scholarly journals The relationship between the cervical spinal canal diameter and the pathological changes in the cervical spine

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Morishita ◽  
Masatoshi Naito ◽  
Henry Hymanson ◽  
Masashi Miyazaki ◽  
Guizhong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Cervical Spinal Canal ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Computerized Tomography-Based Morphometric Analysis of Cervical Spinal Canal in Central Indian Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 274-277
Author(s):  
Ambuj Kumar ◽  
Subhash Sahu ◽  
Shivank Sethi ◽  
Shailendra Ratre ◽  
Vijay Parihar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cervical Spinal Canal ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objective Normal cervical spine canal morphometry is critical for understanding the pathology of certain diseases and for proper preoperative planning. Computerized tomography (CT) scan can replace older conventional radiography techniques by providing more accurate morphometric measurements. This study was aimed to find out various dimensions of the cervical spinal canal of central Indian population. Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted including 100 consecutive cervical spine CT scan of asymptomatic adult subjects. The anteroposterior sagittal canal diameter (SCD), transverse canal diameter (TCD), canal surface area (CSA), and Pavlov-Torg Ratio (PTR) from C2 to C7 were calculated. Statistical Analysis Data were entered in Microsoft Excel Sheet 2007 and statistical analysis was performed by IBM SPSS statistics 2.0 version. p-Value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results Age ranged from 18 years to 77 years with mean age 39.5 years. There was no significant difference in all the dimensions (SCD, TCD, CSA) in male and female except at C2 level, where SCD, TCD, and CSA were significant larger in male. The mean SCD, TCD, and CSA is largest at C2 level (14.4 ± 1.63 mm, 21.57 ± 1.59 mm, and 156.20 ± 24.98 mm2, respectively) and smallest at C4 level (12.77 ± 1.48 mm, 20.37 ± 1.72 mm, and 130.42 ± 21.20 mm2). PTR showed very little variation. Conclusion Normal values of cervical spinal canal could serve as a future reference. CT scan provides more accurate measurement. More studies are needed as there could be variations in dimensions in different regions in India.

scholarly journals Fiberoptic bronchoscopy versus video laryngoscopy guided intubation in patients with craniovertebral junction instability: A cinefluroscopic comparison

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Sanket Agrawal ◽  
Pravin Salunke ◽  
Shailesh Gupta ◽  
Amlan Swain ◽  
Kiran Jangra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy ◽  
Craniovertebral Junction ◽  
Cervical Spinal Canal ◽  
Bony Landmarks ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Upper Cervical

Background: Manipulation during endotracheal intubation in patients with craniovertebral junction (CVJ) anomalies may cause neurological deterioration due to underlying instability. Fiberoptic-bronchoscopy (FOB) is better than video laryngoscope (VL) for minimizing cervical spine movement during intubation. However, evidence suggesting superiority of FOB in patients with CVJ instability is lacking. We prospectively compared dynamic movements of the upper cervical spine during intubation using FOB with VL in patients with CVJ anomalies. Methods: A prospective, randomized, and clinical trial was conducted in 62 patients of American Society of Anaesthesiologist Grade I-II aged between 12 and 65 years with CVJ anomalies. Patients were randomized for intubation under general anesthesia with either VL or FOB. The intubation process was done with application of skeletal traction and recorded cinefluroscopically. The dynamic interrelationship of bony landmarks (horizontal, vertical, and diagonal distances between fixed points on posterior C1 and C2) was analyzed to indirectly calculate alteration of the upper cervical spinal canal diameter (at CVJ). Atlanto-dental interval (ADI) was calculated wherever possible. Results: The alteration in canal diameter (using bony landmarks) at CVJ during intubation was not significant with the use of either VL or FOB (P > 0.05). In 41 patients, where ADI could be measured, ADI was reduced (increased spinal canal diameter) in a greater number of patients in VL group when compared to FOB group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Using rigid skull traction, intubation under general anesthesia with VL offers similar advantage as FOB in terms of the spinal kinematics in patients with CVJ anomalies/instability. Nevertheless, greater number of patients intubated with VL may have an advantage of increased cervical spinal canal diameter when compared to FOB.

Comparison of cervical spinal canal diameter between younger and elder generations of Japanese

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-Ichi Goto ◽  
Jutaro Umehara ◽  
Toshimi Aizawa ◽  
Shoichi Kokubun
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Cervical Spinal Canal ◽  
Canal Diameter

Artificial Pedicle Screw Reconstruction of the Cervical Spine after Lateral Paramedian Transpedicular Approach for Lesions of the Ventral Cervical Spinal Canal

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. ONS-281-ONS-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank L. Acosta ◽  
Christopher P. Ames
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Spinal Stability ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Transpedicular Approach ◽  
Spinal Lesions ◽  
Cervical Spinal Canal ◽  
Cervical Pedicle ◽  
Lateral Mass Screws ◽  
Multiple Levels

