Glucose-induced response on photosynthetic efficiency, ROS homeostasis, and antioxidative defense system in maintaining carbohydrate and ion metabolism in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under salt-mediated oxidative stress

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fareen Sami ◽  
Husna Siddiqui ◽  
Pravej Alam ◽  
Shamsul Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Antioxidative Defense ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Antioxidative Defense System ◽  
Ros Homeostasis

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Alterations in the Antioxidative Defense System in Neuronal Cells Derived from NPC1 Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7667
Author(s):  
Alexandra V. Jürs ◽  
Christin Völkner ◽  
Maik Liedtke ◽  
Katharina Huth ◽  
Jan Lukas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Antioxidative Defense ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Antioxidative Defense System ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Oxidative stress (OS) represents a state of an imbalanced amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or a hampered efficacy of the antioxidative defense system. Cells of the central nervous system are particularly sensitive to OS, as they have a massive need of oxygen to maintain proper function. Consequently, OS represents a common pathophysiological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases and is discussed to contribute to the neurodegeneration observed amongst others in Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. In this context, accumulating evidence suggests that OS is involved in the pathophysiology of Niemann-Pick type C1 disease (NPC1). NPC1, a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disease, belongs to the family of lysosomal storage disorders. A major hallmark of the disease is the accumulation of cholesterol and other glycosphingolipids in lysosomes. Several studies describe OS both in murine in vivo and in vitro NPC1 models. However, studies based on human cells are limited to NPC1 patient-derived fibroblasts. Thus, we analyzed OS in a human neuronal model based on NPC1 patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Higher ROS levels, as determined by DCF (dichlorodihydrofluorescein) fluorescence, indicated oxidative stress in all NPC1-deficient cell lines. This finding was further supported by reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The analysis of mRNA and protein levels of SOD1 and SOD2 did not reveal any difference between control cells and NPC1-deficient cells. Interestingly, we observed a striking decrease in catalase mRNA and protein levels in all NPC1-deficient cell lines. As catalase is a key enzyme of the cellular antioxidative defense system, we concluded that the lack of catalase contributes to the elevated ROS levels observed in NPC1-deficient cells. Thus, a restitution of a physiological catalase level may pose an intervention strategy to rescue NPC1-deficient cells from the repercussions of oxidative stress contributing to the neurodegeneration observed in NPC1.

Oxidative stress and changes in antioxidative defense system in erythrocytes of preeclampsia in women

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataša Z. Ðorđević ◽  
Goran M. Babić ◽  
Snežana D. Marković ◽  
Branka I. Ognjanović ◽  
Andraš Š. Štajn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidative Defense ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Antioxidative Defense System

scholarly journals L-malate reverses oxidative stress and antioxidative defenses in liver and heart of aged rats

2008 ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
J-L Wu ◽  
Q-P Wu ◽  
X-F Chen ◽  
M-K Wei ◽  
J-M Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Antioxidative Defense ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Antioxidative Defense System ◽  
Scavenging Enzymes

The intracellular levels of antioxidant and free radical scavenging enzymes are gradually altered during the aging process. An agedependent increase of oxidative stress occurring throughout the lifetime is hypothesized to be the major cause of aging. The current study examined the effects of L-malate on oxidative stress and antioxidative defenses in the liver and heart of aged rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into four groups, each group consisting of 6 animals. Group Ia and Group IIa were young and aged control rats. Group Ib and Group IIb were young and aged rats treated with L-malate (210 mg/kg body weight per day). L-malate was orally administrated via intragastric canula for 30 days, then the rats were sacrificed and the liver and heart were removed to determine the oxidant production, lipid peroxidation and antioxidative defenses of young and aged rats. Dietary L-malate reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and significantly decreased the level of lipid peroxidation in the liver and heart of the aged rats. Accordingly, L-malate was found to enhance the antioxidative defense system with an increased activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and increased glutathione (GSH) levels in the liver of aged rats, a phenomenon not observed in the heart of aged rats. Our data indicate that oxidative stress was reversed and the antioxidative defense system was strengthened by dietary supplementation with L-malate.

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