Reconstruction of the alveolar cleft: can growth factor-aided tissue engineering replace autologous bone grafting? A literature review and systematic review of results obtained with bone morphogenetic protein-2

Abstract Background In bone tissue engineering, the fabrication and biocompatibility of scaffold are crucial. Among many scaffold materials, nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP) and collagen (COL) are chosen as building materials of scaffold. At the same time, growth factors were also used to modify the scaffolds. Methods In this study, blending and freeze drying methods were adopted together in order to build basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)-nHAP/COL scaffolds. ELISA was applied to test the release of bFGF and BMP-2 on the scaffold. The flow cytometry was used to identify bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Scanning electron microscope was adopted to observe scaffolds and cells morphology. BMSCs were seeded on the scaffolds to test the biological compatibility in vitro. Cells were counted to detect early cell adhesion. Cell counting kit-8 assay was adopted to detect cell proliferation and alkalinephosphatase assay was applied to detect cell activity. Results The characterization of bFGF-BMP-2-nHAP/COL scaffolds meets the requirements of ideal bone tissue engineering scaffolds. BMSCs that were isolated, purified and passaged satisfied the needs of further experiments. The growth status of cells on bFGF-BMP-2-nHAP/COL scaffolds was satisfactory. Cell adhesion was the highest in the bFGF-BMP-2-nHAP/COL scaffolds group. The cell viability and ALP activity of bFGF-BMP-2-nHAP/COL scaffolds group were the highest. Conclusion Taken together, bFGF-BMP-2-nHAP/COL scaffolds have good biocompatibility in vitro and promote adhesion, proliferation, differentiation of BMSCs.

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Outcomes of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and iliac cancellous bone transplantation on alveolar cleft bone grafting: A meta-analysis

Journal of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.bjps.2020.01.011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

pp. 1135-1142

Author(s):

Wen-lin Xiao ◽

Kai-ning Jia ◽

Guo Yu ◽

Ning Zhao

Keyword(s):

Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽

Cancellous Bone ◽

Bone Grafting ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Bone Transplantation ◽

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽

Alveolar Cleft ◽

Morphogenetic Protein ◽

Cancellous Bone Transplantation

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Surface Modification of Polycaprolactone Scaffold With Improved Biocompatibility and Controlled Growth Factor Release for Enhanced Stem Cell Differentiation

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology ◽

10.3389/fbioe.2021.802311 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoyan Qin ◽

Yixin Wu ◽

Shuang Liu ◽

Lei Yang ◽

Hongxia Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Surface Modification ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Stem Cell Differentiation ◽

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽

Graft Polymer ◽

Growth Property ◽

Nanofiber Scaffold ◽

Morphogenetic Protein ◽

Cell Growth And Differentiation

Polycaprolactone (PCL) has been widely used as a scaffold material for tissue engineering. Reliable applications of the PCL scaffolds require overcoming their native hydrophobicity and obtaining the sustained release of signaling factors to modulate cell growth and differentiation. Here, we report a surface modification strategy for electrospun PCL nanofibers using an azide-terminated amphiphilic graft polymer. With multiple alkylation and pegylation on the side chains of poly-L-lysine, stable coating of the graft polymer on the PCL nanofibers was achieved in one step. Using the azide-alkyne “click chemistry”, we functionalized the azide-pegylated PCL nanofibers with dibenzocyclooctyne-modified nanocapsules containing growth factor, which rendered the nanofiber scaffold with satisfied cell adhesion and growth property. Moreover, by specific immobilization of pH-responsive nanocapsules containing bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), controlled release of active BMP-2 from the PCL nanofibers was achieved within 21 days. When bone mesenchyme stem cells were cultured on this nanofiber scaffold, enhanced ossification was observed in correlation with the time-dependent release of BMP-2. The established surface modification can be extended as a generic approach to hydrophobic nanomaterials for longtime sustainable release of multiplex signaling proteins for tissue engineering.

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Treatment of Alveolar Cleft Performing a Pyramidal Pocket and an Autologous Bone Grafting

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery ◽

10.1097/scs.0b013e3181b0dacd ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 1566-1570 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Paolo Giovanni Morselli ◽

Renzo Giuliani ◽

Valentina Pinto ◽

Carlo Maria Oranges ◽

Luca Negosanti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Grafting ◽

Alveolar Cleft ◽

Autologous Bone Grafting ◽

Autologous Bone

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Autologous Bone Grafting with Adjunctive Use of Acellular Dermal Matrix for Alveolar Cleft Defects: Early Outcomes

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/09-029_1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 216-221

Author(s):

Julio A. Clavijo-Alvarez ◽

Lisa Vecchione ◽

Gary DeCesare ◽

Chetan Irwin ◽

Darren M. Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Grafting ◽

Acellular Dermal Matrix ◽

Dermal Matrix ◽

Alveolar Cleft ◽

Autologous Bone Grafting ◽

Autologous Bone ◽

Acellular Dermal

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Re-operation rate after surgical treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus in paediatric and adolescent patients

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research ◽

10.1186/s13018-021-02282-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Körner ◽

Christoph E. Gonser ◽

Stefan Döbele ◽

Christian Konrads ◽

Fabian Springer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surgical Treatment ◽

Bone Grafting ◽

Cartilage Damage ◽

Osteochondral Lesions ◽

Retrograde Drilling ◽

Autologous Bone Grafting ◽

Operation Rate ◽

Group A ◽

Autologous Bone ◽

Group B

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to analyse the re-operation rate after surgical treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OCLTs) in children and adolescents. Methods Between 2009 and 2019, 27 consecutive patients with a solitary OCLT (10 male, 17 female; mean age 16.9 ± 2.2 years; 8 idiopathic vs. 19 traumatic) received primary operative treatment (arthroscopy + bone marrow stimulation [BMS], n = 8; arthroscopy + retrograde drilling, n = 8; autologous chondrocyte implantation [ACI]/autologous bone grafting, n = 9; arthroscopy + BMS + retrograde drilling; n = 1; flake fixation, n = 1). Seventeen OCLTs were located at the medial and ten at the lateral talus. ‘Re-operation’ as the outcome measure was evaluated after a median follow-up of 42 months (range 6–117 months). Patients were further subdivided into groups A (re-operation, n = 7) and B (no re-operation, n = 20). Groups A and B were compared with respect to epidemiological, lesion- and therapy-related variables. Results Seven of 27 patients needed a re-operation (re-operation rate 25.9% after a median interval of 31 months [range 13–61 months]). The following operative techniques were initially used in these seven patients: arthroscopy + BMS n = 2, arthroscopy + retrograde drilling n = 4, ACI + autologous bone grafting n = 1. A comparison of group A with group B revealed different OCLT characteristics between both groups. The intraoperative findings according to the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) classification revealed significantly more advanced cartilage damage in group B than in group A (p = 0.001). Conclusions We detected a re-operation rate of 25.9% after primary surgical OCLT treatment. Patients with re-operation had significantly lower ICRS classification stages compared to patients without re-operation.

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