Abstract OBJECTIVE: We describe in detail the anatomic and surgical principles of a lateral cervical paramedian transpedicular approach, a novel technique that provides access to the ventral cervical spinal canal. We also describe single-stage posterior column reconstruction of the cervical spine in which traditional cervical lateral mass screws are used simultaneously to reconstruct the cervical pedicle and to allow for three-column stabilization in a continuous posterior screw-rod construct after this approach. METHODS: This technique is a modification of traditional thoracic posterolateral extracavitary approaches and has been used by our group for the resection of intradural and extradural spinal lesions, as we illustrate. RESULTS: This approach is particularly useful in cases where significant pathological characteristics of the trachea or esophagus preclude an anterior approach to the cervical spine and in cases in which multiple levels are involved. CONCLUSION: Cervical spinal stability is enhanced, because all cervical levels are incorporated into the final screw-rod construct.

scholarly journals Do the cervical spinal canal dimensions predict pre-myelopathic changes of cervical spinal cord? - a magnetic resonance image study

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Smitha S Nair ◽  
A S Lakshmi ◽  
Ushadevi K B. ◽  
A K Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Image Study ◽  
Cervical Spinal Canal ◽  
Spin Echo Sequence

Abstract Background and aims: The cervical region is the most mobile portion of the spinal column and it is here that the earliest disc degenerations are encountered. Hence it is of great interest to neurologists and neurosurgeons. Degenerative arthritic changes in the cervical spine secondary to ageing may result in bony and soft tissue overgrowth causing encroachment on the cervical spinal canal resulting in cervical canal stenosis. This may predispose to compressive myelopathy. The study aims to determine the predictability of myelopathy based on the dimensions of spinal canal at the cervical region. Materials and methods: The study included 600 patients who underwent MRI scan of cervical spine in the Department of Imaging Sciences and Interventional Radiology, Sree Chithra Thirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. It included patients of different age groups of both sexes who were classified into six groups. T1 weighted axial images were obtained using spin echo sequence. The axial slices were made at the mid vertebral levels from C2-C7 vertebrae. The anteroposterior diameters of spinal canal in axial images at mid cervical vertebral levels from C2-C7 were measured. Analysis of data was done by mean, standard deviation, independent sample t test, ANOVA and Chi­ square test. Results: The mean anteroposterior diameter of the canal at different cervical vertebral levels decreases as age advances. Tbe premyelopathic changes were more in males which may be attributed to change in canal shape. Conclusion: Cervical spinal canal dimensions are useful to predict premyelopathic changes of cervical spinal cord.

scholarly journals Torg’s ratio in normal adult nepalese population

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Badri Rijal ◽  
R K Pokharel ◽  
S Paudel ◽  
L L Shah
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Cervical Spinal Canal ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cervical Spinal Stenosis

Introduction: Acute cervical trauma occasionally leads to cervical canal stenosis in some individuals in spite of minor trauma. The spinal canal-to-vertebral body ratio (Torg-Pavlov ratio) has been proposed for assessing developmental spinal canal stenosis. It is not affected by magnification, and is measured on lateral plain films of cervical vertebrae. The result of this study may help in better understanding of the Torg’s ratio, which is more reliable than direct measuring of the mid-sagittal diameter of the cervical spinal canal in the diagnosis of cervical spinal stenosis or predicting the prognosis of cervical spinal cord injury. If Torg’s ratio is below normal there is risk of cervical cord injury whereas relatively safe in large Torg’s ratio. Torg’s ratio can be accessed even in rural areas where x-rays are easily available and more economical than MRI and CT scan. It can assess the risk of cord injury during sports and outdoor activities and help individuals’ choose safe carrier in sports or others activities.Methods: In order to ascertain the normal values of the Torg’s ratio in adults Nepalese, hundred sets of cervical vertebral columns of hundred adult Nepalese population of age group 20-40 years were examined. Consecutive patients presenting with history of neck pain with normal x-ray findings or history of trauma without cervical spine injury from Orthopaedic OPD (out patients department) and emergency department of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu from March 2011 to August 2012 were included in the study.Results: There were 48 males and 52 females with age ranging from 20 yrs to 40 yrs with the mean of 30.34±5.36 years. The normal average canal/body ratio of the cervical spine is 0.99 +/- 0.09 in male and 1.01 +/- 0.07 in female. It was observed that the ratio of the antero-posterior diameters of cervical spinal canal and vertebral bodies showed sexual dimorphism.Conclusion: The Torg’s ratio is the same irrespective of gender and height. The result of this study will help in better understanding of the Torg’s ratio, which is more reliable than direct measuring of the mid-sagittal diameter of the cervical spinal canal in the diagnosis of cervical spinal stenosis or predicting the prognosis of cervical spinal cord injury.JSSN 2015; 18 (1), Page: 5-9

Biomechanical Effects of Laminoplasty and Laminectomy on the Stability of Cervical Spine

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swathi Kode ◽  
Nicole A. Kallemeyn ◽  
Joseph D. Smucker ◽  
Douglas C. Fredericks ◽  
Nicole M. Grosland
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
North America ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
The World ◽  
The Stability

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy is the most common spinal cord disorder in persons more than 55 years of age in North America and perhaps in the world [7]. It is a chronic degenerative condition of the cervical spine that results in the reduction of spinal canal diameter and thereby compresses the spinal cord and the associated nerve roots [1].

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