Structural changes of the follicular cells during developmental stages of the malaria vector mosquitoes Anopheles pharoensis (Diptera: Culicidae) in Egypt

2014 ◽  
Vol 113 (11) ◽  
pp. 4233-4241
Author(s):  
Abeer S. Yamany ◽  
Fatma K. Adham ◽  
Heinz Mehlhorn
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Follicular Cells ◽  
Anopheles Pharoensis

scholarly journals Zebrafish structural development in Mueller-matrix scanning microscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aymeric Le Gratiet ◽  
Marta d’Amora ◽  
Marti Duocastella ◽  
Riccardo Marongiu ◽  
Artemi Bendandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Mueller Matrix ◽  
Fluorescence Probes ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Matrix Formalism ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Biological Organization

AbstractZebrafish are powerful animal models for understanding biological processes and the molecular mechanisms involved in different human diseases. Advanced optical techniques based on fluorescence microscopy have become the main imaging method to characterize the development of these organisms at the microscopic level. However, the need for fluorescence probes and the consequent high light doses required to excite fluorophores can affect the biological process under observation including modification of metabolic function or phototoxicity. Here, without using any labels, we propose an implementation of a Mueller-matrix polarimeter into a commercial optical scanning microscope to characterize the polarimetric transformation of zebrafish preserved at different embryonic developmental stages. By combining the full polarimetric measurements with statistical analysis of the Lu and Chipman mathematical decomposition, we demonstrate that it is possible to quantify the structural changes of the biological organization of fixed zebrafish embryos and larvae at the cellular scale. This convenient implementation, with low light intensity requirement and cheap price, coupled with the quantitative nature of Mueller-matrix formalism, can pave the way for a better understanding of developmental biology, in which label-free techniques become a standard tool to study organisms.

scholarly journals Development of the red algal parasite Vertebrata aterrimophila sp. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales) from New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren Preuss ◽  
Giuseppe Zuccarello
Keyword(s):  
Host Cell ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Cell Transformation ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Parasite Stage ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
Early Developmental

© 2019, © 2019 British Phycological Society. Parasitic red algae grow only on other red algae and have over 120 described species. Developmental studies in red algal parasites are few, although they have shown that secondary pit connections formed between parasite and host and proposed that this was an important process in successful parasitism. Furthermore, it was recorded that the transfer of parasite nuclei by these secondary pit connections led to different host cell effects. We used developmental studies to reconstruct early stages and any host cell effects of a parasite on Vertebrata aterrima. A mitochondrial marker (cox1) and morphological observations (light and fluorescence microscopy) were used to describe this new red algal parasite as Vertebrata aterrimophila sp. nov. Early developmental stages show that a parasite spore connects via secondary pit connections with a pericentral host cell after cuticle penetration. Developmental observations revealed a unique connection cell that grows into a ‘trunk-like’ structure. Host cell transformation after infection by the parasite included apparent increases in both carbohydrate concentrations and nuclear size, as well as structural changes. Analyses of molecular phylogenies and reproductive structures indicated that the closest relative of V. aterrimophila is its host, V. aterrima. Our study shows a novel developmental parasite stage (‘trunk-like’ cell) and highlights the need for further developmental studies to investigate the range of developmental patterns and host effects in parasitic red algae.

402. Cryopreservation of oocytes and follicular cells of the cane toad Bufo Marinus

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
K. H. Wooi ◽  
M. J. Mahony ◽  
J. M. Shaw ◽  
J. Clulow
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Slow Cool ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Follicular Cells ◽  
Slow Cooling ◽  
Technical Problems

Amphibians are currently the most threatened of all vertebrate groups with more than 30% of all known species in decline, facing extinction or recently extinct. Cryobanking of amphibian germ cells and reproductive tissues could be used to manage threatened species and provide insurance against extinction. However, cryopreservation of fully developed amphibian oocytes and whole embryos has not been achieved due to technical problems freezing such large cellular structures. As an alternative approach, we investigated the feasibility of developing protocols for the slow-cool freezing, storage and retrieval of developmentally competent amphibian ovarian follicles containing Stage I and II oocytes which are much smaller in size than later developmental stages. Ovarian follicles from euthanased Cane Toads were incubated in cryodiluents containing either glycerol or DMSO to assess cryoprotectant toxicity and response to slow cooling freezing protocols. The fluorescent live cell stain SYBR 14 and its counter stain propidium iodide was used to score the proportion of viable follicle cells before and after cryopreservation. Cryoprotectant type, concentration and exposure time all had significant effects (P < 0.05) on the viability of follicle cells, with significant interactions between these variables. Overall, glycerol was less toxic to follicle cells than DMSO. At higher concentrations, glycerol exerted high osmotic stress on oocytes, and there was evidence that DMSO triggered apoptosis in oocytes. The most effective cryopreservation protocol for stage I and II oocyte follicles resulted in a post-thaw recovery of a mean 70% of viable follicular cells. This protocol involved cryopreservation in 15% v/v glycerol, inclusion of seeding and temperature holding periods during cryopreservation, coupled with rapid thawing in a 30°C water bath. The successful cryopreservation of intact follicles in this study indicates the potential to recover functional ovarian tissues post cryopreservation for continuation of amphibian oogenesis in vitro or in vivo.

