Genetic variation and evolutionary history of holly oak: a circum-Mediterranean species-complex [Quercus coccifera L./Q. calliprinos (Webb) Holmboe, Fagaceae]

2010 ◽  
Vol 290 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 159-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamjed Toumi ◽  
Roselyne Lumaret
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Quercus Coccifera ◽  
History Of ◽  
Holly Oak

Evolutionary history of the European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus (L.) species complex as inferred from mtDNA phylogeography and gill-raker numbers

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4371-4387 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. ØSTBYE ◽  
L. BERNATCHEZ ◽  
T. F. NAESJE ◽  
K.-J. M. HIMBERG ◽  
K. HINDAR
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Coregonus Lavaretus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gill Raker

scholarly journals Genome-specific histories of divergence and introgression between an allopolyploid unisexual salamander lineage and two sexual species

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Denton ◽  
Ariadna E. Morales ◽  
H. Lisle Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Genetic Introgression ◽  
Sexual Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genomic Material

AbstractQuantifying genetic introgression between sexual species and polyploid lineages traditionally thought to be asexual is an important step in understanding what factors drive the longevity of putatively asexual groups. However, the presence of multiple distinct subgenomes within a single lineage provides a significant logistical challenge to evaluating the origin of genetic variation in most polyploids. Here, we capitalize on three recent innovations—variation generated from ultraconserved elements (UCEs), bioinformatic techniques for assessing variation in polyploids, and model-based methods for evaluating historical gene flow—to measure the extent and tempo of introgression over the evolutionary history of an allopolyploid lineage of all-female salamanders and two ancestral sexual species. We first analyzed variation from more than a thousand UCEs using a reference mapping method developed for polyploids to infer subgenome specific patterns of variation in the all-female lineage. We then used PHRAPL to choose between sets of historical models that reflected different patterns of introgression and divergence between the genomes of the parental species and the same genomes found within the polyploids. Our analyses support a scenario in which the genomes sampled in unisexuals salamanders were present in the lineage ∼3.4 million years ago, followed by an extended period of divergence from their parental species. Recent secondary introgression has occurred at different times between each sexual species and their representative genomes within the unisexuals during the last 500,000 years. Sustained introgression of sexual genomes into the unisexual lineage has been the defining characteristic of their reproductive mode, but this study provides the first evidence that unisexual genomes have also undergone long periods of divergence without introgression. Unlike other unisexual, sperm-dependent taxa in which introgression is rare, the alternating periods of divergence and introgression between unisexual salamanders and their sexual relatives could reveal the scenarios in which the influx of novel genomic material is favored and potentially explain why these salamanders are among the oldest described unisexual animals.

scholarly journals Genetic variation and evolutionary history of a mycorrhizal fungus regulate the currency of exchange in symbiosis with the food security crop cassava

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1333-1344
Author(s):  
Romain Savary ◽  
Cindy Dupuis ◽  
Frédéric G. Masclaux ◽  
Ivan D. Mateus ◽  
Edward C. Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
History Of

Evolutionary history of the mediterranean Pinus halepensis-brutia species complex using gene-resequencing and transcriptomic approaches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanna Olsson ◽  
Zaida Lorenzo ◽  
Mario Zabal-Aguirre ◽  
Andrea Piotti ◽  
Giovanni G. Vendramin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Persistence and invasiveness of high-level heteroplasmy through biparental transmission of a selfish mitochondrion in Drosophila

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme C. Baião ◽  
Anton Strunov ◽  
Eleanor Heyworth ◽  
Daniela I. Schneider ◽  
Julia Thoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Genomic Integrity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Nuclear Background ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Drosophila Paulistorum

ABSTRACTHeteroplasmy is the coexistence of more than one type of mitochondria in an organism. Although widespread sequencing has identified several cases of transient or low-level heteroplasmy that primarily occur through mutation or paternal leakage, stable, high-titer heteroplasmy remains rare in animals. In this study we present a unique, stable and high-level heteroplasmy in male and female flies belonging to the neotropical Drosophila paulistorum species complex. We show that mitochondria of D. paulistorum are polyphyletic and form two clades, α and β, with two subclades each. Mitochondria of the α2 subclade appear functional based on their genomic integrity but are exclusively found in heteroplasmic flies and never in homoplasmy, suggesting that they are a secondary mitotype with distinct functionality from the primary mitochondria. Using qPCR, we show that α2 titer do not respond to energetic demands of the cell and are generally higher in males than females. By crossing hetero- and homoplasmic flies, we find that α2 can be transmitted to their offspring via both parents and that levels are dependent on nuclear background. Following α2 mitotype levels during embryogenesis, we demonstrate that this secondary mitotype replicates rapidly just after fertilization of the egg in a period when primary mitochondria are dormant. This so-called “Replication precox” mitochondrial phenotype likely prevents the α2 mitotype from being outcompeted by the primary mitotype – and thereby secures its persistence and further spread as a selfish mitochondrion, we hereby designate “Spartacus”. Finally, we reconstruct the evolutionary history of mitochondria in the willistoni subgroup uncovering signs of multiple mitochondrial losses and introgressions. Our data indicate an α-like mitochondrial ancestor in the willistoni subgroup, with the β mitotype likely acquired via introgression from an unidentified donor. We hypothesize that the selfish characteristics of α2 might have emerged as a response to competition for inheritance with the introgressed β mitotype.

