scholarly journals Use of healthcare resources in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs or tofacitinib

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Enrique Machado-Alba ◽  
Manuel E. Machado-Duque ◽  
Andres Gaviria-Mendoza ◽  
Juan Manuel Reyes ◽  
Natalia Castaño Gamboa
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Healthcare Resources ◽  
Conventional Dmards ◽  
Disease Modifying

Abstract Introduction/objectives The objective of this study is to describe the treatment patterns and use of healthcare resources in a cohort of Colombian patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) or tofacitinib. Method This is a descriptive study from a retrospective cohort of patients diagnosed with RA who were treated with bDMARDs or tofacitinib after failure of conventional DMARDs (cDMARDs) or first bDMARD. Patients who were receiving pharmacological treatment between 01 January 2014 and 30 June 2018 were included. The analysis is through the revision of claim database and electronical medical records. Demographic and clinical data were collected. The costs of healthcare resources were estimated from the billing expense of healthcare service provider. Results We evaluated 588 RA patients on treatment with bDMARDs (n = 505) or tofacitinib (n = 83), most of them were in combination with cDMARDs (85.4%). The 88.1% were females and mean age was 57.3 ± 12.5 years. The median evolution of RA since diagnosis was 9 years (IQR:4–17.2). The mean duration of use during follow-up of the bDMARDs or tofacitinib was similar, with a mean of 9.8 ± 1.9 months. It was identified that 394 (67.0%) discontinued therapy. The average annual direct cost of care per patient was USD 8997 ± 2172, where 97.2% was due to drug costs. The average annual cost of treatment per patient with bDMARDs was USD 8604 and tofacitinib was USD 6377. Conclusions In the face of a first failure of cDMARD, bDMARDs are frequently added. A high frequency of patients do not persist treatment during the first year of follow-up. The pharmacological treatment is the most representative cause of healthcare costs. Key Points• Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease with a high burden of comorbidities, complications, and worse health-related quality of life and is associated with elevated healthcare costs.• The biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs or tofacitinib medications are indicated for those with significant progression of the disease and when there is a need for alternatives to achieve low levels of activity and remission.• Patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs or tofacitinib represent a significant economic burden to the health system, especially in the costs derived from pharmacological treatment.

scholarly journals Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis With an Inadequate Response to Disease‐Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs at a Higher Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung‐Yuan Hsu ◽  
Yu‐Jih Su ◽  
Jia‐Feng Chen ◽  
Chi‐Chin Sun ◽  
Tien‐Tsai Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Inadequate Response ◽  
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Disease Modifying

Background Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It is believed that using disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) to control inflammation can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated whether patients who responded differently to DMARDs might sustain different cardiovascular events. Methods and Results We designed a cohort study using the Chang Gung Research Database. We identified 7114 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. After strict exclusion criteria, we collected 663 individuals as an inadequate response to DMARDs group. Then, 2034 individuals were included as the control group. The end point was composite vascular outcomes, including acute coronary syndrome or ischemic stroke. We used the inverse probability of treatment weighting to keep the covariates between these 2 groups well balanced. We compared the risk of these outcomes using the Cox proportional hazards model. The mean follow‐up time was 4.7 years. During follow‐up, there were 7.5% and 6.4% of patients with composite vascular outcomes in the DMARD‐inadequate response and control groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in the risk of composite vascular outcomes (95% CI, 0.94–1.41) and ischemic stroke (95% CI, 0.84–1.36). The risk of acute coronary syndrome was significantly higher in the DMARD‐inadequate response group (hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.02–2.05). Conclusions Patients with DMARD‐inadequate response rheumatoid arthritis have a higher risk of developing acute coronary syndrome than those whose disease can be controlled by DMARDs.

scholarly journals AB0177 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS SAUDI DATABASE (RASD): A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1388.2-1388
Author(s):  
R. Hassan ◽  
M. Cheikh ◽  
H. Almoallim ◽  
H. Faruqui ◽  
R. Alquraa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Treat To Target ◽  
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Low Disease Activity ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
Disease Modifying

