Protective effects of the free radical scavenger edaravone against glutamate neurotoxicity in nearly pure neuronal culture

Noni, a Hawaiian name for the fruit of Morinda citrifolia L., is a traditional medicinal plant from Polynesia widely used for the treatment of many diseases including arthritis, diabetes, asthma, hypertension and cancer. Here, a commercial noni juice (TNJ) was evaluated for its protective activities against the lesions induced by mitomycin C (MMC) and doxorrubicin (DXR) using the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. Three-day-old larvae, trans-heterozygous for two genetic markers (mwh and flr3 ), were co-treated with TNJ plus MMC or DXR. We have observed a reduction in genotoxic effects of MMC and DXR caused by the juice. TNJ provoked a marked decrease in all kinds of MMC- and DXR-induced mutant spots, mainly due to its antirecombinagenic activity. The TNJ protective effects were concentration-dependent, indicating a dose-response correlation, that can be attributed to a powerful antioxidant and/or free radical scavenger ability of TNJ.

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Protective Effects of Free Radical Scavenger Edaravone Against Xanthine Oxidase–Mediated Permeability Increases in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Monolayer

Journal of Burn Care & Research ◽

10.1097/bcr.0b013e318198a639 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 335-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ken Mukojima ◽

Shiro Mishima ◽

Jun Oda ◽

Hiroshi Homma ◽

Hirokazu Sasaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Epithelial Cell ◽

Xanthine Oxidase ◽

Intestinal Epithelial Cell ◽

Cell Monolayer ◽

Free Radical Scavenger ◽

Radical Scavenger ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Intestinal Epithelial ◽

Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell

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CARVEDILOL, A NEW β-BLOCKER, VASODILATOR AND FREE RADICAL SCAVENGER, EXERTS PROTECTIVE EFFECTS IN RAT SPLANCHNIC ISCHEMIA AND REPERFUSION.

Shock ◽

10.1097/00024382-199506002-00045 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

T. Christopher ◽

B. Lopez ◽

T. Yue ◽

G. Feuerstein ◽

R. Ruffolo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Free Radical Scavenger ◽

Radical Scavenger ◽

Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Splanchnic Ischemia ◽

Β Blocker

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Enterochromaffin cells as the source of melatonin: key findings and functional relevance in mammals

Melatonin Research ◽

10.32794/mr11250041 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 61-82

Author(s):

Palash K. Pal ◽

Swaimanti Sarkar ◽

Aindrila Chattopadhyay ◽

Dunxian X Tan ◽

Debasish Bandyopadhyay

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Free Radical ◽

Critical Role ◽

Free Radical Scavenger ◽

Radical Scavenger ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Gi Tract ◽

Food Residue ◽

Ec Cells ◽

Functional Relevance

The enteroendocrine cells in gastrointestinal (GI) tract synthesize more than thirty hormones in mammals. Among these cells, the enterochromaffin (EC) cells are probably the most important one due to the fact that they produce melatonin. The rate-limiting enzymes for melatonin synthesis including arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase (AANAT, currently the SNAT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT, currently the ASMT) have been identified in EC cells and this has confirmed the local melatonin production in GI tract by these cells. EC cells play a critical role in regulation of gastrointestinal physiology, particularly, in protection of the GI tract from free radical attack and inflammatory reaction. GI tract is the major site exposed to the oxidative stress and inflammation because of the food residue metabolism and the presence of trillions of microbes including the pathological bacteria. Thus, it requires strong protection. Melatonin synthesized by the EC cells provides the onsite protection in GI tract since this molecule is the potent free radical scavenger and effective ant-inflammatory agent. In this review we summarize the available information regarding the structural and functional variability of the EC cells as well as their pathophysiological roles in the GI tract. The focus is given to the protective effects of melatonin produced by the EC cells on the oxidative stress, inflammation and microbiota balance in GI tract.

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