Epigenetic marks in the Hyacinthus orientalis L. mature pollen grain and during in vitro pollen tube growth

ABSTRACT The sugar apple is highly dependent on the pollination and fruit tree pollen performance is crucial for successful fertilization and fruit set. The objective of this study was to determine the cardinal temperatures for in vitro pollen grains germination and evaluate the effect of temperature on pollen tube growth of sugar apple. The experimental design was in a completely randomized with eight treatments (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 ºC), four replicates and each plot was constituted by two slides per parcel. The cardinal temperatures were determined by evaluating in vitro germination of pollen grains and pollen tube growth in standard culture medium. It also assessed the pollen tube growth and the percentage of germination in vitro depending on the type of pollen grain arrangement (monad, dyad, triad and tetrad). In vitro germination of pollen grains and pollen tube growth varied significantly with temperature. The maximum germination recorded (48.13%) and the maximum lengths of pollen tubes (536.45 μm) were obtained when pollen grains were cultivated at 25 ºC. The estimated cardinal temperatures were 9.7, 26.9 and 44.2 ºC. Among the pollen grain arrangements, tetrads pollen grains were observed in higher proportions, however, monads pollen grains presented higher germination percentage.

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Pollen performance and male fitness in an anemophilous, monoecious tree, Betula pendula

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b04-069 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 82 (9) ◽

pp. 1284-1291 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Päivi Pietarinen ◽

Hanna-Leena Pasonen

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Pollen Tube ◽

Pollen Tube Growth ◽

Betula Pendula ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Pollen Grain ◽

Tube Growth ◽

Pollen Tube Growth Rate ◽

Pollen Grain Size

Betula pendula Roth clones were examined to study the relationship between pollen grain size and pollen tube growth rate and pollen and seed performance. Two hypotheses were tested: (i) pollen donors with larger pollen grains have faster growing pollen tubes and (ii) maternal plants produce more seeds when inflorescences have been pollinated by pollen from donors with fast pollen tube growth. Pollen from 15 plants was collected, and pollen grain sizes and pollen tube growth rates were studied in vitro. Eight maternal clones were pollinated by pollen from seven paternal clones, pollen tube growth rates of the pollen donors were measured on each maternal plant, and the number and mass of the resulting seeds were analysed. There was no correlation between pollen grain size and pollen tube growth rate in vitro. Also, there was no relationship between pollen tube growth rate and the number of produced or aborted seeds. Thus, the hypothesis that larger pollen grains would have longer pollen tubes was not supported by the present study. The results of the present study do not support the idea that pollen donors with fast pollen tube growth should sire more and better seeds.Key words: Betula pendula, female choice, nonrandom abortion, pollen competition, sexual selection.

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IN VITRO GERMINATION AND POLLEN TUBE GROWTH OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) POLLEN. X. POLLEN SOURCE GENOTYPE AND GIBBERELLIN A3INTERACTIONS*

Acta Botanica Neerlandica ◽

10.1111/j.1438-8677.1982.tb01596.x ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 31 (1-2) ◽

pp. 105-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. L. Pfahler ◽

M. Wilcox ◽

D. L. Mulcahy ◽

D. A. Knauft

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Pollen Tube ◽

Pollen Tube Growth ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Tube Growth ◽

In Vitro Germination

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Hyperoside promotes pollen tube growth by regulating the depolymerization effect of actin-depolymerizing factor 1 on microfilaments in okra

Horticulture Research ◽

10.1038/s41438-021-00578-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Biying Dong ◽

Qing Yang ◽

Zhihua Song ◽

Lili Niu ◽

Hongyan Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pollen Tube ◽

Pollen Tube Growth ◽

Pollen Germination ◽

Pollen Tubes ◽

Tube Growth ◽

Actin Depolymerizing Factor ◽

Specific Mechanism ◽

Promoting Effect ◽

New Research

AbstractMature pollen germinates rapidly on the stigma, extending its pollen tube to deliver sperm cells to the ovule for fertilization. The success of this process is an important factor that limits output. The flavonoid content increased significantly during pollen germination and pollen tube growth, which suggests it may play an important role in these processes. However, the specific mechanism of this involvement has been little researched. Our previous research found that hyperoside can prolong the flowering period of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra), but its specific mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we focused on the effect of hyperoside in regulating the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF), which further affects the germination and growth of pollen. We found that hyperoside can prolong the effective pollination period of okra by 2–3-fold and promote the growth of pollen tubes in the style. Then, we used Nicotiana benthamiana cells as a research system and found that hyperoside accelerates the depolymerization of intercellular microfilaments. Hyperoside can promote pollen germination and pollen tube elongation in vitro. Moreover, AeADF1 was identified out of all AeADF genes as being highly expressed in pollen tubes in response to hyperoside. In addition, hyperoside promoted AeADF1-mediated microfilament dissipation according to microfilament severing experiments in vitro. In the pollen tube, the gene expression of AeADF1 was reduced to 1/5 by oligonucleotide transfection. The decrease in the expression level of AeADF1 partially reduced the promoting effect of hyperoside on pollen germination and pollen tube growth. This research provides new research directions for flavonoids in reproductive development.

