Comment on the paper “Deep groundwater flow and geochemical processes in limestone aquifers: evidence from thermal waters in Derbyshire, England, UK” by John Gunn, Simon H Bottrell, David J Lowe, Stephen R H Worthington. Hydrogeology Journal (2006), 14 (6), 868–881

Attempt has been made to find the relationship between the basin groundwater flow and the current water chemistry of south-western part of Bangladesh considering their lithological distribution and aquifer condition. The correlation of water chemistry and basin groundwater flow is depicted in the conceptual model. The water-types of shallow groundwater are predominantly Mg-Na-HCO3 and Ca- Mg-Na-HCO3 type. In the deep aquifer of upper delta plain is predominately Na-Cl, Ca-HCO3 and Mg- HCO3 type. In the lower delta plain Na-Cl type of water mainly occurs in the shallow aquifer and occasionally Ca-HCO3, Ca-Mg-Na-HCO3 and Mg-HCO3 type may also occur in shallow aquifer of the eastern part of lower delta plain which could have originated from the recent recharge of rain water. Na- Cl type water is also found in the deep aquifer of lower delta plain. The origin of Na-Cl type water in the deep aquifer of lower delta part might be connate water or present day sea water intrusion. Fresh water occurring in the deep aquifer in the lower delta area is mostly of Mg-Ca-HCO3 and Na-HClO3 types. This type of water originate from intermediate or deep basin flow from the northern part of Bangladesh. The probable source of deep groundwater is Holocene marine transgression (Khan et al. 2000) occurred in 3000–7000 cal years BP and the deep groundwater of Upper Delta plain and Lower Delta plain is clearly influenced by deep basin flow coming from north part of BangladeshJournal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 42, No. 1, 41-54, 2018

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Characteristics of deep groundwater flow in a basin marginal setting at Sellafield, Northwest England: 36Cl and halide evidence

Applied Geochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.09.004 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 128-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Richard Metcalfe ◽

Mark B. Crawford ◽

Adrian H. Bath ◽

Anna K. Littleboy ◽

Paul J. Degnan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Flow ◽

Deep Groundwater

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Deep groundwater flow as the main pathway for chemical outputs in a small headwater watershed (Mule Hole, South India)

Applied Geochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.039 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. S94-S96 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J.C. Maréchal ◽

J. Riotte ◽

C. Lagane ◽

S. Subramanian ◽

C. Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Flow ◽

South India ◽

Deep Groundwater ◽

Main Pathway

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Deep Groundwater Recharge Mechanism in the Sedimentary and Crystalline Terrains of Sri Lanka: A Study Based on Environmental Isotopic and Chemical Signatures of Spring Water

10.22541/au.160647860.04328899/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sakhila Priyadarshanee ◽

Zhonghe Pang ◽

Viraj Edirisinghe ◽

H.A. Dharmagunawardhane ◽

H.M.T.G.A. Pitawala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Geochemical Characteristics ◽

Thermal Springs ◽

Thermal Waters ◽

Deep Groundwater ◽

Flow Paths ◽

Water Interaction ◽

Deep Aquifers ◽

Regional Flow ◽

Rock Water Interaction

In many instances, dynamic, potential status and geochemical characteristics of groundwater discharging through natural springs are not well known. Present study has assessed the deep groundwater in the form of thermal and non-thermal spring in artesian condition in the selected zones in Sri Lanka, using isotope and geochemical characteristics. The results revealed that evaporation-fractional crystallization and cation-exchange in the sedimentary aquifers while rock-water interaction in crystalline deep aquifers, are the significant mechanism that control the groundwater chemistry. All the deep groundwater recharged from meteoric water at different elevations and further influenced by either evaporation or rock-water interaction during the subsurface flow. Artesian aquifers in the sedimentary terrain in the north-western coastal zones showed the recharging elevation as from 100 to 200 m amsl. They are not mixed with sea water and slightly impacted by the locally evaporated surface waters. Almost all these waters are comparatively old; indicating slow movement along the regional flow paths. Considering the recharge and discharge conditions of artesian non-thermal waters in the Southern lowlands of crystalline terrain can be classified as non-mixed, non-evaporated and young groundwater with higher elevation recharge. The artesian non-thermal waters in the East North Central lowlands, have shown the same characteristics but with evaporated conditions. All artesian thermal waters are tritium free, hence they are older and deep percolated. Intensive rock-water interaction and higher altitude origin were observed in some thermal springs. Some spring clusters in the weathered overburden have shown significant mixing with recent local rains. Non-mixed, non-evaporated and less rock-water interacted nature is a significant in two thermal springs that emerges through (chemically inert) quartzite bed rock. Both thermal and non-thermal water with artesian condition have clearly indicated that they are originated from a common recharge source but with different flow paths in different penetration depths and travel distances, resulting different chemical characteristics. Fresh water springs are mostly young and recharged from local rains followed with shallow percolation.

