Salivary gland extract from Ixodes ricinus tick modulates the host immune response towards the Th2 cytokine profile

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 1066-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubomír Kovář ◽  
Jan Kopecký ◽  
Blanka Říhová
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Cytokine Profile ◽  
Salivary Gland Extract ◽  
Th2 Cytokine ◽  
Gland Extract ◽  
Ricinus Tick

scholarly journals In vitro analysis of human immune response (IgG) against salivary gland extract of dengue vector from dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) endemic area in Jember, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 913 (1) ◽  
pp. 012090
Author(s):  
R Oktarianti ◽  
D R Damara ◽  
S U R Qudsiyah ◽  
S Wathon ◽  
K Senjarini
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Salivary Gland Extract ◽  
Gland Extract ◽  
Human Immune Response ◽  
Human Immune

Abstract The mosquito species Ae. aegyptiand Ae. albopictusare two potential vectors of dengue fever. The salivary glands of these species contain substances that play a role in the transmission of pathogens. These include vasodilators and immunomodulatory compounds. Immunomodulatory components can modulate the host immune system by producing specific antibodies (IgG). This study aims to investigate the human immune response (IgG) against the salivary gland extract of Ae. aegyptiand Ae. albopictus. Samples were collected from individuals who were Dengue patients, as well as healthy individuals and neonates from the Jember endemic area. Results show that the levels of IgG response vary across the individual. Generally, Dengue patients and healthy people in the DHF-endemic area had higher levels of IgG. The highest immune response was found in DHF patients, followed by healthy persons, and finally the neonate samples, respectively.

scholarly journals Dissociating effect of salivary gland extract from Ixodes ricinus on human fibroblasts: Potential impact on Borrelia transmission

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandine Boeuf ◽  
Gilles Schnell ◽  
Quentin Bernard ◽  
Aurelie Kern ◽  
Benoît Westermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Salivary Gland Extract ◽  
Gland Extract ◽  
Potential Impact

scholarly journals Tick Salivary Gland Extract Inhibits Killing ofBorrelia afzelii Spirochetes by Mouse Macrophages

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 575-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Kuthejlová ◽  
Jan Kopecký ◽  
Gabriela Štěpánová ◽  
Aleš Macela
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Salivary Gland Extract ◽  
Tick Saliva ◽  
Murine Macrophages ◽  
Gland Extract ◽  
Mouse Macrophages ◽  
Defense Molecules

ABSTRACT Salivary gland extract (SGE) from Ixodes ricinus ticks inhibited the killing of Borrelia afzelii spirochetes by murine macrophages. SGE also reduced the production of two major defense molecules of phagocytes, superoxide and nitric oxide. It is likely that the suppression of macrophage microbicidal mechanisms contributes to the inhibitory effect of tick saliva on the killing ofB. afzelii spirochetes, thus facilitating the transmission of this important pathogen.

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