Background:National Registries are essential to direct current practice and design appropriate management strategies1. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) registries in the middle east and north Africa remain scarcely represented2.Objectives:Our objective is to describe the Saudi RA population and to compare the findings to internationally reported data.Methods:This is a cross sectional, analytical study that was conducted at Doctor Soliman Fakeeh Hospital (DSFH). The study ran from December of 2014 and concluded in December of 2018 using a pool of 433 patients. Inclusion criteria included adults older than 18 years of age who fulfilled the 2010 American College of Rheumatology criteria for diagnosis of RA3. Data were collected from patients and entered in a specially designed program for this registry. They included main demographic details,, lag times to final disease diagnosis. Disease Activity Score-28-C Reactive Protein (DAS-28-CRP) was calculated on presentation and on subsequent visits with intervals ranging from three to six months between them. Multiple regression model was used to assess the predictors of disease activity. We charted the lines of medications given, including conventional and biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), following treat to target strategies4.Results:Out of 430 patients, 76.68% were female, while only 23.32% were male and the mean age was found to be 49.26 years with SD±11.At initial presentation, 45.5% had demonstrated active disease (moderate or high disease activity) based on DAS-28-CRP scores while 54.5% were in remission or low disease activity. Out of the total number of clinic visitors, 330 had regular follow ups for more than 1 year while 103 patients were either irregularly visiting the rheumatology clinic or had lost follow up. The remission rates after 1 year had increased to 79.7% (263 patients), while 9.7% (32 patients) had low disease activity and no patients had sustained high disease activity at the end of follow up. It was also found that the female gender, higher Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) and a longer lag1/lag2 period were associated with higher disease activity in our population. Biologic medications had been used by 129 patients (29.7%) while conventional DMARDs were given to 304 patients (70.3%).Conclusion:We described a population of RA patients in a single center in SA. We detected higher remission rates at one year of follow up. This could be attributed to many factors, including good referral systems and treat to target strategies with easier access to biologic medications.References:[1]Singh JA, Saag KG, Bridges SL Jr, Akl EA, Bannuru RR, Sullivan MC, Vaysbrot E, McNaughton C, Osani M, Shmerling RH, Curtis JR, Furst DE, Parks D, Kavanaugh A, O’Dell J, King C, Leong A, Matteson EL, Schousboe JT, Drevlow B, Ginsberg S, Grober J, St Clair EW, Tindall E, Miller AS, McAlindon T. 2015 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.Arthritis Rheumatol.2016 Jan;68(1):1-26.[2]Smolen, Josef S., et al. “EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2013 update.”Annals of the rheumatic diseases73.3 (2014): 492-509.[3]Saag KG, Teng GG, Patkar NM, Anuntiyo J, Finney C, Curtis JR, et al. American College of Rheumatology 2008 recommendations for the use of nonbiologic and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis.Arthritis Rheum2008;59: 762–84.[4]Hussain W, Noorwali A, Janoudi N. From symptoms to diagnosis: an observational study of the journey of rheumatoid arthritis patients in Saudi Arabia.Oman Med J.2016;31(1):29.Disclosure of Interests:Rola Hassan Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Mohamed Cheikh Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Hani Almoallim Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Hanan Faruqui Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Reem AlQuraa Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Ayman Eissa Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Aous Alhazmi Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals, Nahid Janoudi Grant/research support from: Pfizer pharmaceuticals

scholarly journals Biologic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs and Risk of Multiple Myeloma

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1888-1888
Author(s):  
Gregory Sampang Calip ◽  
Karen Sweiss ◽  
Sruthi Adimadhyam ◽  
Alemseged Ayele Asfaw ◽  
Jifang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Biologic Dmards ◽  
Conventional Dmards ◽  
Oral Corticosteroids ◽  
Biologic Dmard ◽  
Disease Modifying

