scholarly journals Image-based radiodensity profilometry measures early remodeling at the bone-callus interface in sheep

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyi Ren ◽  
Karina Klein ◽  
Brigitte von Rechenberg ◽  
Salim Darwiche ◽  
Hannah L. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Bone Callus

Pulsed Ultrasounds Reduce Pain and Disability, Increasing Rib Fracture Healing, in a Randomized Controlled Trial

Pain Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1980-1988
Author(s):  
Norberto Santana-Rodríguez ◽  
Bernardino Clavo ◽  
Pedro Llontop ◽  
María D Fiuza ◽  
Joaquín Calatayud-Gastardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pain Medication ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Medication Intake ◽  
Bone Callus

AbstractIntroductionRib fractures are an important health issue worldwide, with significant, pain, morbidity, and disability for which only symptomatic treatment exists.ObjectivesBased on our previous experimental model, the objective of the current study was to assess for the first time whether pulsed ultrasound (PUS) application could have beneficial effects on humans.MethodsProspective, double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial of 51 patients. Four were excluded, and 47 were randomized into the control group (N = 23) or PUS group (N = 24). The control group received a PUS procedure without emission, and the PUS group received 1 Mhz, 0.5 W/cm2 for 1 min/cm2. Pain level, bone callus healing rate, physical and work activity, pain medication intake, and adverse events were blindly evaluated at baseline and one, three, and six months.ResultsThere were no significant differences at baseline between groups. PUS treatment significantly decreased pain by month 1 (P = 0.004), month 3 (P = 0.005), and month 6 (P = 0.025), significantly accelerated callus healing by month 1 (P = 0.013) and month 3 (P < 0.001), accelerated return to physical activity by month 3 (P = 0.036) and work activity (P = 0.001) by month 1, and considerably reduced pain medication intake by month 1 (P = 0.057) and month 3 (P = 0.017). No related adverse events were found in the PUS group.ConclusionsThis study is the first evidence that PUS treatment is capable of improving rib fracture outcome, significantly accelerating bone callus healing, and decreasing pain, time off due to both physical activity and convalescence period, and pain medication intake. It is a safe, efficient, and low-cost therapy that may become a new treatment for patients with stable rib fractures.

scholarly journals Real-Time Wireless Platform for In Vivo Monitoring of Bone Regeneration

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 4591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Blázquez-Carmona ◽  
Manuel Sanchez-Raya ◽  
Juan Mora-Macías ◽  
Juan Antonio Gómez-Galán ◽  
Jaime Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bone Lengthening ◽  
Bone Callus ◽  
Reliable Solution ◽  
Regeneration Processes

For the monitoring of bone regeneration processes, the instrumentation of the fixation is an increasingly common technique to indirectly measure the evolution of bone formation instead of ex vivo measurements or traditional in vivo techniques, such as X-ray or visual review. A versatile instrumented external fixator capable of adapting to multiple bone regeneration processes was designed, as well as a wireless acquisition system for the data collection. The design and implementation of the overall architecture of such a system is described in this work, including the hardware, firmware, and mechanical components. The measurements are conditioned and subsequently sent to a PC via wireless communication to be in vivo displayed and analyzed using a developed real-time monitoring application. Moreover, a model for the in vivo estimation of the bone callus stiffness from collected data was defined. This model was validated in vitro using elastic springs, reporting promising results with respect to previous equipment, with average errors and uncertainties below 6.7% and 14.04%. The devices were also validated in vivo performing a bone lengthening treatment on a sheep metatarsus. The resulting system allowed the in vivo mechanical characterization of the bone callus during experimentation, providing a low-cost, simple, and highly reliable solution.

