Diagnosis of Sarcopenic Dysphagia in the Elderly: Critical Review and Future Perspectives

Dysphagia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Abu-Ghanem ◽  
Alexander Graf ◽  
Jigar Govind
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Sarcopenic Dysphagia

scholarly journals Nanobioconjugates for Signal Amplification in Electrochemical Biosensing

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 3542
Author(s):  
Sebastian Cajigas ◽  
Jahir Orozco
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Signal Amplification ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensing ◽  
Signal Response

Nanobioconjugates are hybrid materials that result from the coalescence of biomolecules and nanomaterials. They have emerged as a strategy to amplify the signal response in the biosensor field with the potential to enhance the sensitivity and detection limits of analytical assays. This critical review collects a myriad of strategies for the development of nanobioconjugates based on the conjugation of proteins, antibodies, carbohydrates, and DNA/RNA with noble metals, quantum dots, carbon- and magnetic-based nanomaterials, polymers, and complexes. It first discusses nanobioconjugates assembly and characterization to focus on the strategies to amplify a biorecognition event in biosensing, including molecular-, enzymatic-, and electroactive complex-based approaches. It provides some examples, current challenges, and future perspectives of nanobioconjugates for the amplification of signals in electrochemical biosensing.

Outcome following traumatic brain injury in the elderly: a critical review

Brain Injury ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 749-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Rapoport, Anthony Feinstein
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
The Elderly

scholarly journals Normal-pressure hydrocephalus: A critical review

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Makarem Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Nitrini ◽  
Gustavo C. Román
Keyword(s):  
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Urinary Infections ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Surgical Treatments

ABSTRACT. Normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a potentially reversible syndrome characterized by enlarged cerebral ventricles (ventriculomegaly), cognitive impairment, gait apraxia and urinary incontinence. A critical review of the concept, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of both idiopathic and secondary NPH was conducted. We searched Medline and PubMed databases from January 2012 to December 2018 using the keywords “normal-pressure hydrocephalus” / “idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus” / “secondary normal-pressure hydrocephalus” / “NPH” / “ventriculoperitoneal shunt”. The initial search produced 341 hits. After careful selection, a total of 54 articles were chosen and additional relevant studies were included during the process of writing this article. NPH is an important cause of potentially reversible dementia, frequent falls and recurrent urinary infections in the elderly. The clinical and imaging features of NPH may be incomplete or nonspecific, posing a diagnostic challenge for medical doctors and often requiring expert assessment to minimize unsuccessful surgical treatments. Recent advances resulting from the use of non-invasive MRI methods for quantifying cerebral blood flow, in particular arterial spin-labeling (ASL), and the frequent association of NPH and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), offer new avenues to understand and treat NPH.

Knowledge and Use of Services by the Elderly: A Critical Review of the Literature

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Krout
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Service Use ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Informal Networks ◽  
Services Utilization ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Use Of Services ◽  
Research Findings

This article critically reviews the existing literature on the perceptions, knowledge, and use of services by the elderly. Definitive statements concerning these topics are difficult to make because of the contradictory research findings and inadequacies of existing studies. However, the following observations are supported by this review: many elderly do not hold positive attitudes towards services, a bare majority appear aware of services, utilization rates are extremely low, and the correlates of service use are not well understood. In addition, this article identifies a number of weaknesses with the existing research and discusses the following specific recommendations for improvement: conceptualization and operationalization of knowledge and use as continuums, not as discrete phenomena, examination of the processes by which individuals come to know of and use services, and consideration of the roles played by informal networks as facilitators or deterrents to knowledge and use of services.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document