Reconstructing lava flow emplacement histories with rheological and morphological analyses: the Harrat Rahat volcanic field, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah R. Dietterich ◽  
Drew T. Downs ◽  
Mark E. Stelten ◽  
Hani Zahran
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Lava Flow ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Harrat Rahat ◽  
Lava Flow Emplacement

scholarly journals Geologic map of the northern Harrat Rahat volcanic field, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew T. Downs ◽  
Joel E. Robinson ◽  
Mark E. Stelten ◽  
Duane E. Champion ◽  
Hannah R. Dietterich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Harrat Rahat ◽  
Geologic Map

Late Holocene lava flow morphotypes of northern Harrat Rahat, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Implications for the description of continental lava fields

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 131-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Murcia ◽  
K. Németh ◽  
M.R. Moufti ◽  
J.M. Lindsay ◽  
N. El-Masry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Lava Flow ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Harrat Rahat

Timescales of magmatic differentiation from alkali basalt to trachyte within the Harrat Rahat volcanic field, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 173 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Stelten ◽  
Drew T. Downs ◽  
Hannah R. Dietterich ◽  
Gail A. Mahood ◽  
Andrew T. Calvert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Alkali Basalt ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Magmatic Differentiation ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Harrat Rahat

Crustal structure of the northern Harrat Rahat volcanic field (Saudi Arabia) from gravity and aeromagnetic data

2019 ◽  
Vol 750 ◽  
pp. 9-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.E. Langenheim ◽  
B.T. Ritzinger ◽  
Hani Zahran ◽  
Adel Shareef ◽  
Maher Al-dahri
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Crustal Structure ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Aeromagnetic Data ◽  
Harrat Rahat

The timing and compositional evolution of volcanism within northern Harrat Rahat, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1381-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Stelten ◽  
Drew T. Downs ◽  
Duane E. Champion ◽  
Hannah R. Dietterich ◽  
Andrew T. Calvert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Eruption Rate ◽  
Compositional Evolution ◽  
The North ◽  
Harrat Rahat ◽  
Volcanic Deposits ◽  
Geologic Map ◽  
Compositional Variations ◽  
Exposure Ages

Abstract Harrat Rahat, one of several large, basalt-dominated volcanic fields in western Saudi Arabia, is a prime example of continental, intraplate volcanism. Excellent exposure makes this an outstanding site to investigate changing volcanic flux and composition through time. We present 93 40Ar/39Ar ages and six 36Cl surface-exposure ages for volcanic deposits throughout northern Harrat Rahat that, when integrated with a new geologic map, define 12 eruptive stages. Exposed volcanic deposits in the study area erupted <1.2 Ma, and 214 of 234 eruptions occurred <570 ka. Two eruptions occurred in the Holocene, including a historically described basalt eruption in 1256 C.E. and a trachyte eruption newly recognized as Holocene (4.2 ± 5.2 ka). An estimated ∼82 km3 (dense rock equivalent) of volcanic product have erupted since 1.2 Ma, though this is a lower limit due to concealment of deposits >570 ka. Over the past 570 k.y., the average eruption rate was 0.14 km3/k.y., but volcanism was episodic with periods alternating between low (0.04–0.06 km3/k.y.) and high (0.1–0.3 km3/k.y.) effusion rates. Before 180 ka, eruptions vented from the volcanic field’s dominant eastern vent axis and from a subsidiary, diffuse, western vent axis. After 180 ka, volcanism focused along the eastern vent axis, and the composition of volcanism varied systematically along its length from basalt dominated in the north to trachyte dominated in the south. We hypothesize that these compositional variations <180 ka reflect the growth of a mafic intrusive complex beneath the southern portion of the vent axis, which led to the development of evolved magmas.

Geoheritage values of one of the largest maar craters in the Arabian Peninsula: the Al Wahbah Crater and other volcanoes (Harrat Kishb, Saudi Arabia)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Moufti ◽  
Károly Németh ◽  
Nabil El-Masry ◽  
Atef Qaddah
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Lava Flow ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Volcanic Hazards ◽  
Scoria Cone ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Flow Surface ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
A Site ◽  
Tephra Ring

AbstractAl Wahbah Crater is one of the largest and deepest Quaternary maar craters in the Arabian Peninsula. It is NW-SE-elongated, ∼2.3 km wide, ∼250 m deep and surrounded by an irregular near-perpendicular crater wall cut deeply into the Proterozoic diorite basement. Very few scientific studies have been conducted on this unique site, especially in respect to understanding the associated volcanic eruption processes. Al Wahbah and adjacent large explosion craters are currently a research subject in an international project, Volcanic Risk in Saudi Arabia (VORiSA). The focus of VORiSA is to characterise the volcanic hazards and eruption mechanisms of the vast volcanic fields in Western Saudi Arabia, while also defining the unique volcanic features of this region for use in future geoconservation, geoeducation and geotourism projects. Al Wahbah is inferred to be a maar crater that formed due to an explosive interaction of magma and water. The crater is surrounded by a tephra ring that consists predominantly of base surge deposits accumulated over a pre-maar scoria cone and underlying multiple lava flow units. The tephra ring acted as an obstacle against younger lava flows that were diverted along the margin of the tephra ring creating unique lava flow surface textures that recorded inflation and deflation processes along the margin of the post-maar lava flow. Al Wahbah is a unique geological feature that is not only a dramatic landform but also a site that can promote our understanding of complex phreatomagmatic monogenetic volcanism. The complex geological features perfectly preserved at Al Wahbah makes this site as an excellent geotope and a potential centre of geoeducation programs that could lead to the establishment of a geopark in the broader area at the Kishb Volcanic Field.

The Al-Du’aythah volcanic cones, Al-Madinah City: implications for volcanic hazards in northern Harrat Rahat, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Murcia ◽  
K. Németh ◽  
N. N. El-Masry ◽  
J. M. Lindsay ◽  
M. R. H. Moufti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Volcanic Hazards ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Harrat Rahat
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