Histological technique to detect the physiological age of the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles pharoensis (Diptera: Culicidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer S. Yamany ◽  
Fathy Abdel‐Ghaffar ◽  
Saleh Al Quraishy ◽  
Ohoud Al‐Amri ◽  
Heinz Mehlhorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
Histological Technique ◽  
Vector Mosquito ◽  
Anopheles Pharoensis

Ontogeny, structure, and necrosis of trichomes on the epidermis of slipper spurge (Pedilanthus tithymaloides)

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1220-1222
Author(s):  
Y. S. Dave ◽  
N. D. Patel ◽  
K. S. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Early Developmental Stages ◽  
Early Developmental

The trichomes of slipper spurge (Pedilanthus tithymaloides Poit.) are uniseriate, curved, and branched or unbranched. The trichome originates by an enlargement of a single protodermal initial, which elongates and gradually becomes curved, septate, and branched. Cytoplasm is present only during its early developmental stages. Later its cytoplasm and nucleus undergo necrosis and its walls become thickened. The structural changes occur during the bilumenation of the basal cell. The distal part above the bilumenated basal cell of the trichome is finally shed and only the thick-walled basal cell remains.

scholarly journals MADRES E HIJOS DOS ETAPAS EVOLUTIVAS BENEFICIADAS POR LA INCLUSIÓN UNIVERSITARIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
María Julieta D'Avirro
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Las Mujeres

Abstract.MOTHERS AND SONS: TWO DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES, BENEFITTED BY UNIVERSITY INCLUSIONThis study explores the social representations about maternity and university students’ roles, in university students who are mothers, in José C. Paz National University, located in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The aim of this project is to analyze the influence of those representations on the permanence of the students – mothers in university. The methods to collect data are: semi-structured interview and free association words technique. It is expected that the data about the group studied will be useful to design inclusion strategies in function of the particular vulnerability of these women. Educative inclusion is defined by UNESCO as the process to identify and respond to the diversity of necessities of every student. To think about full university inclusion of students- mothers implies modifications in the determinant structures of university mechanisms, strategies and structural changes. Social representations explored in this investigation allow, not only to identify students’ needs, that influence in a substantial way in their academic integration, but also in their raising styles and their sons’ development. Preliminary results show that personal development experienced by these mothers who decide to study at university, not only influence positively their professional future, but also their motherhood present, making feel them closer to their sons and feeling different in front of their sons’ schools teachers and leaders.Key words: social representations - maternity – university – inclusionResumen.El proyecto que se presenta indaga las representaciones sociales (RRSS) sobre la maternidad y el rol de alumno universitario, en alumnas – madres de la Universidad Nacional de José C. Paz, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la influencia de tales RRSS en la permanencia de las alumnas madres en el ámbito universitario. Los métodos para la recolección de datos son: la entrevista semi-dirigida y la asociación libre de palabras. Se espera que los datos obtenidos acerca del grupo estudiado sean útiles para diseñar estrategias de inclusión en función de su perfil de especial vulnerabilidad. La inclusión educativa es definida por la UNESCO como el proceso de identificar y responder a la diversidad de las necesidades de todo estudiante, reduciendo la exclusión del sistema educativo. Pensar en la plena inclusión universitaria de las mujeres madres conlleva modificaciones en las estructuras determinantes del dispositivo universitario, cambios de estrategias y de estructuras. Las representaciones sociales exploradas en la investigación, permitieron identificar no sólo necesidades del alumnado, que impactan de modo crucial en su inserción académica, sino también el impacto de su inclusión universitaria en sus estilos de crianza y el desarrollo de sus hijos. Los resultados preliminares indican que el desarrollo personal de las mujeres madres que deciden comenzar o retomar sus estudios, no sólo influye positivamente en su futuro profesional y laboral, sino en su presente como madres, acercándolas a sus hijos y a las instituciones escolares donde asisten desde otro posicionamiento personal.Palabras clave: representaciones sociales – maternidad – universidad – inclusión

scholarly journals Development of the red algal parasite Vertebrata aterrimophila sp. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales) from New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren Preuss ◽  
Giuseppe Zuccarello
Keyword(s):  
Host Cell ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Cell Transformation ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Parasite Stage ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
Early Developmental

© 2019, © 2019 British Phycological Society. Parasitic red algae grow only on other red algae and have over 120 described species. Developmental studies in red algal parasites are few, although they have shown that secondary pit connections formed between parasite and host and proposed that this was an important process in successful parasitism. Furthermore, it was recorded that the transfer of parasite nuclei by these secondary pit connections led to different host cell effects. We used developmental studies to reconstruct early stages and any host cell effects of a parasite on Vertebrata aterrima. A mitochondrial marker (cox1) and morphological observations (light and fluorescence microscopy) were used to describe this new red algal parasite as Vertebrata aterrimophila sp. nov. Early developmental stages show that a parasite spore connects via secondary pit connections with a pericentral host cell after cuticle penetration. Developmental observations revealed a unique connection cell that grows into a ‘trunk-like’ structure. Host cell transformation after infection by the parasite included apparent increases in both carbohydrate concentrations and nuclear size, as well as structural changes. Analyses of molecular phylogenies and reproductive structures indicated that the closest relative of V. aterrimophila is its host, V. aterrima. Our study shows a novel developmental parasite stage (‘trunk-like’ cell) and highlights the need for further developmental studies to investigate the range of developmental patterns and host effects in parasitic red algae.

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