Comparison of the volumetric composition of lamellar bone and the woven bone of calluses

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (7) ◽  
pp. 682-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Martínez-Reina ◽  
Javier García-Rodríguez ◽  
Juan Mora-Macías ◽  
Jaime Domínguez ◽  
Esther Reina-Romo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phase ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Bone Transport ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Woven Bone ◽  
Cortical Shell ◽  
Bone Callus ◽  
Low Stiffness ◽  
Water Contents

Woven tissue is mainly present in the bone callus, formed very rapidly either after a fracture or in distraction processes. This high formation speed is probably responsible for its disorganized microstructure and this, in turn, for its low stiffness. Nonetheless, the singular volumetric composition of this tissue may also play a key role in its mechanical properties. The volumetric composition of woven tissue extracted from the bone transport callus of sheep was investigated and compared with that of the lamellar tissue extracted from the cortical shell of the same bone. Significant differences were found in the mineral and water contents, but they can be due to the different ages of both tissues, which affects the mineral/water ratio. However, the content in organic phase remains more or less constant throughout the mineralization process and has proven to be a good variable to measure the different composition of both tissues, being that content significantly higher in woven tissue. This may be linked to the abnormally high concentration of osteocytes in this tissue, which is likely a consequence of the more abundant presence of osteoblasts secreting osteoid and burying other osteoblasts, which then differentiate into osteocytes. This would explain the high formation rate of woven tissue, useful to recover the short-term stability of the bone. Nonetheless, the more abundant presence of organic phase prevents the woven tissue from reaching a stiffness similar to that of lamellar tissue in the long term, when it is fully mineralized.

Use of Autologous Stromal Marrow Cells for Surgical Treatment of Congenital Crus Bones Pseudoarthrosis in Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
S P Mironov ◽  
N P Omel'yanenko ◽  
O V Kozhevnikov ◽  
V K Il'ina ◽  
Aleksey Valer'evich Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Bone Fragments ◽  
Bone Callus ◽  
Operation Duration ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Marrow Cells

First experience in application of cultivated autologous stromal marrow cells for the stimulation of reparative bone regeneration in zone of crus bones pseudoarthrosis resection was presented. There were 4 patients, aged 16 months - 9 years. Results obtained showed significant stimulated influence of autologous stromal marrow cells on activity of osteoreparation and healing of bone fragments. Signs of consolidation were noted 3 months after operation. Duration of apparatus fixation ranged from 5 to 7.5 months. At 5 years follow-up no consolidation of bone fragments without bone callus formation was detected in all patients. No recurrence of pseudoarthrosis and disturbance of medullar canal were noticed

scholarly journals Severe Hemorrhagic Shock Leads to a Delayed Fracture Healing and Decreased Bone Callus Strength in a Mouse Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 475 (11) ◽  
pp. 2783-2794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Bundkirchen ◽  
Christian Macke ◽  
Janin Reifenrath ◽  
Luisa Marilena Schäck ◽  
Sandra Noack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Delayed Fracture ◽  
Delayed Fracture Healing ◽  
Bone Callus

scholarly journals Effects of alendronate in bone repair: A study in rat femur fractures treated with plates and screws

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Tiboni ◽  
Suyany Gabriely Weiss ◽  
Jennifer Tsi Gerber ◽  
Arieli Carini Michels ◽  
Thais Grupp da Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Fracture ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Callus Region ◽  
Bone Callus

Abstract Background Alendronate (ALN) has direct action on bone metabolism, increasing osteogenesis and decreasing bone resorption. The study rated the effect of ALN on femoral fracture repair and the effect of different doses of the drug on the liver and kidneys. Methods Wistar rats were divided into groups: A1 (ALN 1 mg/kg), A2 (ALN 3 mg/kg), and C (saline solution). The drug/solution was applied intraperitoneally three times a week after femoral fracture until euthanasia 45 days later. Results Liver analysis from group A1 presented normal histological aspects, while hepatic steatosis was observed in group A2. In groups A1 and A2, kidneys showed amylocymile like cell degeneration. In femur bone callus, no difference was observed in collagens I and III or in number of trabeculae (p ≥ 0.05). Immunohistochemical evaluation showed positivity for the Transforming Grow Factor β-1 (TGFβ-1) marker in the control group, in spinal area and in small chondrocytes, but negativity for hypertrophy. In A1, an extensive area of cartilaginous expansion was observed, with positive hypertrophic TGFβ-1 cartilage, even in areas with bone matrix. A low positivity was observed in the medullar area, in contrast to the control. Group A2 presented a high number of chondroid matrices and a moderate number of TGFβ-1 cells, with little positivity in medullary area. Conclusions A dosage of ALN 1 mg/kg promotes cellular differentiation activity in the bone callus region, with mild damage in the liver and kidneys. A dosage of ALN 3 mg/kg became toxic without positive alterations in cell differentiation.

