The vessel density of the superficial retinal capillary plexus as a new biomarker in cerebral small vessel disease: an optical coherence tomography angiography study

Optical coherence tomography angiography imaging in two patients with oculocutaneous albinism, one with severe nystagmus, showed persistence of both the superficial and the deep retinal capillary plexus adding another vascular feature to the foveal hypoplasia.

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Optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672119895701 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 1418-1423 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Claudio Furino ◽

Grazia Montrone ◽

Maria Vittoria Cicinelli ◽

Stefania Balestra ◽

Maria Oliva Grassi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Foveal Avascular Zone ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Avascular Zone ◽

Capillary Plexus ◽

Superficial Capillary Plexus

Purpose: To investigate a subset of diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy with optical coherence tomography angiography, assessing the differences in macular perfusion between diseased eyes and healthy controls. Methods: Monocentric cross-sectional study, including 86 eyes from 43 diabetic patients with no clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy and 78 eyes from 39 controls. Patients underwent 3.0 × 3.0 mm and 4.5 × 4.5 mm swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography. Vessel density (%), foveal avascular zone area (mm2), and avascular density (%) were provided for the superficial capillary plexus and the deep capillary plexus. Results: The foveal avascular zone area at the superficial capillary plexus was larger in the study group compared to controls, irrespective of the area of the slab considered. A meaningful difference was found in the vessel density at the deep capillary plexus of the 3.0 × 3.0 mm slab (p = 0.03). Almost all the variables considered in the study showed a significant within-subject effect. Age significantly correlated with vessel density of superficial capillary plexus on 4.5 × 4.5 mm in both control and diabetic eyes. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with subclinical diabetic retinopathy feature a larger foveal avascular zone at the superficial capillary plexus compared with controls, as well as relative reduction of the vessel density at the deep capillary plexus. These findings might serve as the basis for screening between normal and diabetic subjects.

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Parafoveal and Peripapillary Perfusion Predict Visual Field Recovery in Chiasmal Compression due to Pituitary Tumors

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9030697 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 697 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ga-In Lee ◽

Kyung-Ah Park ◽

Sei Yeul Oh ◽

Doo-Sik Kong

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Visual Field ◽

Pituitary Tumors ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Mean Deviation ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Fiber Layer ◽

Chiasmal Compression ◽

Retinal Capillary ◽

Capillary Plexus

Background: To evaluate the potential of vessel density alterations for predicting postoperative visual field (VF) improvement in chiasmal compression using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Methods: The study investigated 57 eyes of 57 patients diagnosed with pituitary tumors and 42 eyes of 42 age and refractive error matched controls. All eyes with chiasmal compression for which preoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-A, and pre- and postoperative VF data were available. Preoperative vessel densities of superficial retinal capillary plexus (SRCP), deep retinal capillary plexus (DRCP), and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) segment were utilized by OCT-A. Results: Preoperative peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell layer complex thickness and vessel densities of SRCP and RPC segments in eyes with chiasmal compression were significantly reduced compared with healthy controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.007, and p = 0.020, respectively). In multivariate regression analysis, preoperative perimetric mean deviation (MD) (p = 0.002) and vessel density of SRCP (p = 0.025) were correlated significantly with postoperative perimetric MD. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between preoperative MD on perimetry (r = 0.443, p = 0.001), vessel densities of SRCP (r = 0.288, p = 0.035) and RPC segment (r = 0.347, p = 0.009), and postoperative perimetric MD. Conclusions: Structural degeneration referred to as microvascular alterations measured by OCT-A and preoperative VF defects were associated with worse postoperative VF prognosis. Parafoveal and peripapillary vessel densities may serve as a sensitive, structural prognostic factors in the preoperative judgement of chiasmal compression.

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Comparison of the Repeatability of Macular Vascular Density Measurements Using Four Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Systems

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2019/4372580 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jingyuan Yang ◽

Mingzhen Yuan ◽

Erqian Wang ◽

Youxin Chen

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Vascular Density ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Capillary Plexus ◽

Scan Pattern

The aim of this study was to compare the repeatability of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) measurements of macular vessel density using four OCT-A systems, including Heidelberg Spectralis HRA, Optovue RTVue XR, Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT 5000, and Topcon DRI OCT Triton. A cross-sectional design was used for this study. The vascular density and vascular length density of the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexuses were imaged with OCT-A using 3 mm and 6 mm scan patterns and were calculated using ImageJ. Comparisons of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were conducted. We found that the OCT-A systems had various levels of repeatability. Zeiss had better repeatability for vessel density than the other systems (overall ICC = 0.936). Optovue had better repeatability for vessel length density when the 6 mm scan pattern was used (ICC = 0.680 and 0.700 for retinal superficial and deep capillary plexus, respectively). We concluded that repeatability varied when different scan patterns of various OCT-A systems were used for imaging the superficial retinal and deep capillary plexuses. Results should be seen as valid only for a given method. The repeatability of various OCT-A systems should be considered in clinical practice and in clinical trials that use OCT-A metrics as outcome measures.