scholarly journals Evidence for Genetic Hitchhiking Effect Associated With Insecticide Resistance in Aedes aegypti

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 793-800
Author(s):  
Guiyun Yan ◽  
Dave D Chadee ◽  
David W Severson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
History Of

Abstract Information on genetic variation within and between populations is critical for understanding the evolutionary history of mosquito populations and disease epidemiology. Previous studies with Drosophila suggest that genetic variation of selectively neutral loci in a large fraction of genome may be constrained by fixation of advantageous mutations associated with hitchhiking effect. This study examined restriction fragment length polymorphisms of four natural Aedes aegypti mosquito populations from Trinidad and Tobago, at 16 loci. These populations have been subjected to organophosphate (OP) insecticide treatments for more than two decades, while dichlor-diphenyltrichlor (DDT) was the insecticide of choice prior to this period. We predicted that genes closely linked to the OP target loci would exhibit reduced genetic variation as a result of the hitchhiking effect associated with intensive OP insecticide selection. We also predicted that genetic variability of the genes conferring resistance to DDT and loci near the target site would be similar to other unlinked loci. As predicted, reduced genetic variation was found for loci in the general chromosomal region of a putative OP target site, and these loci generally exhibited larger FST values than other random loci. In contrast, the gene conferring resistance to DDT and its linked loci show polymorphisms and genetic differentiation similar to other random loci. The reduced genetic variability and apparent gene deletion in some regions of chromosome 1 likely reflect the hitchhiking effect associated with OP insecticide selection.

scholarly journals Genetic and morphological analyses indicate that the Australian endemic scorpion Urodacus yaschenkoi (Scorpiones: Urodacidae) is a species complex

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Luna-Ramirez ◽  
Adam D Miller ◽  
Gordana Rašić
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Putative Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nuclear Locus ◽  
Mitochondrial Loci

Background. Australian scorpions have received far less attention from researchers than their overseas counterparts. Here we provide the first insight into the molecular variation and evolutionary history of the endemic Australian scorpion Urodacus yaschenkoi. Also known as the inland robust scorpion, it is widely distributed throughout arid zones of the continent and is emerging as a model organism in biomedical research due to the chemical nature of its venom. Methods. We employed Bayesian Inference (BI) methods for the phylogenetic reconstructions and divergence dating among lineages, using unique haplotype sequences from two mitochondrial loci (COXI, 16S) and one nuclear locus (28S). We also implemented two DNA taxonomy approaches (GMYC and PTP/dPTP) to evaluate the presence of cryptic species. Linear Discriminant Analysis was used to test whether the linear combination of 21 variables (ratios of morphological measurements) can predict individual’s membership to a putative species. Results. Genetic and morphological data suggest that U. yaschenkoi is a species complex. High statistical support for the monophyly of several divergent lineages was found both at the mitochondrial loci and at a nuclear locus. The extent of mitochondrial divergence between these lineages exceeds estimates of interspecific divergence reported for other scorpion groups. The GMYC model and the PTP/bPTP approach identified major lineages and several sub-lineages as putative species. Ratios of several traits that approximate body shape had a strong predictive power (83–100%) in discriminating two major molecular lineages. A time-calibrated phylogeny dates the early divergence at the onset of continental-wide aridification in late Miocene and Pliocene, with finer-scale phylogeographic patterns emerging during the Pleistocene. This structuring dynamics is congruent with the diversification history of other fauna of the Australian arid zones. Discussion. Our results indicate that the taxonomic status of U. yaschenkoi requires revision, and we provide recommendations for such future efforts. A complex evolutionary history and extensive diversity highlights the importance of conserving U. yaschenkoi populations from different Australian arid zones in order to preserve patterns of endemism and evolutionary potential.

A complex species complex: The controversial role of ecology and biogeography in the evolutionary history of Syllis gracilis Grube, 1840 (Annelida, Syllidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Langeneck ◽  
Fabio Scarpa ◽  
Ferruccio Maltagliati ◽  
Daria Sanna ◽  
Michele Barbieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and evolutionary history of the Schizothorax species complex in the Lancang River (upper Mekong)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (17) ◽  
pp. 6023-6036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weitao Chen ◽  
Yanjun Shen ◽  
Xiaoni Gan ◽  
Xuzhen Wang ◽  
Shunping He
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Lancang River ◽  
History Of
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document