Mid-Eocene sea surface cooling in the easternmost proto-Paratethys sea: constraints from quantitative temperatures in halite fluid inclusions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xu ◽  
Yangtong Cao ◽  
Chenglin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Inclusions ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Sea Surface Cooling

scholarly journals The Effect of Atmosphere–Ocean Coupling on the Structure and Intensity of Tropical Cyclone Bejisa in the Southwest Indian Ocean

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
Soline Bielli ◽  
Christelle Barthe ◽  
Olivier Bousquet ◽  
Pierre Tulet ◽  
Joris Pianezze
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Ocean Mixed Layer ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Southwest Indian Ocean ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Sea Surface Cooling ◽  
The Impact

A set of numerical simulations is relied upon to evaluate the impact of air-sea interactions on the behaviour of tropical cyclone (TC) Bejisa (2014), using various configurations of the coupled ocean-atmosphere numerical system Meso-NH-NEMO. Uncoupled (SST constant) as well as 1D (use of a 1D ocean mixed layer) and 3D (full 3D ocean) coupled experiments are conducted to evaluate the impact of the oceanic response and dynamic processes, with emphasis on the simulated structure and intensity of TC Bejisa. Although the three experiments are shown to properly capture the track of the tropical cyclone, the intensity and the spatial distribution of the sea surface cooling show strong differences from one coupled experiment to another. In the 1D experiment, sea surface cooling (∼1 ∘C) is reduced by a factor 2 with respect to observations and appears restricted to the depth of the ocean mixed layer. Cooling is maximized along the right-hand side of the TC track, in apparent disagreement with satellite-derived sea surface temperature observations. In the 3D experiment, surface cooling of up to 2.5 ∘C is simulated along the left hand side of the TC track, which shows more consistency with observations both in terms of intensity and spatial structure. In-depth cooling is also shown to extend to a much deeper depth, with a secondary maximum of nearly 1.5 ∘C simulated near 250 m. With respect to the uncoupled experiment, heat fluxes are reduced from about 20% in both 1D and 3D coupling configurations. The tropical cyclone intensity in terms of occurrence of 10-m TC wind is globally reduced in both cases by about 10%. 3D-coupling tends to asymmetrize winds aloft with little impact on intensity but rather a modification of the secondary circulation, resulting in a slight change in structure.

Satellite observations of sea surface cooling by hurricanes

1986 ◽  
Vol 91 (C4) ◽  
pp. 5031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lothar Stramma ◽  
Peter Cornillon ◽  
James F. Price
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Sea Surface Cooling

scholarly journals Processes setting the characteristics of sea surface cooling induced by tropical cyclones

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (C2) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel M. Vincent ◽  
Matthieu Lengaigne ◽  
Gurvan Madec ◽  
Jérôme Vialard ◽  
Guillaume Samson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Sea Surface Cooling

scholarly journals An oceanic pathway for Madden–Julian Oscillation influence on Maritime Continent Tropical Cyclones

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthik Balaguru ◽  
L. Ruby Leung ◽  
Samson M. Hagos ◽  
Sujith Krishnakumar
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Maritime Continent ◽  
Large Scale Circulation ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Sea Surface Cooling

AbstractWhile the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) has been shown to affect tropical cyclones (TCs) worldwide through its modulation of large-scale circulation in the atmosphere, little or no role for the ocean has been identified to date in this influence of MJO on TCs. Using observations and numerical model simulations, we demonstrate that MJO events substantially impact TCs over the Maritime Continent (MC) region through an oceanic pathway. While propagating across the MC region, MJO events cause significant sea surface cooling with an area-averaged value of about 0.35 ± 0.12 °C. Hence, TCs over the MC region immediately following the passage of MJO events encounter considerably cooler sea surface temperatures. Consequently, the enthalpy fluxes under the storms are reduced and the intensification rates decrease by more than 50% on average. These results highlight an important role played by the ocean in facilitating MJO-induced sub-seasonal variability in TC activity over the MC region.

scholarly journals Extreme Sea-Surface Cooling Induced by Eddy Heat Advection During Tropical Cyclone in the North Western Pacific Ocean

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhua Qiu ◽  
Hong Liang ◽  
Xiujun Sun ◽  
Huabin Mao ◽  
Dongxiao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
Heat Advection ◽  
Sea Surface Cooling ◽  
Wave Glider

A tropical cyclone (TC) usually induces strong sea-surface cooling due to vertical mixing. In turn, surface cooling influences the intensities and tracks of TCs. Therefore, the relationship between sea-surface temperature (SST) and TC is one of the important components of air-sea interaction. Sea-surface cooling associated with three TCs (Bailu, Lingling, and Mitag) was investigated based on wave-glider observations, satellite altimetry, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology General Circulation Model (MITgcm) numerical experiments from August 3rd to October 10th, 2019. Surface cooling varied among the three TCs. TC Lingling had the nearest distance to the wave-glider position, the slowest translation speed, and the strongest intensity of three TCs, but extreme cooling (1.4) occurred during TC Bailu. Although MITgcm underestimated the extreme cooling, the SST trend driven by the net heat flux, advection, and vertical mixing within the mixed layer was greater during TC Bailu than during other TCs. Advection was the largest of the three heat balance terms during TC Bailu, while it was quite small during the other two TCs. Interestingly, the extreme cooling occurred at the position of preexisting warm eddy. Based on heat balance analysis, we found that the eddy-induced heat advection transport reached −0.4/day, contributing 60% of the heat balance; this was attributed to extreme cooling via eddy disturbance. We suggest TC Bailu leads to the decrease in SST and increase in the area of the cold eddy, and then, the cooled-enlarged eddy is advected to the neighbored position of wave glider, which observes the extreme cooling. These findings provide the utilization of wave gliders and help improve air-sea coupled models during TCs.

Interannual variability in the sea surface cooling induced by tropical cyclones in the South China Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Juan Ouyang ◽  
Chunhua Qiu ◽  
Zhenhui Yi ◽  
Dongxiao Wang ◽  
Danyi Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The South ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Sea Surface Cooling
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