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In Vitro Germination of Eucalyptus Pollen: Response to Variation in Boric Acid and Sucrose

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt9890429 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 37 (5) ◽

pp. 429 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

BM Potts ◽

JB Marsden-Smedley

Keyword(s):

Pollen Tube ◽

Boric Acid ◽

Pollen Tube Growth ◽

Pollen Germination ◽

Sucrose Concentration ◽

Response Surfaces ◽

Tube Growth ◽

Pollen Competition

The effect of boric acid (0-450 ppm) and sucrose (0-40%) on pollen germination and pollen tube growth in Eucalyptus globulus, E. morrisbyi, E. ovata and E. tirnigera was examined in vitro. Over the con- centrations tested, sucrose had by far the largest effect upon both pollen germination and tube lengths. The optimum sucrose concentration for pollen germination (30%) and pollen tube growth (20%) differed markedly with very little (<lo%) germination occurring in the absence of sucrose. The interaction of sucrose and boric acid was significant. However, in general both pollen germination and pollen tube growth were increased by the addition of up to 100 ppm boric acid, but above this level the response plateauxed. The four species differed significantly in their pattern of response to both boric acid and sucrose and the predicted optima derived from analysis of response surfaces differed between species. The predicted sucrose concentration for optimal germination and growth of E. urnigera pollen was consistently less than the other species and in terms of the optimal level of boric acid for pollen tube growth species can be ranked in the order E. globulus > E. ovata > E. morrisbyi = E. urnigera. Pollen germination and tube growth of all four species on a medium comprising 20% sucrose and 200 ppm boric acid would not differ significantly from the observed maximum response of each species and this could suffice as a generalised medium. However, if only percentage germination is to be assessed 30% sucrose would be preferable. It is argued that subtle interspecific differences in optimal in vitro con- ditions for pollen germination and pollen tube growth are likely to reflect differences in pollen physiology which in vivo may have important implications for the success of hybridisation where pollen competition occurs.

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Transcriptome and translatome changes in germinated pollen under heat stress uncover roles of transporter genes involved in pollen tube growth

10.1101/2020.05.29.122937 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laetitia Poidevin ◽

Javier Forment ◽

Dilek Unal ◽

Alejandro Ferrando

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Heat Stress ◽

High Temperature ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Pollen Tube ◽

Pollen Tube Growth ◽

Tube Growth ◽

Heat Shock Genes ◽

Germinated Pollen

ABSTRACTPlant reproduction is one key biological process very sensitive to heat stress and, as a consequence, enhanced global warming poses serious threats to food security worldwide. In this work we have used a high-resolution ribosome profiling technology to study how heat affects both the transcriptome and the translatome of Arabidopsis thaliana pollen germinated in vitro. Overall, a high correlation between transcriptional and translational responses to high temperature was found, but specific regulations at the translational level were also present. We show that bona fide heat shock genes are induced by high temperature indicating that in vitro germinated pollen is a suitable system to understand the molecular basis of heat responses. Concurrently heat induced significant down-regulation of key membrane transporters required for pollen tube growth, thus uncovering heat-sensitive targets. We also found that a large subset of the heat-repressed transporters is specifically up-regulated, in a coordinated manner, with canonical heat-shock genes in pollen tubes grown in vitro and semi in vivo, based on published transcriptomes from Arabidopsis thaliana. Ribosome footprints were also detected in gene sequences annotated as non-coding, highlighting the potential for novel translatable genes and translational dynamics.

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Pollen tube incompatibility reaction on the stigma in selfpollinated Sinapis alba L.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae ◽

10.5586/asbp.1996.017 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 65 (1-2) ◽

pp. 101-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Renata Śnieżko ◽

Krystyna Winiarczyk

Keyword(s):

Pollen Tube ◽

Pollen Tube Growth ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Pollen Tubes ◽

Sinapis Alba ◽

Pollen Grain ◽

Tube Growth ◽

Sinapis Alba L ◽

Growth Changes ◽

Incompatibility Reaction

After selfpollination of <em>Sinapis alba</em> L. pollen tubes growth is inhibited on the stigma. The pollen grains germinate 3-4 hours after pollination. The pollen give rise to one or more pollen tubes. They grow along the papillae. In the place of contact between the papilla and pollen tube the pellicula is digested. Then the direction of pollen tube growth changes completely. Pollen tubes grow back on the exine of their own pollen grain, or turn into the air. The pollen tubes growth was inhibited in 6-8 hours after selfpollination. After crosspollination usually there is no incompatibility reaction.

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