Sequence variability in the HC-Pro coding regions of Korean soybean mosaic virus isolates is associated with differences in RNA silencing suppression

2014 ◽  
Vol 159 (6) ◽  
pp. 1373-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Jia Li ◽  
Jung-Kyu Kim ◽  
Eun-Young Seo ◽  
Seok Myeong Hong ◽  
Eui-Il Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Sequence Variability ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Silencing Suppression ◽  
Virus Isolates

scholarly journals Sequence variability in the coat protein gene of Cowpea severe mosaic virus isolates from northeastern Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Evando A. Beserra Jr. ◽  
Eduardo C. Andrade ◽  
Rosa F.R. Araújo Camarço ◽  
Aline K.Q. Nascimento ◽  
José Albérsio A. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Coat Protein Gene ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Sequence Variability ◽  
Virus Isolates

scholarly journals An Avirulent Strain of Soybean Mosaic Virus Reverses the Defensive Effect of Abscisic Acid in a Susceptible Soybean Cultivar

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazen Alazem ◽  
Kristin Widyasari ◽  
Kook-Hyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Avirulent Strain ◽  
Rapid Induction

In soybean cultivar L29, the Rsv3 gene is responsible for extreme resistance (ER) against the soybean mosaic virus avirulent strain G5H, but is ineffective against the virulent strain G7H. Part of this ER is attributed to the rapid increase in abscisic acid (ABA) and callose, and to the rapid induction of several genes in the RNA-silencing pathway. Whether these two defense mechanisms are correlated or separated in the ER is unknown. Here, we found that ABA treatment of L29 plants increased the expression of several antiviral RNA-silencing genes as well as the PP2C3a gene, which was previously shown to increase callose accumulation; as a consequence, ABA increased the resistance of L29 plants to G7H. The effect of ABA treatment on these genes was weaker in the rsv3-null cultivar (Somyungkong) than in L29. Besides, G5H-infection of Somyungkong plants subverted the effect of ABA leading to reduced callose accumulation and decreased expression of several RNA-silencing genes, which resulted in increased susceptibility to G5H infection. ABA treatment, however, still induced some resistance to G7H in Somyungkong, but only AGO7b was significantly induced. Our data suggest that Rsv3 modulates the effect of ABA on these two resistance mechanisms, i.e., callose accumulation and the antiviral RNA-silencing pathway, and that in the absence of Rsv3, some strains can reverse the effect of ABA and thereby facilitate their replication and spread.

scholarly journals Genetic Analyses of the FRNK Motif Function of Turnip mosaic virus Uncover Multiple and Potentially Interactive Pathways of Cross-Protection

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 944-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Jung Kung ◽  
Pin-Chun Lin ◽  
Shyi-Dong Yeh ◽  
Syuan-Fei Hong ◽  
Nam-Hai Chua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Turnip Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cross Protection ◽  
Mild Strain ◽  
Silencing Suppression ◽  
Helper Component Proteinase ◽  
Silencing Pathways ◽  
Protection Against Infection

Cross-protection triggered by a mild strain of virus acts as a prophylaxis to prevent subsequent infections by related viruses in plants; however, the underling mechanisms are not fully understood. Through mutagenesis, we isolated a mutant strain of Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), named Tu-GK, that contains an Arg182Lys substitution in helper component-proteinase (HC-ProK) that confers complete cross-protection against infection by a severe strain of TuMV in Nicotiana benthamiana, Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0, and the Arabidopsis dcl2-4/dcl4-1 double mutant defective in DICER-like ribonuclease (DCL)2/DCL4-mediated silencing. Our analyses showed that HC-ProK loses the ability to interfere with microRNA pathways, although it retains a partial capability for RNA silencing suppression triggered by DCL. We further showed that Tu-GK infection triggers strong salicylic acid (SA)-dependent and SA-independent innate immunity responses. Our data suggest that DCL2/4-dependent and –independent RNA silencing pathways are involved, and may crosstalk with basal innate immunity pathways, in host defense and in cross-protection.

scholarly journals Symptom induction and RNA silencing suppression by the cucumber mosaic virus 2b protein

