Site-specific intra-annual rainfall patterns: a tool for agricultural planning in the Colombian sugarcane production zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 146 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 543-554
Author(s):  
Héctor Alberto Chica Ramirez ◽  
Luis Fernando Gómez Gil ◽  
Juan José Bravo Bastidas ◽  
Javier Alí Carbonell González ◽  
Andrés Javier Peña Quiñones
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2019
Author(s):  
Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Geber Barbosa De Albuquerque Moura ◽  
Marcos Vinícios Da Silva ◽  
Roni Valter De Souza Guedes ◽  
Pabrício Marcos Oliveira Lopes ◽  
...  

A gestão eficiente dos recursos hídricos no Nordeste brasileiro torna-se fundamental diante do regime hidrológico dos rios intermitentes, dos quais muitos são extremamente críticos. Todavia estes dependem de um regime pluviométrico irregular, tanto em escala de tempo mensal quanto anual. Objetivou-se determinar a variabilidade espaço-temporal da precipitação pluviométrica total anual, averiguando-se, também, as regiões com padrões de precipitação semelhantes por técnicas de análise multivariada (clusters e componentes principais) no Nordeste do Brasil. Foram analisados dados de precipitação pluviométrica total anual, entre os anos de 1995 e 2016, de 37 diferentes estações meteorológicas do INMET, estas situadas nos limites territoriais dos nove estados do Nordeste brasileiro. A análise de clusters verificou a formação de quatro grupos distintos, com padrões semelhantes de precipitação nas regiões dentro dos grupos, conforme também observado na análise de componentes principais. A padronização e/ou variabilidade espaço-temporal da precipitação pluviométrica dos municípios analisados mostrou-se está intimamente associada as condições das estações do ano e anomalias climatológicas, aos fatores de uso e ocupação do solo, condições de altitude e relevo, tais quais favorecem na formação e estabilidade de chuvas menores ou maiores no Nordeste brasileiro. A análise multivariada de cluster e componentes principal identificaram padrões e semelhanças pluviométricas de grupos, nos diferentes estados do Nordeste do Brasil entre os anos de 1995 e 2016. Exploratory Inference of Spatial-Temporal Data of Rainfall in the Brazilian Northeast ABSTRACTThe efficient management of water resources in the Northeast of Brazil is essential in view of the hydrological regime of intermittent rivers, of which many are extremely critical, as they depend on an irregular rainfall regime, both on a monthly and annual time scale. The objective of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal variability of the annual total rainfall, also investigating the regions with similar rainfall patterns by multivariate analysis techniques (clusters and principal components) in Brazilian Northeast. Data from total annual rainfall between the years 1995 and 2016, of 37 different INMET weather stations were analyzed, located within the territorial limit of the nine states of Brazilian Northeast. Cluster analysis verified the formation of four distinct groups, with similar precipitation patterns in the regions within the groups as also observed in the principal component analysis. The pattern and/or spatial-temporal variability of rainfall in the municipalities analyzed was shown to be intimately associated with the conditions of the year and climatic anomalies stations, and the factors of land use and occupation, altitude and relief conditions, such as favoring the formation and stability of minor or major rain in the Brazilian Northeast. Multivariate cluster and principal component analysis identified rainfall patterns and similarities of groups, in the different states of Northeastern Brazil between the years 1995 and 2016.Keywords: multivariate analysis, climate change, semiarid, regional climate patterns.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 554
Author(s):  
Aline Franciel de Andrade ◽  
Roriz Luciano Machado ◽  
Cássia Cristina Rezende ◽  
Elizabete Alves Ferreira ◽  
Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho ◽  
...  