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Quantification of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Age and Age-related Macular Degeneration using Vessel Density analysis

10.1101/19003053 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ehsan Vaghefi ◽

Sophie Hill ◽

Hannah M Kersten ◽

David Squirrell

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Macular Degeneration ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Retinal Vessel ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Age Related ◽

Capillary Plexus ◽

Retinal Vessel Density

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether vessel density (VD) as measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) provide insights into retinal and choriocapillaris vascular changes with ageing and intermediate dry age related macular degeneration (AMD).MethodsSeventy-five participants were recruited into three cohorts; young healthy (YH) group, old healthy (OH) and those at high-risk for exudative AMD. Raw OCT and OCT-A data from TOPCON DRI OCT Triton were exported using Topcon IMAGENET 6.0 software, and 3D datasets were analysed to determine retinal thickness and vessel density.ResultsCentral macular thickness measurements revealed a trend of overall retinal thinning with increasing age. VD through the full thickness of the retina was highest in ETDRS sector 4 (the inferior macula) in all the cohorts. Mean VD was significantly higher in the deep capillary plexus than the superficial capillary plexus in all ETDRS sectors in all cohorts but there was no significant difference noted between groups. Choriocapillaris VD was significantly lower in all ETDRS sectors in the in the AMD group compared with the YH and the OH groups.ConclusionsRetinal vessel density maps, derived from the retinal plexi are not reliable biomarkers for assessing the ageing macular. Our non-proprietary analysis of the vascular density of the choriocapillaris revealed a significant drop off of VD with age and disease but further work is required to corroborate this finding. If repeatable, choriocapillaris VD may provide a non-invasive biomarker of healthy ageing and disease.Brief SummaryIn this manuscript, we have studied the potential of retinal vessel density as measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), as a biomarker for detection of high-risk of developing exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

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Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Early Stage 1a Retinal Hemangioblastoma in Von-Hippel-Lindau

Journal of Kidney Cancer and VHL ◽

10.15586/jkcvhl.v8i3.158 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 15-18

Author(s):

Ananya Goswami ◽

Abhidnya Surve ◽

Pradeep Venkatesh

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Early Stage ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Von Hippel Lindau ◽

Retinal Capillary ◽

Capillary Plexus ◽

Retinal Hemangioblastoma ◽

Retinal Capillaries

Von-Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome is characterized by focal vasoproliferative tumors of retinal capillaries called retinal capillary hemangio-blastomas (RCH). These tumors are initially small and can be easily missed if not looked for carefully. As they grow, these tumors are more demanding to treat and hence the importance of detecting them early and treating them. Herein, we describe and review the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) of the early-stage lesion, which suggested the involvement of superficial and a deeper retinal capillary plexus. In addition, to helping us detect these lesions earlier, OCTA may also help to understand the in vivo changes occurring at an earlier phase.

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Efficacy of balloon angioplasty using Lacrosse^|^#174; non-slip element in acute myocardial infarction with small vessel disease ^|^#8212;Assessment with intracoronary optical coherence tomography^|^#8212;

Journal of the Japanese Coronary Association ◽

10.7793/jcoron.19.519 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 240-246

Author(s):

Koichi Mizuno ◽

Tomoo Harada ◽

Fumihiko Miyake

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Balloon Angioplasty ◽

Small Vessel Disease ◽

Small Vessel ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Vessel Disease

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Macular vessel density differs in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: An optical coherence tomography angiography study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0253417 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0253417

Author(s):

Małgorzata Rogaczewska ◽

Sławomir Michalak ◽

Marcin Stopa

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Ganglion Cell ◽

Neuromyelitis Optica ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽

Vessel Density ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽

Capillary Plexus

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are inflammatory and demyelinating diseases that commonly manifest with optic neuritis (ON) but differ in the pathogenic mechanism. Although it was shown that retinal vessels might alter in MS and NMOSD, a comparative study has not been reported. This study evaluated the macular vessel density in 40 MS patients, 13 NMOSD patients, and 20 controls using optical coherence tomography angiography. The vessel density of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) was significantly lower in ON eyes (MS+ON, NMOSD+ON) than in non-ON eyes (MS-ON, NMOSD-ON) and controls. The density of deep capillary plexus (DCP) was significantly increased in MS+ON and MS-ON eyes compared to healthy eyes. In NMOSD+ON and NMOSD-ON, the DCP did not remarkably differ from the control group. A significant positive correlation was noted between SCP and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in MS+ON, MS-ON, and NMOSD+ON. The DCP did not significantly correlate with GCC thickness, but it increased or decreased with ganglion cell loss in MS and NMOSD, respectively. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the capillary changes in MS patients are secondary to ganglion cells’ atrophy, while vasculopathy seems to be a primary process in NMOSD patients.

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