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are used more frequently and earlier in the course of rheumatologic conditions in a treat-to-target approach. These medications act on proteins and cytokines with potential pro- and anti-malignancy roles, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), human interleukin (IL) receptors and B- and T-cell functions. There is concern for hematologic malignancy with some but not all biologic DMARDs. Little is known about possible associations between these medications and development of multiple myeloma (MM). Our purpose was to determine risk of MM in relation to biologic DMARD treatment, duration of use and by biologic target in a large cohort of patients with rheumatologic conditions. METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study within a cohort of adults undergoing active treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Patients were sampled from a population of commercially-insured U.S. health plan enrollees in the Truven Health MarketScan Research Database between 2009 and 2015. MM cases were ascertained using validated algorithms for administrative data. Up to ten controls from the overall cohort were matched to each MM case on age, sex and rheumatologic indication using incidence density sampling with replacement. Index date was defined as the date of MM diagnosis for a case and corresponding time at-risk for matched controls. Exposure was defined as both treatment and duration of biologic DMARD use including TNF inhibitor (etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, certolizumab pegol), IL-6 receptor antagonist (tocilizumab), T-cell targeted (abatacept) and B-cell depleting (rituximab) agents and were determined from health claims and pharmacy dispensing data. Data on rheumatologic indication, comorbid conditions and treatment with prescription nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids and conventional synthetic DMARDs (hydroxychloroquine, sulfasalazine, methotrexate, leflunomide) were documented in the 12 month baseline period and during follow up as potential confounders. An exposure lag time of 365 days was used to minimize protopathic bias. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for risk of MM associated with biologic DMARDs. RESULTS: From a retrospective cohort of 56866 adult patients with rheumatologic conditions, 287 MM cases and 2760 matched controls were identified. Compared to controls, a higher proportion of cases had Charlson comorbidity scores of 2 or greater (24% vs 18%) and used oral corticosteroids during follow up (67% vs 61%). Cases and controls were similar with respect to use of prescription NSAIDs (56% vs 59%) and use of conventional DMARDs (63% vs 67%). Use of biologic DMARDs overall was similar between cases and controls (14% vs 15%), although cases had a slightly lower proportion of etanercept users (5% vs 7%) and a slightly higher proportion of tocilizumab users (1.4% vs 0.4%). Biologic DMARD users were younger, more likely to have psoriatic arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis, lower comorbidity and greater use of concomitant NSAIDs and oral corticosteroids. Risk of MM was neither associated with biologic DMARD use overall (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.57, 1.26; P=0.40) nor with longer duration of biologic DMARD use (>2.5 years: OR 0.72; 95% CI 0.34, 1.52; P=0.39). However, compared to patients treated with only conventional DMARDs, those receiving concomitant conventional plus biologic DMARDs had a 48% lower risk of developing MM (OR 0.52; 95% CI 0.30, 0.88; P=0.02). Associations with MM appeared to differ by specific biologic DMARD agent with estimates suggesting a lowered risk of MM with use of etanercept (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.30, 1.02; P=0.06) and greater risk with use of tocilizumab (OR 4.33; 95% CI 1.33, 14.19; P=0.02) that was statistically significant, although confidence intervals were wide. CONCLUSIONS: The potential influence of biologic DMARDs on multiple myeloma is complex. We found that immune suppression with conventional plus biologic DMARDs is inversely associated with MM risk in patients with rheumatologic conditions, but this association differed by biologic drug target. Further research is needed to understand the roles of DMARDs targeting TNF and IL-6 in relation to subsequent myeloma pathogenesis. Disclosures Patel: Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria.

scholarly journals AB0141 THE DYNAMICAL TRAJECTORY OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS TAPERING AND DISCONTINUATION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS COMMENCING GLUCOCORTICOIDS WITH CSDMARDS: A REAL-WORLD DATA FROM 2009 TO 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1098.1-1098
Author(s):  
W. Xie ◽  
H. Huang ◽  
Z. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Real World ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Cumulative Probability ◽  
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Disease Modifying

Background:Glucocorticoids (GC) are currently recommended as bridging therapy in combination with csDMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and should be tapered as rapidly as clinically feasible for safety concerns about their long-term use [1-3].Objectives:To unravel the dynamical trajectory and characteristics of GCs tapering and discontinuation in RA patients commencing GCs with concomitant csDMARDs.Methods:We used data from longitudinal real-world TARRA (Treat-to-TARget in RA) cohort in Peking University First Hospital. RA patient who started GCs and contaminant csDMARDs therapy over 1-year follow-up were included. The changes in GCs dose and disease activity in the context of csDMARDs were evaluated. GCs discontinuation rate was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. The relapse profiles within 6 months after GCs discontinuation were also analyzed.Results:A total of 207 RA patients were included. During a median follow-up duration of 38.6 months, 124 (59.9%) patients discontinued GC. The median oral prednisolone dose of 10 (5-10) mg/d at initiation was reduced by 50% in the first 6 months and then more slowly reduced, finally to zero by 48 months. The cumulative probability of GCs discontinuation was 26.6% at year 1, 48.0% at year 2, 58.6% at year 3, with calculated median time of 27 months (Figure 1). Of the 124 patients who discontinued GCs, add of other csDMARDs or increment of current csDMARDs was required in 29.0% of them. Approximately half of 124 patients were in clinical remission at the time point of GCs discontinuation. Within 6 months after GCs withdrawal, 79.1% (91/115) of participants maintained relapse-free.Figure 1.Kaplan-Meier curve with cumulative probability of glucocorticoids discontinuation in RA patients who start glucocorticoids with concomitant csDMARDs during the follow-up period. csDMARDs: conventional synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs.Conclusion:In RA patients commencing GCs in addition to csDMARDs, GCs are feasibly discontinued with favorable control of disease activity in real-life setting, mostly without short-term flare. Adding targeted therapies are sometimes required to attain GCs discontinuation within the time frame of 3 months in current guidelines.References:[1]Hoes JN, Jacobs JW, Buttgereit F, Bijlsma JW. Current view of glucocorticoid co-therapy with DMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2010 Dec;6(12):693-702. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2010.179.[2]Smolen JS, Landewé RBM, Bijlsma JWJ, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2019 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Jun;79(6):685-699. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216655.[3]Conn DL. The Story Behind the Use of Glucocorticoids in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2020 Dec 17;51(1):15-19. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.09.016.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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