Losses of soil and nutrients affect a large part of agricultural areas in tropical regions, regardless of the level of technology adopted. This study evaluated the physical attributes and erosivity indices associated with rainfall patterns and return periods in the region of Formosa, State of Goiás, Brazil. Using series of pluviographic (2002-2008) and pluviometric (1975-1998) data from a station located at municipality of Formosa, the erosive potential (EI30 and KE>25), rainfall patterns (advanced, intermediate and delayed) and the erosivity associated with the rainfall return periods were determined. The average annual rainfall of the region was 1,391.6 mm with 87.4% of the rains concentrated in October to March. The average annual values of EI30 and KE>25 corresponded to 8,041.6 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1 and 125.7 MJ ha-1 year-1, respectively. The months of the year did not differ based on rainfall pattern. The advanced hydrological pattern had the highest frequency of occurrence, followed by the delayed and intermediate patterns. The highest EI30 and KE>25 indices for individual rainfall seasons occurred under the intermediate and the advanced patterns in February and under the intermediate pattern in October for the index KE>25. The average annual erosivity index (R factor of USLE) (8041.6 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1) is expected to occur at least once every 1.89 years, corresponding to a probability of occurrence of 52.84%. The average annual values of EI30 estimated for the return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 years were 8,230, 10,225, 10,889, 11,222, 11,421 and 11,488 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1, respectively.


1994 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ben-Gai ◽  
A. Bitan ◽  
A. Manes ◽  
P. Alpert

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
M Shamsuzzoha ◽  
A Parvez ◽  
AFMK Chowdhury

The study entitled ‘Analysis of Changes in Rainfall Patterns in Rajshahi Division using GIS’ is an experimental climatological research. The main objectives of the study is to examine the long-term changes in rainfall patterns of Rajshahi Division. Secondary data of rainfall distribution have been collected from Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD), Dhaka. The study has analysed monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall distribution pattern from 1962 to 2007 of five selected weather stations namely Bogra, Dinajpur, Ishurdi, Rajshahi and Rangpur. For convenience of analysis, the data has been divided into two halves of time period as 1962-1984 and 1985-2007. Based on GIS, the study gifts the spatial analysis of rainfall patten using Thiessen Polygon Method, Isohytal and Hytograph Method and Percentage Method. It has been found that there is evidence of annual rainfall change with an increasing pattern in Bogra, Dinajpur, Rajshahi and Rangpur. In these four stations, the changing pattern in Rangpur is the highest. Downward shift of annual rainfall shows a decreasing pattern in Ishurdi. The descending order of monthly and seasonal rainfall pattern for Ishurdi, Rajshahi and Rangpur has been found as July > June > September >August > October > April > March > February > November > December. Although Bogra and Dinajpur have contained this trend in the same order from July to March, anomalies pattern has been found for last four months. The seasonal variation of rainfall has been established as Monsoon > Pre – Monsoon > Post Monsoon > Winter for all those five stations. Evaluating the rainfall contour lines, it has been found that the rainfall annually varies from 1542.1 mm to 2235.8 mm in Rajshahi Division. The average number of rainy days in this region mostly varies from 86 to 112 days per year.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22223 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 7(2): 141-149 2014


1969 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-41
Author(s):  
Modesto Capiel ◽  
Mariano Antoni

A statistical evaluation was made of the daily rainfall at Caguas and Fajardo, covering 70- and 60-year periods. The purposes of this evaluation were: 1, To investigate the character, if any, of the rainfall distribution and of its deficiency (drought) characteristics; and 2, in the event that any character was found in rainfall in the sense of distribution and deficiency, to develop a Rainfall Deficiency Index which would be useful to agricultural and other programs and inventories. The study first consisted of determining the least rainfall in 60, 120, and 180 consecutive days, and the maximum rainfall in 30 and 90-day periods of each year. This analysis suggested the occurrence of most deficient and least deficient rainfall in 120 (or 180) day cycles during the drier part of the year within 10- to 11-year periods; the Caguas data beginning in 1899 and in 1909 at Fajardo. The suggested cycles appear to be more defined at Caguas than Fajardo. It appears that years ending in 6 or 7 almost invariably seemed to be among the driest in their respective decades; 1899 to 1968. Years ending in 1 or 2 seemed identified with least deficient and better distributed rainfall. This preliminary analysis was based mainly on the least rainfall in 120 days parameter. It was found that the ratio of the mean least rainfall in 120 days of the dry years (ending in 6 or 7) to the "wet" years (ending in 1 or 2) is 0.364 for Caguas and 0.603 for Fajardo. Also, the coefficient of variation of the data for dry and "wet" years was lower than when calculated for all years. Contrast between dry and wet years is apparent even for the least rainfall in 180 days (6 months of the year). In this respect the ratios of dry to "wet" years are 0.494 and 0.595 for Caguas and Fajardo, respectively. There is no apparent contrast, however, when the annual, or even maximum, rainfall in 90 days at the two locations is compared for "wet" and dry years. A Rainfall Deficiency Index (DEF) is proposed. Such deficiency is normally distributed for Caguas and Fajardo. This index integrates the deficiency and distribution characteristics of the annual rainfall. It can be used, therefore, as a guide for evaluating the rainfall characteristics in the agricultural regions of Puerto Rico and for the determination of priorities for supplemental irrigation. A Rainfall Distribution Coefficient (DIS) was developed as a direct means of describing the distribution characteristics of annual rainfall, and it accounts indirectly for the rainfall deficiency within a given area or areas of similar annual rainfall. DEF accounted for 74.0 and 64.4 percent of the variations in DIS at both Caguas and Fajardo.


