No effect of approved fibromyalgia drugs on the social pain (invalidation) contrary to physical pain: an open-label short-term randomized clinical trial

Social pain and physical pain have historically been conceptualized as distinct phenomena. Recent research, however, has noted several similarities between the two. The present chapter establishes the physiological basis of social pain. Further, the chapter explores the relational precedents and correlates of social pain. By synthesizing research that explores definitional elements of social pain, the reviewed literature explores the social basis of hurt. The chapter also reviews the extant research that posits similarities in the neural processing of social and physical pain. These similarities are further explained by examining findings that have emphasized parallels between cognitive, behavioral, and physiological responses to both social and physical pain. Shortcomings in the current research are reviewed, and several future directions are offered for researchers interested in the physiology of social pain.

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Short‐term efficacy of a gel containing propolis extract, nanovitamin C and nanovitamin E on peri‐implant mucositis: A double‐blind, randomized, clinical trial

Journal of Periodontal Research ◽

10.1111/jre.12886 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

José González‐Serrano ◽

Rosa María López‐Pintor ◽

Julia Serrano ◽

Jesús Torres ◽

Gonzalo Hernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Short Term ◽

Double Blind ◽

Propolis Extract ◽

Term Efficacy

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The short-term efficacy of electrical pudendal nerve stimulation versus intravesical instillation for the urethral pain syndrome: a randomized clinical trial

World Journal of Urology ◽

10.1007/s00345-021-03698-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tian Li ◽

Xin Y. Feng ◽

Xiao M. Feng ◽

Jian W. Lv ◽

Ting T. Lv ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Nerve Stimulation ◽

Pudendal Nerve ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Intravesical Instillation ◽

Short Term ◽

Pudendal Nerve Stimulation ◽

Term Efficacy ◽

Urethral Pain

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Clinical Outcomes, Structure, and Function Improve With Both Heavy and Moderate Loads in the Treatment of Patellar Tendinopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546520988741 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 982-993

Author(s):

Anne-Sofie Agergaard ◽

Rene B. Svensson ◽

Nikolaj M. Malmgaard-Clausen ◽

Christian Couppé ◽

Mikkel H. Hjortshoej ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Power Doppler ◽

Patellar Tendinopathy ◽

Short Term ◽

Level Of Evidence

Background: Loading interventions have become a predominant treatment strategy for tendinopathy, and positive clinical outcomes and tendon tissue responses may depend on the exercise dose and load magnitude. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to investigate if the load magnitude influenced the effect of a 12-week loading intervention for patellar tendinopathy in the short term (12 weeks) and long term (52 weeks). We hypothesized that a greater load magnitude of 90% of 1 repetition maximum (RM) would yield a more positive clinical outcome, tendon structure, and tendon function compared with a lower load magnitude of 55% of 1 RM when the total exercise volume was kept equal in both groups. Study Design: Randomized clinical trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A total of 44 adult participants with chronic patellar tendinopathy were included and randomized to undergo moderate slow resistance (MSR group; 55% of 1 RM) or heavy slow resistance (HSR group; 90% of 1 RM). Function and symptoms (Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment–Patella questionnaire [VISA-P]), tendon pain during activity (numeric rating scale [NRS]), and ultrasound findings (tendon vascularization and swelling) were assessed before the intervention, at 6 and 12 weeks during the intervention, and at 52 weeks from baseline. Tendon function (functional tests) and tendon structure (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging) were investigated before and after the intervention period. Results: The HSR and MSR interventions both yielded significant clinical improvements in the VISA-P score (mean ± SEM) (HSR: 0 weeks, 58.8 ± 4.3; 12 weeks, 70.5 ± 4.4; 52 weeks, 79.7 ± 4.6) (MSR: 0 weeks, 59.9 ± 2.5; 12 weeks, 72.5 ± 2.9; 52 weeks, 82.6 ± 2.5), NRS score for running, NRS score for squats, NRS score for preferred sport, single-leg decline squat, and patient satisfaction after 12 weeks, and these were maintained after 52 weeks. HSR loading was not superior to MSR loading for any of the measured clinical outcomes. Similarly, there were no differences in functional (strength and jumping ability) or structural (tendon thickness, power Doppler area, and cross-sectional area) improvements between the groups undergoing HSR and MSR loading. Conclusion: There was no superior effect of exercising with a high load magnitude (HSR) compared with a moderate load magnitude (MSR) for the clinical outcome, tendon structure, or tendon function in the treatment of patellar tendinopathy in the short term. Both HSR and MSR showed equally good, continued improvements in outcomes in the long term but did not reach normal values for healthy tendons. Registration: NCT03096067 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier)

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