrast to previous work, we find that the monsoon is controlled primarily by changes in paleogeography, with little influence from atmospheric CO2. We associate increased precipitation since the Late Cretaceous with the gradual uplift of the Himalayan-Tibetan region, transitioning from an ITCZ-dominated monsoon to a sea breeze–dominated monsoon. The rising region acted as a mechanical barrier to cold and dry continental air advecting into the region, leading to increasing influence of moist air from the Indian Ocean/South China Sea. We show that, apart from a dry period in the middle Cretaceous, a monsoon system has existed in East Asia since at least the Early Cretaceous.

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Terrigenous sediment variations in the western South China Sea and their implications to East Asian monsoon evolution during the last glacial-interglacial cycle

Quaternary International ◽

10.1016/j.quaint.2021.02.008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 580 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Pham Nhu Sang ◽

Zhifei Liu

Keyword(s):

South China Sea ◽

South China ◽

Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Terrigenous Sediment ◽

China Sea ◽

Last Glacial ◽

Western South China Sea ◽

The Last Glacial

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Linking Holocene East Asian monsoon variability to solar forcing and ENSO activity: Multi-proxy evidence from a peatland in Northeastern China

The Holocene ◽

10.1177/0959683621994662 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095968362199466

Author(s):

Nannan Li ◽

Arash Sharifi ◽

Frank M Chambers ◽

Yong Ge ◽

Nathalie Dubois ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian Monsoon ◽

Asian Summer Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Northeastern China ◽

Solar Irradiation ◽

Enso Events ◽

Monsoon Area ◽

Wavelet Coherency ◽

Cross Wavelet

High-resolution proxy-based paleoenvironmental records derived from peatlands provide important insights into climate changes over centennial to millennial timescales. In this study, we present a composite climatic index (CCI) for the Hani peatland from northeastern China, based on an innovative combination of pollen-spore, phytolith, and grain size data. We use the CCI to reconstruct variations of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) intensity during the Holocene. This is accomplished with complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD), REDFIT, and cross-wavelet coherency analysis to reveal the periodicities (frequencies) of the multi-proxy derived CCI sequences and to assess potential external forcing of the EASM. The results showed that periodicities of ca. 300–350, 475, 600, 1075, and 1875 years were present in the Hani CCI sequence. Those periodicities are consistent with previously published periodicities in East Asia, indicating they are a product of external climate controls over an extensive region, rather than random variations caused by peatland-specific factors. Cross-wavelet coherency analysis between the decomposed CCI components and past solar activity reconstructions suggests that variations of solar irradiation are most likely responsible for the cyclic characteristics at 500-year frequency. We propose a conceptual model to interpret how the sun regulates the monsoon climate via coupling with oceanic and atmospheric circulations. It seems that slight solar irradiation changes can be amplified by coupling with ENSO events, which result in a significant impact on the regional climate in the East Asian monsoon area.

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Changes in Paleovegetation and Paleoclimate in China Since the Late Middle Pleistocene: A Case Study of the Dajiuhu Basin

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13094848 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 4848

Author(s):

Liwei Wu ◽

Xinling Li ◽

Qinghai Xu ◽

Manyue Li ◽

Qiufeng Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian Monsoon ◽

Asian Summer Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Central China ◽

Middle Pleistocene ◽

Pollen Record ◽

The Difference ◽

Late Middle Pleistocene

The East Asian monsoon system is an important part of global atmospheric circulation; however, records of the East Asian monsoon from different regions exhibit different evolutionary rhythms. Here, we show a high-resolution record of grain size and pollen data from a lacustrine sediment core of Dajiuhu Lake in Shennongjia, Hubei Province, China, in order to reconstruct the paleovegetation and paleoeclimate evolution of the Dajiuhu Basin since the late Middle Pleistocene (~237.9 ka to the present). The results show that grain size and pollen record of the core DJH-2 are consistent with the δ18O record of stalagmites from Sanbao Cave in the same area, which is closely related to the changes of insolation at the precessional (~20-kyr) scale in the Northern Hemisphere. This is different from the records of the Asian summer monsoon recorded in the Loess Plateau of North China, which exhibited dominant 100-kyr change cyclicities. We suggest that the difference between paleoclimatic records from North and South China is closely related to the east–west-oriented mountain ranges of the Qinling Mountains in central China that blocked weakened East Asia summer monsoons across the mountains during glacial periods.

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