Author(s):  
S. Karri ◽  
R. Ahmad ◽  
P. Sujata ◽  
S. Jose ◽  
G. Sreenivas ◽  
...  

The Indian summer monsoon rainfall contributes about 75 % of the total annual rainfall and exhibits considerable interannual variations. The agricultural economy of the country depends mainly on the monsoon rainfall. The long-range forecast of the monsoon rainfall is, therefore of significant importance in agricultural planning and other economic activities of the country. There are various parameters which influence the amount of rainfall received during the monsoon. Some of the important parameters considered by the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) for the study of monsoon are Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR), moisture content of the atmosphere, zonal wind speed, low level vorticity, pressure gradient etc. Compared to the Long Period Average (LPA) value of rain fall, the country as a whole received higher amount of rainfall in June, 2013 (34 % more than LPA). The same month showed considerable decrease next year as the amount of rainfall received was around 43 % less compared to LPA. This drastic difference of monsoon prompted to study the behaviour of some of the monsoon relevant parameters. In this study we have considered five atmospheric parameters as the indicators of monsoon behaviour namely vertical relative humidity, OLR, aerosol optical depth (AOD), wind at 850 hPa and mean sea level pressure (MSLP). <br><br> In the initial analysis of weekly OLR difference for year 2013 and 2014 shows positive values in the month of May over north-western parts of India (region of heat low). This should result in a weaker monsoon in 2014. This is substantiated by the rainfall data received for various stations over India. Inference made based on the analysis of RH profiles coupled with AOD values is in agreement with the rainfall over the corresponding stations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 2128-2136
Author(s):  
N. R. Acharya ◽  
S. K. Sah ◽  
A. K. Gautam ◽  
A. P. Regmi

An experiment was conducted on farmer’s field in Khajura, Banke for site specific nutrient management (SSNM) in hybrid maize (Rajkumar) during winter season of 2016. The climatic condition of the experimental location was humid sub-tropical and sandy loam soil occurring intense summer and severe winter. Average annual rainfall of 1000 -1500 mm occurs in the location. The experiment was replicated 4 times in Randomized complete block design having plot size of 4.8 x 3 m2. Row to row spacing was maintained at 60 cm and plant to plant at 25 cm for each plot. There were six treatments including farmers fertilization practice (27.6:27.6:18 NP2O5K2O kgha-1) as a check, recommended dose of fertilizer (160:60:40 NP2O5K2O kgha-1), site specific nutrient management (212.9:66.8:280.8 NP2O5K2O kgha-1), 75% SSNM (372.6:116.9:491.4 NP2O5K2O kgha-1), FP-N, FP-P, SSNM-K (27.6:27.6:280.8 NP2O5K2O kgha-1) and SSNM-N, FP-P, FP-K (212.9:27.6:27.6 NP2O5K2O kgha-1). Among the treatment combination; application of SSNM we can increase the yield by 193% over farmer fertilization practice. Recommended dose of fertilizer and 75 percent SSNM also increase the yield by 138% and 130.4% respectively compared to farmer fertilization practice. 88% and 53.5% more increment could also be obtained through the application of only SSNM dose of nitrogen and SSNM dose of potassium respectively over farmer fertilization practice.


