Volatile-rich magma injection into the feeding system during the 2001 eruption of Mt. Etna (Italy): its role on explosive activity and change in rheology of lavas

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1149-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo Ferlito ◽  
Marco Viccaro ◽  
Renato Cristofolini
Keyword(s):  
Feeding System ◽  
Explosive Activity ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
2001 Eruption

scholarly journals Monitoring the explosive activity of the July-August 2001 eruption of Mt. Etna (Italy) by ash characterization

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 71-1-71-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacopo Taddeucci ◽  
Massimo Pompilio ◽  
Piergiorgio Scarlato
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Activity ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
2001 Eruption

scholarly journals Combining High- and Low-Rate Geodetic Data Analysis for Unveiling Rapid Magma Transfer Feeding a Sequence of Violent Summit Paroxysms at Etna in Late 2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4630
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bonforte ◽  
Flavio Cannavò ◽  
Salvatore Gambino ◽  
Francesco Guglielmino
Keyword(s):  
Ground Deformation ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Rate Data ◽  
Scale Analysis ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Magma Sources ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Gnss Measurements ◽  
Low Rate

We propose a multi-temporal-scale analysis of ground deformation data using both high-rate tilt and GNSS measurements and the DInSAR and daily GNSS solutions in order to investigate a sequence of four paroxysmal episodes of the Voragine crater occurring in December 2015 at Mt. Etna (Italy). The analysis aimed at inferring the magma sources feeding a sequence of very violent eruptions, in order to understand the dynamics and to image the shallow feeding system of the volcano that enabled such a rapid magma accumulation and discharge. The high-rate data allowed us to constrain the sources responsible for the fast and violent dynamics of each paroxysm, while the cumulated deformation measured by DInSAR and daily GNSS solutions, over a period of 12 days encompassing the entire eruptive sequence, also showed the deeper part of the source involved in the considered period, where magma was stored. We defined the dynamics and rates of the magma transfer, with a middle-depth storage of gas-rich magma that charges, more or less continuously, a shallower level where magma stops temporarily, accumulating pressure due to the gas exsolution. This machine-gun-like mechanism could represent a general conceptual model for similar events at Etna and at all volcanoes.

Petrologic evidence of a complex plumbing system feeding the July–August 2001 eruption of Mt. Etna, Sicily, Italy

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Anna Corsaro ◽  
Lucia Miraglia ◽  
Massimo Pompilio
Keyword(s):  
Plumbing System ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
2001 Eruption

Chemical-physical constraints of the 2015 eruptive activity of Mt. Etna: new insights from thermo-barometry and geochemistry of olivine-hosted melt inclusions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pier Paolo Giacomoni ◽  
Federico Casetta ◽  
Virginia Valenti ◽  
Carmelo Ferlito ◽  
Gabriele Lanzafame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Melt Inclusions ◽  
New South ◽  
Basalt Magma ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Eruptive Event ◽  
North East ◽  
Central Crater ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
Crystallization Conditions