scholarly journals Reparative histogenesis of bone tissue in femoral fractures in rats using biocomposite material along with immunocorrection

2021 ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
V. V. Reshetnyak ◽  
V. V. Burdeyniy ◽  
V. V. Pronin ◽  
Ye. A. Iskaliev
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Fragments ◽  
Bone Callus ◽  
Biocomposite Material

The paper studies the effect of the RVI biocomposite material belonging to the group of osteoplastic biocomposite materials, the RV-2 immunomodulator – a synthetic dipeptide inducing an immunocorrective effect, and combinations of these drugs on the reparative histogenesis of bone tissue in femoral fractures in rats. It was found that the remodeling of the primary bone callus into the secondary one in the fracture of the studied animals was of a diverse nature. This process was the most pronounced in the group where the components were used in complex, i.e. the bone defect was filled with RVI during the surgery, as well as RV-2 was injected intramuscularly to rats at a dose of 10 mcg per 1 kg of live weight for five days, starting immediately after the surgery. Well-formed coarse-fibrous connective tissue callus was recorded in animals of this group. The connective tissue was stained more intensely which indicates a denser arrangement of fibers in the callus. Focal cartilage tissue spanning bone fragments was observed within the callus. At the periphery of the site the cartilaginous callus was subjected to endochondral ossification with replacement by coarse-fibrous trabeculae with elements of lamellar bone tissue having haversian canals in the center. The inter-girdle spaces were filled with elements of the myeloid bone marrow in the forming bone tissue. Markedly proliferated osteoblasts were visible in the cambial layer of the periosteum. The bone tissue ratio increased up to (60.21 ± 2.62)%, which significantly exceeded the same indicator in the control group and in all experimental groups. The low content of connective tissue and the high ratio of bone tissue indicated more active osteogenesis processes and reparative regeneration in comparison with other groups.

scholarly journals A Novel Capacitive Measurement Device for Longitudinal Monitoring of Bone Fracture Healing

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6694
Author(s):  
Angela Sorriento ◽  
Marcello Chiurazzi ◽  
Luca Fabbri ◽  
Michelangelo Scaglione ◽  
Paolo Dario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
External Fixators ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Measurement Device ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Bone Callus

The healing process of surgically-stabilised long bone fractures depends on two main factors: (a) the assessment of implant stability, and (b) the knowledge of bone callus stiffness. Currently, X-rays are the main diagnostic tool used for the assessment of bone fractures. However, they are considered unsafe, and the interpretation of the clinical results is highly subjective, depending on the clinician’s experience. Hence, there is the need for objective, non-invasive and repeatable methods to allow a longitudinal assessment of implant stability and bone callus stiffness. In this work, we propose a compact and scalable system, based on capacitive sensor technology, able to measure, quantitatively, the relative pins displacements in bone fractures treated with external fixators. The measurement device proved to be easily integrable with the external fixator pins. Smart arrangements of the sensor units were exploited to discriminate relative movements of the external pins in the 3D space with a resolution of 0.5 mm and 0.5°. The proposed capacitive technology was able to detect all of the expected movements of the external pins in the 3D space, providing information on implant stability and bone callus stiffness.

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