1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. C. Goulter

The rainfall patterns in the Wilson Creek Experimental Watershed in Riding Mountain National Park are analysed. Since this watershed lies on the Manitoba Escarpment there is a relatively sudden change in elevation across the watershed. The average annual rainfall is plotted against station elevation and against distance of the rainfall stations from the National Park boundary. Two distinct trends were observed. The average annual rainfall increases significantly from the bottom to the top of the escarpment. The average annual rainfall also levels off very quickly as the relatively flat plateau at the top of the escarpment is reached. No carry-over effects from terrain-induced upflow enhancement were observed. Key words: Manitoba Escarpment, rainfall variation, topography, upflow enhancement, Wilson Creek.


Irriga ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iug Lopes ◽  
Miguel Júlio Machado Guimarães ◽  
Juliana Maria Medrado de Melo ◽  
Clovis Manoel Carvalho Ramos

BALANÇO HÍDRICO EM FUNÇÃO DE REGIMES PLUVIOMÉTRICOS NA REGIÃO DE PETROLINA-PE  IUG LOPES¹; MIGUEL JULIO MACHADO GUIMARÃES¹; JULIANA MARIA MEDRADO DE MELO¹ E CLOVIS MANOEL CARVALHO RAMOS² ¹ Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, Dois Irmão, CEP: 52171-900 – Recife, PE, Brasil. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]² Colegiado de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco – Campus Juazeiro, Av. Antônio Carlos Magalhães, 510 Country Club, CEP: 48.902-300 – Juazeiro, BA, Brasil. [email protected]  1 RESUMO O estudo das condições climáticas da região de Petrolina se faz necessário devido sua importância no cenário agrícola nacional. O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar os perfis pluviométricos, classificar por meio da utilização de técnica quantílica e a realização de balanço hídrico para diferentes regimes hídricos observados. Foram utilizados da estação meteorológica convencional (OMM: 81991) localizada no município de Petrolina-PE, os dados de precipitação pluvial e temperatura média do ar condensada. Além do uso da técnica de Quantis que classifica os anos de acordo com o índice pluviométrico anual como muito seco, seco, normal, chuvoso e muito chuvoso, foi utilizado o balanço hídrico pelo método de Thornthwaite e Mather. Na caracterização pluviométrica observou-se um quantitativo anual, variando entre 107,20 e 1023,50 mm, com média de 496,83 mm, a cada dois anos é possível observar uma precipitação pluvial igual ou inferior a 462,92 mm. Ao avaliar o balanço hídrico para os distintos regimes pluviométricos obtidos, pode-se verificar que todos os regimes pluviométricos apresentaram uma deficiência que se estende por todo o ano, com exceção para anos chuvoso e muito chuvoso que apresentam reposição nos meses iniciais do ano. Palavras-chave: ciclo hidrológico, climatologia, planejamento agrícola  LOPES, I; GUIMARÃES, M. J. M.; MELO, J. M. M.; RAMOS, C. M. C. WATER BALANCE FOR PRECIPITATION REGIMES IN THE PETROLINA, PE REGION  2 ABSTRACT The study of the climatic conditions of the Petrolina region is necessary due to its importance in the national agricultural scenario. The objective of this work was to characterize the rainfall profiles, to classify by means of the use of quantile regression technique and the achievemnt of water balance for different water regimes observed. Data for rainfall and average temperature of the condensed air were provided by the conventional meteorological station (OMM: 81991) located in the city of Petrolina, PE. In addition to the Quantis technique, which classifies years according to the annual rainfall index as very dry, dry, normal, rainy and very rainy, the water balance according to the Thornthwaite & Mather method was used. In the pluviometric characterization, an annual quantitative one, varying between 107.20 mm and 1023.50 mm, with an average of 496.83 mm. Every two years, it is possible to observe a rainfall equal to or less than 462.92 mm. When assessing the water balance for the different pluviometric regimes obtained, it can be verified that all pluviometric regimes have a deficiency that extends throughout the year, except for rainy and very rainy years, which present replacement in the initial months of the year. Keywords: hydrological cycle, climatology, agricultural planning


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