<p>The concomitant activation off all four summit craters of Mt. Etna during the December 2015 eruptive event allow us to investigate the chemical-physical crystallization conditions and magma dynamics in the shallower portion of the open-conduit feeding system. In this study, we discuss new petrological, geochemical and thermo-barometric data as well as the composition of major element and volatile content (H<sub>2</sub>O, CO<sub>2</sub>, F, Cl and S) of olivine-hosted melt inclusions from the explosive and effusive products emitted during the December 2015 eruptive event.</p><p>Results and rhyolite-MELTS thermodynamic modelling of mineral phase stability highlight the relatively shallow crystal equilibrium depth prior to the eruption ranging from 400-500 MPa for Central Crater and North East Crater, up to 200 MPa below the New South East Crater. The study of high-pressure and high-temperature homogenized olivine-hosted melt inclusions allowed us to identify the composition of the almost primary alkali-basalt magma (11.8 wt% MgO) containing up to 4.9 wt% and 8151 ppm of H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2 </sub>respectively. The results, together with those already reported for the previous paroxystic events of the 2011-2012 (Giacomoni et al., 2018), reinforce the model of a vertically extended feeding system and highlight that the activity at the New South East Crater was fed by a magma residing at significant shallower depth with respect to Central Craters and North East Crater, although all conduits are fed by a common deep (P = 530-440 MPa) basic magmatic refilling. Plagioclase stability model and dissolution and resorption textures confirm its dependence on H<sub>2</sub>O content, thus suggesting that further studies on the effect that flushing from fluids with different H<sub>2</sub>O/CO<sub>2</sub> ratio are needed in order to understand the eruption triggering mechanisms of paroxystic fountaining.</p><p> </p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>Giacomoni P., Coltorti M., Mollo S., Ferlito C., Braiato M., Scarlato P. 2018. The 2011-2012 paroxysmal eruptions at Mt. Etna volcano: Insights on the vertically zoned plumbing system. JVGR 349, 370-391.</p>

scholarly journals Finite element analysis of ground deformation due to dike intrusion with applications to Mt. Etna volcano

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Occhipinti Amato ◽  
M. Elia ◽  
A. Bonaccorso ◽  
G. La Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Elastic Half Space ◽  
Etna Volcano ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Dike Intrusion ◽  
Dislocation Models ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
Realistic Topography ◽  
2001 Eruption

A 2D finite elements study was carried out to analyse the effects caused by dike intrusion inside a heterogeneous medium and with a realistic topography of Mt. Etna volcano. Firstly, the method (dimension domain, elements type) was calibrated using plane strain models in elastic half-spaces; the results were compared with those obtained from analytical dislocation models. Then the effects caused both by the topographic variations and the presence of multi-layered medium on the surface, were studied. In particular, an application was then considered to Mt. Etna by taking into account the real topography and the stratification deduced from seismic tomography. In these conditions, the effects expected by the dike, employed to model the 2001 eruption under simple elastic half-space medium conditions, were computed, showing that topography is extremely important, at least in the near field.

The Large Explosive Activity of Mt. Etna as Recorded in Distal Tephrostratigraphy

2014 ◽  
pp. 1281-1283
Author(s):  
Roberto Sulpizio ◽  
Gianluca Groppelli ◽  
Donatella Insinga ◽  
Stefano Branca ◽  
Paola Del Carlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Activity ◽  
Mt Etna

Intrusive Mechanisms at Mt. Etna Forerunning the July-August 2001 Eruption from Seismic and Ground Deformation Data

2004 ◽  
Vol 161 (7) ◽  
pp. 1469-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bonaccorso ◽  
S. D’Amico ◽  
M. Mattia ◽  
D. Patanè
Keyword(s):  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
2001 Eruption

scholarly journals Tilt offset associated with local seismicity: the Mt. Etna January 9, 2001 seismic swarm.

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 514-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Gambino
Keyword(s):  
Local Stress ◽  
Tectonic Structure ◽  
Local Seismicity ◽  
Seismic Swarm ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Volcanic Source ◽  
Active Tectonic ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
Measured Deformation ◽  
2001 Eruption

AbstractOn the 9th of January 2001 a seismic swarm on the southeastern flank of Mt. Etna at 3.5 km beside sea level (b.s.l.), caused co-seismic variations on short and long baseline tiltmeters of the Mt. Etna permanent tilt network.Taking account of the geometry and mechanism of the active tectonic structure obtained by seismological studies, the theoretical tilt linked to the faulting source was calculated at multiple different recording stations. It was found that the amount of measured deformation exceeded that which was generated seismically, indicating that much of the deformation along the fault was aseismic.The 9 January 2001 episode represents a shear response to a local stress caused by a volcanic source that acted in the period preceding the 2001 eruption. Tilt data also suggest a marked slip of 70-140 cm along the fault, probably due to the presence of fluids.

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