Progress of oxidation of non-phenolic lignin moiety in an oxygen bleaching process via the conversion of non-phenolic into phenolic lignin moiety

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Ohmura ◽  
Tomoya Yokoyama ◽  
Yuji Matsumoto
2014 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Hua Ling He ◽  
Sheng Lu ◽  
Ming Su Song ◽  
Zhi Cai Yu ◽  
De Hong Cheng

In this study, a type of non-silicon oxygen bleaching stabilizer was used to cotton fabric in the hydrogen peroxide bleaching process. This type of novel non-silicon oxygen bleaching stabilizer was prepared mainly with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and magnesium chloride. The results showed that adding the non-silicon oxygen bleaching stabilizer into the bleaching solution obviously decreased the hydrogen peroxide decomposition rate and improved the fabric whiteness. Optimal conditions was found as follow: non-silicon oxygen bleaching stabilizer 4.5 g/l; bleaching temperature 75-85 °C; pH of bleaching liquid 11; bleaching time 40-45 min. In summary, the results showed that the self-made non-silicon oxygen bleaching stabilizer could make the cotton fabrics obtained great whiteness, capillary ability and breaking strength.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paryono ,

In this study, the unbleached pulp was made in the laboratory by cooking conditions: Active Alkali (AA) 18%, Sulfidity (S) 32%, ratio 1: 4, maximum temperature 165 oC, with cooking time of 2 + 1.5 hours. Pulp with kappa number of 20.01 and 52.30% yield was produced. Oxygen bleaching process was varied into a single stage bleaching process, a two-stage bleaching process with and without washing. The results showed that the two stages oxygen bleaching processes, without washing with variation of NaOH addition 100:0 and 80:20 gave the higher reduction of kappa number and the increasing of bleaching yield compare to one stage oxygen bleaching. The higher reduction of kappa number gave the higher of reduction of viscosity, but had no effect on fiber composition. Two oxygen stage bleaching without washing is recommended.Key words : oxygen bleaching, kappa number, viscosity, yield filtered  ABSTRAKPada penelitian ini pulp belum putih dibuat di laboratorium dengan kondisi pemasakan : AA 18 %, S 32 %, rasio 1 : 4, temperatur maksimum 165 OC, dan waktu 2 + 1,5 jam. Dihasilkan pulp dengan bilangan kappa 20,01 dan rendemen tersaring 52,30 %. Proses pemutihan oksigen divariasi menjadi proses pemutihan satu tahap, proses pemutihan dua tahap dengan dan tanpa pencucian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemutihan oksigen dua tahap tanpa proses pencucian dengan variasi penambahan NaOH 100 : 0 dan 80 : 20 memberikan penurunan bilangan kappa yang lebih besar dan peningkatan rendemen pemutihan dibanding dengan pemutihan oksigen satu tahap. Penurunan viskositas sebanding dengan penurunan bilangan kappa, dimana semakin besar penurunan bilangan kappa juga mengakibatkan penurunan viskositas yang semakin besar tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap komposisi serat. Pemutihan oksigen dua tahap tanpa proses pencucian sangat disarankan. Kata kunci : pemutihan oksigen, bilangan kappa, viskositas, rendemen tersaring  


1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nevalainen ◽  
P.-R. Rantala ◽  
J. Junna ◽  
R. Lammi

Conventional and oxygen bleaching effluents from hardwood kraft pulp mills were treated in laboratory-scale activated sludge processes. The main interest was the fate of organochlorine compounds in the activated sludge process. In the treatment of conventional bleaching wastewaters the BOD7-reduction was 80-91 % and in oxygen bleaching wastewaters 86-93 %. The respective CODCr removals were about 40 % and about 50 %. The AOX reductions were on average 22 % and 40 % in the treatment of conventional and oxygen bleaching effluents, respectively. The reductions of chlorinated phenols, guajacols and catecols were usually more than 50 % in both reactors. Very little accumulation of AOX into the sludge was observed. The stripping of AOX from aeration unit was insignificant.


1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 1621-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Böhm ◽  
Mojmír Adamec ◽  
Stanislav Nešpůrek ◽  
Josef Kuthan

Molecular geometries of 2,4,4,6-tetraphenyl-4H-pyran (Ia), 4,4-(biphenyl-2,2e-diyl)-2,6-diphenyl-4H-pyran (Ib) and their heterocyclic isomers II-V were optimized by the PM3 method and used for the calculation of electronic absorption spectra by the CNDO/S-CI procedure. Comparison of the theoretical data with experimental UV-VIS absorption spectra made possible to select hypervalent molecules IIIa, IIIb, IVa and IVb being responsible for the photocolouration of 4H-pyrans Ia, Ib, while compounds Va, Vb, VI and VII come into account as possible photodegradation products. The bleaching process of the UV illuminated compound Ia is analyzed in terms of dispersive first-order reaction kinetics.


Cellulose ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 1071-1083
Author(s):  
Nanfang Wang ◽  
Peixin Tang ◽  
Cunyi Zhao ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Gang Sun

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document