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Strategic influence on deep groundwater flow in the Knox Group Copper Ridge dolomite on the West Chestnut Ridge site

10.2172/5903585 ◽

1987 ◽

Author(s):

R. R. Lee ◽

R. H. Ketelle

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Flow ◽

The West ◽

Deep Groundwater ◽

Strategic Influence

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Anthropogenic disturbances of natural ecohydrological processes in the Matlabas mountain mire, South Africa

South African Journal of Science ◽

10.17159/sajs.2019/5571 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 115 (5/6) ◽

Author(s):

Antoinette Bootsma ◽

Samer Elshehawi ◽

Ab Grootjans ◽

Piet-Louis Grundling ◽

Steven Khosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Groundwater Flow ◽

Southern Africa ◽

Wetland Management ◽

Terrestrial Vegetation ◽

Deep Groundwater ◽

Near Surface ◽

Water Flows ◽

Access Road ◽

Isotope Content

Matlabas is a mountain mire in Marakele National Park, located within the headwaters of the Limpopo River in South Africa. This mire consists of a complex of valley-bottom and seepage wetlands with small elevated peat domes. The occurrence of one decaying peat dome, which has burnt, and desiccated wetland areas with terrestrial vegetation has raised concerns. The aim of this study was to understand the mire features and water flows in order to identify the potential drivers causing wetland degradation. Wells and piezometers were installed to monitor the hydraulic head and collect water samples for analysis of ion composition, 18O and 2H stable isotope content, and δ13C and 14C isotope content for radiocarbon dating. Moreover, peat temperature profiles were measured and peat deposits were also dated using radiocarbon. Results indicate that the Matlabas mire developed in the lowest central-east side of the valley by paludification at the onset of the Holocene. During the Mid-Holocene, peat development was extended laterally by autogenic and allogenic processes. Three types of water flows driving peat development were identified – sheet flow, phreatic groundwater flow and deep groundwater flow – two of which are surface or near surface flows. The recent occurrence of decaying peat domes and desiccated wetland areas is possibly related to loss of exfiltrating deep groundwater flows that have resulted from drainage by the head-cut channels in the mire and interception of near surface water flow by an access road, respectively. Interventions should be undertaken to prevent further degradation of the mire. Significance: This study is the first, as far as we are aware, on the ecohydrology of an inland mountainous mire in southern Africa. The results highlight the importance of the current wetland management (including rehabilitation) initiatives in South Africa. The integrative ecohydrological methods can be applied in other headwater wetlands in southern Africa.

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Geochemical Approaches to Understanding a Shallow Groundwater Flow in the Kanamaru Uranium Mineralization Area (Japan)

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-0893-jj09-07 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 893 ◽

Author(s):

Regis Bros ◽

Yoji Seki ◽

Atsushi Kamei ◽

Yutaka Kanai ◽

Koichi Okuzawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Flow ◽

Flow System ◽

Shallow Groundwater ◽

Shallow Waters ◽

Vertical Diffusion ◽

Deep Groundwater ◽

Fresh Groundwater ◽

Activity Ratios ◽

Alkaline Earths ◽

Groundwater Systems

AbstractPredicting the behaviour of radioactive wastes can be facilitated by comparison with the evolution of natural groundwater systems. During a study of the Kanamaru U mineralization (Japan), geochemical approaches for understanding a shallow (0-50 m) fresh groundwater flow system are being assessed. Deep granitic waters are Ca-HCO3-dominated and slightly acidic to slightly alkaline. Shallow waters within sediments display lower pH and they are more dilute. Halide concentrations suggest the existence of a non marine Br-rich and Cl-depleted deep groundwater in the basement. 234U/238U and 230Th/234U activity ratios in the mineralized sedimentary rocks indicate that U mobilization took place within the last 350,000 years. U dissolution currently continues and it is controled by lateral groundwater flow whereas vertical diffusion appears negligible. Dissolved alkaline earths concentrations and the 87Sr/86Sr ratio indicate that solutes exchanges take place through uppermost low permeable granite followed by mixing with more dilute and Cl-type shallow groundwater.

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