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 705-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew G. Lewsey ◽  
Inmaculada González ◽  
Natalia O. Kalinina ◽  
Peter Palukaitis ◽  
Tomas Canto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
2B Protein ◽  
Silencing Suppression

scholarly journals Multiple Domains of the Tobacco mosaic virus p126 Protein Can Independently Suppress Local and Systemic RNA Silencing

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 648-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ya Wang ◽  
Shih-Shun Lin ◽  
Ting-Hsuan Hung ◽  
Tsai-Kun Li ◽  
Nai-Chun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Silencing Suppression ◽  
Systemic Rna ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
Region Ii ◽  
Suppressor Of Rna Silencing ◽  
Antiviral Mechanism

Small RNA-mediated RNA silencing is a widespread antiviral mechanism in plants and other organisms. Many viruses encode suppressors of RNA silencing for counter-defense. The p126 protein encoded by Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) has been reported to be a suppressor of RNA silencing but the mechanism of its function remains unclear. This protein is unique among the known plant viral silencing suppressors because of its large size and multiple domains. Here, we report that the methyltransferase, helicase, and nonconserved region II (NONII) of p126 each has silencing-suppressor function. The silencing-suppression activities of methyltransferase and helicase can be uncoupled from their enzyme activities. Specific amino acids in NONII previously shown to be crucial for viral accumulation and symptom development are also crucial for silencing suppression. These results suggest that some viral proteins have evolved to possess modular structural domains that can independently interfere with host silencing, and that this may be an effective mechanism of increasing the robustness of a virus.

Comparison of helper component-protease RNA silencing suppression activity, subcellular localization, and aggregation of three Korean isolates of Turnip mosaic virus

Virus Genes ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Yeong Han ◽  
Jinsoo Chung ◽  
Jungkyu Kim ◽  
Eun-Young Seo ◽  
James P. Kilcrease ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Turnip Mosaic Virus ◽  
Helper Component ◽  
Silencing Suppression

scholarly journals A Spontaneous Complementary Mutation Restores the RNA Silencing Suppression Activity of HC-Pro and the Virulence of Sugarcane Mosaic Virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Jie Xu ◽  
Huan-Gai Li ◽  
De-Jie Cheng ◽  
Ling-Zhi Liu ◽  
Chao Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Silencing Suppression

scholarly journals The cysteine-rich proteins of beet necrotic yellow vein virus and tobacco rattle virus contribute to efficient suppression of silencing in roots

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 1841-1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Bagus Andika ◽  
Hideki Kondo ◽  
Masamichi Nishiguchi ◽  
Tetsuo Tamada
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Tobacco Rattle Virus ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Negative Strand ◽  
Silencing Suppression ◽  
Leaves And Roots

Many plant viruses encode proteins that suppress RNA silencing, but little is known about the activity of silencing suppressors in roots. This study examined differences in the silencing suppression activity of different viruses in leaves and roots of Nicotiana benthamiana plants. Infection by tobacco mosaic virus, potato virus Y and cucumber mosaic virus but not potato virus X (PVX) resulted in strong silencing suppression activity of a transgene in both leaves and roots, whereas infection by beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and tobacco rattle virus (TRV) showed transgene silencing suppression in roots but not in leaves. For most viruses tested, viral negative-strand RNA accumulated at a very low level in roots, compared with considerable levels of positive-strand genomic RNA. Co-inoculation of leaves with PVX and either BNYVV or TRV produced an increase in PVX negative-strand RNA and subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) accumulation in roots. The cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) BNYVV p14 and TRV 16K showed weak silencing suppression activity in leaves. However, when either of these CRPs was expressed from a PVX vector, there was an enhancement of PVX negative-strand RNA and sgRNA accumulation in roots compared with PVX alone. Such enhancement of PVX sgRNAs was also observed by expression of CRPs of other viruses and the well-known suppressors HC-Pro and p19 but not of the potato mop-top virus p8 CRP. These results indicate that BNYVV- and TRV-encoded CRPs suppress RNA silencing more efficiently in roots than in leaves.

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