Prevalence and genetic relatedness of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Israel

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 719-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Regev-Yochay ◽  
Y. Carmeli ◽  
M. Raz ◽  
E. Pinco ◽  
J. Etienne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

scholarly journals Evaluation of in vitro activity of ceftaroline on methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus blood isolates from Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negin Abdizadeh ◽  
Mehri Haeili ◽  
Hossein Samadi Kafil ◽  
Amin Ahmadi ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Chromosomal Mutations ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background and Objectives: Ceftaroline (CPT) is a novel cephalosporin with potent activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Despite its recent introduction, CPT resistance in MRSA has been described worldwide. We aimed in the current study to evaluate the in vitro activity of CPT against 91 clinical MRSA and 3 MSSA isolates. Materials and Methods: Susceptibility of isolates to CPT was tested using E-test and disk diffusion (DD) method. The nu- cleotide sequence of the mecA gene and molecular types of isolates with reduced susceptibility to CPT were further studied to identify resistance conferring mutations in PBP2a and the genetic relatedness of the isolates respectively. Results: Overall, 92.5% of isolates were found to be CPT susceptible (MICs≤1mg/l) and 7 MRSA isolates were character- ized with MIC=2mg/l and categorized as susceptible dose dependent. Compared to E-test, DD revealed a categorical agree- ment rate of 93.6% and the obtained rates for minor, major /very major error were found to be 6.3% and 0% respectively. The MRSA isolates with increased CPT MICs (n=7), belonged to spa types t030 (n=6) and t13927 (n=1) and all carried N146K substitution in PBP2a allosteric domain, except for one isolate which harbored a wild-type PBP2a. Conclusion: While resistance to CPT was not detected we found increased CPT MICs in 7.69% of MRSA isolates. Reduced susceptibility to CPT in the absence of mecA mutations is indicative of contribution of secondary chromosomal mutations in resistance development.

scholarly journals Molecular and phenotypic characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospitalized patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (07) ◽  
pp. 743-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caio Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Alexandre Tadachi Morey ◽  
Jussevania Pereira Santos ◽  
Ludmila Vilela Pereira Gomes ◽  
Juscélio Donizete Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Sccmec Type ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Encoding Genes

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the leading causes of infections acquired in both community and hospital settings. In this study, MRSA isolated from different sources of hospitalized patients was characterized by molecular and phenotypic methods. Methodology: A total of 123 S. aureus isolates were characterized according to their genetic relatedness by repetitive element sequence based-PCR (REP-PCR), in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility profile, SCCmec typing and presence of seven virulence factor-encoding genes. Results: REP-PCR fingerprinting showed low relatedness between the isolates, and the predominance of one specific lineage or clonal group was not observed. All isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin and linezolide. All isolates were resistant to cefoxitin and penicillin, and the majority were also resistant to one or more other antimicrobials. Fifty isolates (41.7%) were intermediately resistant to vancomycin. Most isolates harbored SCCmec type II (53.7%), followed by type I (22.8%), type IV (8.1%) and type III (1.6%). All isolates harbored at least two virulence factor-encoding genes, and the prevalence was as follows: coa, 100%; icaA, 100%; hla, 13.0%; hlb, 91.1%, hld, 91.1%; lukS-PV and lukF-PV, 2.4%; and tst, 34.1%. A positive association with the presence of hla and SCCmec type II, and tst and SCCmec type I was observed. Conclusion: This study showed the high virulence potential of multidrug-resistant MRSA circulating in a teaching hospital. A high prevalence of MRSA showing intermediate vancomycin resistance was also observed, indicating the urgent need to improve strategies for controlling the use of antimicrobials for appropriate management of S. aureus infections.

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Trauma Population: Does Decolonization Prevent Infection?

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 1407-1412
Author(s):  
Robert A. Maxwell ◽  
Chasen A. Croft ◽  
C. Buddy Creech ◽  
Isaac Thomsen ◽  
Nicole Soper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Trauma Population ◽  
Nasal Swabs

The purpose of this study was to determine if a decolonization regimen reduces the frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections and if colonization isolates are genetically related to subsequent infectious strains. Trauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit with positive MRSA nasal swabs were randomized to either daily chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) baths and mupirocin (MUP) ointment to the nares or soap and water baths and placebo ointment for five days. Nasal swabs performed at the end of treatment and invasive MRSA infections during the remaining hospitalization were compared with the original nasal isolate via polymerase chain reaction for genetic relatedness as well as CHG and MUP resistance genes. Six hundred and seventy-eight intensive care unit admissions were screened, and 92 (13.6%) had positive (+) MRSA nasal swabs over a 22-month period ending in 3/2014. After the five day treatment period, there were 13 (59.1%) +MRSA second nasal swabs for CHG + MUP and 9 (90%) for soap and water baths and placebo, P = 0.114. No isolates tested positive for the MUP or CHG resistance genes mupA and qacA/B but 7 of 20 (35%) contained smr. There were seven (31.8%) MRSA infections in the CHG group and six (60%) for soap, P = 0.244. All 13 patients with MRSA infections had the same MRSA isolate present in the original nasal swab. There was no difference in all-cause Gram-negative or positive infections for CHG versus soap, 12 (54.5%) versus 7 (70%), P = 0.467. CHG + MUP are ineffective in eradicating MRSA from the anterior nares but may reduce the incidence of infection. Subsequent invasive MRSA infections are typically caused by the endogenous colonization strain.

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