Panoramic Dental Reconstruction for Faster Detection of Dental Pathology on Medical Non-dental CT Scans: a Proof of Concept from CT Neck Soft Tissue

AbstractThis review investigated the potential value of computed tomography (CT) scans for the evaluation and management of knee arthritis and arthroplasty. Specifically, we evaluated the following: (1) assessment of arthritis within knee compartments, (2) patellofemoral joint assessment, (3) implant sizing prediction, (4) component alignment, (5) soft-tissue protection, and (6) potential concerns with radiation exposure. To compare if CT or X-ray imaging is more accurate and clinically relevant, a search was performed using Boolean search operators and terms: “CT,” “radiograph,” “joint alignment,” “knee,” and “arthroplasty,” which yielded 661 results. Studies were evaluated based on (1) assessment of arthritis within knee compartments, (2) patellofemoral joint assessment, (3) implant sizing prediction, (4) component alignment, (5) soft-tissue protection, and (6) potential concerns with radiation exposure. Correlative and comparative analyses of imaging modalities to pre-, intra-, and postoperative clinical and patient-related factors were performed for the 63 included studies. CT scans were found to better detect medial and lateral arthritic changes, bony deformities, subchondral cysts, and cartilage losses. CT scans were shown to 99% accurately predict prosthetic sizes preoperatively. CT scans can also help better visualize surrounding anatomy, such as the posterior cruciate ligament, and have therefore been linked to better soft tissue protection during total knee arthroplasty. Although radiation is a potential concern, newer imaging protocols have comparable exposure to plain radiographs. Compared with plain radiographs, CT scans were found to be more accurate and provide more clinically relevant data. Therefore, the authors recommend the use of CT for the evaluation of certain patients with arthritis and for preoperative planning for knee arthroplasty.

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Three-Dimensional Analysis Techniques—Part 3: Color-Coded System for Three-Dimensional Measurement of Bone and Ratio of Soft Tissue to Bone: The Analysis

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/1545-1569_1997_034_0052_tdatpc_2.3.co_2 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 52-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Andrew M. Mccance ◽

James P. Moss ◽

W. Rick Fright ◽

Alf D. Linney

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Dimensional Changes ◽

Analysis Techniques ◽

Dimensional Measurement ◽

Three Dimensional Measurement ◽

The Face ◽

Bimaxillary Surgery

A new color-coded method of illustrating three-dimensional changes in the bone and the ratio of soft tissue to bone movement is described. The technique is illustrated by superimposing preoperative and 1-year postoperative CT scans of three patients following bimaxillary surgery. The method has proved to be a very simple, effective, and readily interpreted method of quantifying both bone and the ratio of movement of the overlying soft tissues across the face following surgery.

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Detection of pulmonary metastases in patients with osteogenic and soft-tissue sarcomas: the superiority of CT scans compared with conventional linear tomograms using dynamic analysis.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.1985.3.9.1261 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 3 (9) ◽

pp. 1261-1265 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

H I Pass ◽

A Dwyer ◽

R Makuch ◽

J A Roth

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Dynamic Analysis ◽

Pulmonary Metastases ◽

Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Surgical Exploration ◽

Positive Study ◽

Median Size ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Serial Evaluation

A prospective serial evaluation in 19 patients with soft-tissue and osteogenic sarcomas was performed to determine whether computerized tomography (CT) or conventional linear tomography (LT) detected pulmonary metastases earlier. Analysis of the metastatic nodules was performed radiographically with histologic confirmation by obtaining serial CTs and LTs followed by metastasectomy. Nodules were classified as stable, growing, or developing and by detection on CT and/or LT. CT was the first positive study in a significantly greater number of patients (13 CT, 1 LT; P less than .005), and CT detected the nodules earlier than LT (56 CT first v 7 LT first; P less than .0001). Ninety of 166 nodules resected were detected by CT, LT, or both (54%). The median size of metastatic nodules documented at surgical exploration and first detected by CT was significantly smaller than that first detected by LT (7.6 mm for CT v 13.2 mm for LT; P less than .05). Of 55 histologically documented metastases detected initially either by CT or LT, CT was markedly superior to LT with 50 (91%) first detected only by CT (P less than .001). These data reveal that CT detects more pulmonary metastases earlier than LT and that developing or growing nodules in patients with sarcomas are usually metastases. Decisions regarding metastasis resection in sarcoma patients, therefore, should be based primarily on CT findings.

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Evaluation of key biophysical properties and microscopic structures of 11 crosslinked hyaluronic acid soft tissue fillers before and after needle extrusion, as a proof-of-concept for clinical applicability

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology ◽

10.1016/j.jaad.2016.02.067 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 74 (5) ◽

pp. AB17 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Proof Of Concept ◽

Biophysical Properties ◽

Clinical Applicability ◽

Before And After

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Magnetic resonance imaging–based synthetic computed tomography of the lumbar spine for surgical planning: a clinical proof-of-concept

Neurosurgical FOCUS ◽

10.3171/2020.10.focus20801 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. E13

Author(s):

Victor E. Staartjes ◽

Peter R. Seevinck ◽

W. Peter Vandertop ◽

Marijn van Stralen ◽

Marc L. Schröder

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Deep Learning ◽

Lumbar Spine ◽

Surgical Planning ◽

Visual Inspection ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Lumbar Spine Surgery ◽

Proof Of Concept ◽

Acquisition Protocol ◽

Synthetic Ct

OBJECTIVEComputed tomography scanning of the lumbar spine incurs a radiation dose ranging from 3.5 mSv to 19.5 mSv as well as relevant costs and is commonly necessary for spinal neuronavigation. Mitigation of the need for treatment-planning CT scans in the presence of MRI facilitated by MRI-based synthetic CT (sCT) would revolutionize navigated lumbar spine surgery. The authors aim to demonstrate, as a proof of concept, the capability of deep learning–based generation of sCT scans from MRI of the lumbar spine in 3 cases and to evaluate the potential of sCT for surgical planning.METHODSSynthetic CT reconstructions were made using a prototype version of the “BoneMRI” software. This deep learning–based image synthesis method relies on a convolutional neural network trained on paired MRI-CT data. A specific but generally available 4-minute 3D radiofrequency-spoiled T1-weighted multiple gradient echo MRI sequence was supplemented to a 1.5T lumbar spine MRI acquisition protocol.RESULTSIn the 3 presented cases, the prototype sCT method allowed voxel-wise radiodensity estimation from MRI, resulting in qualitatively adequate CT images of the lumbar spine based on visual inspection. Normal as well as pathological structures were reliably visualized. In the first case, in which a spiral CT scan was available as a control, a volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) of 12.9 mGy could thus have been avoided. Pedicle screw trajectories and screw thickness were estimable based on sCT findings.CONCLUSIONSThe evaluated prototype BoneMRI method enables generation of sCT scans from MRI images with only minor changes in the acquisition protocol, with a potential to reduce workflow complexity, radiation exposure, and costs. The quality of the generated CT scans was adequate based on visual inspection and could potentially be used for surgical planning, intraoperative neuronavigation, or for diagnostic purposes in an adjunctive manner.

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Parameters predicting [18F]PSMA-1007 scan positivity and type and number of detected lesions in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer

EJNMMI Research ◽

10.1186/s13550-021-00783-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Niloefar Ahmadi Bidakhvidi ◽

Annouschka Laenen ◽

Sander Jentjens ◽

Christophe M. Deroose ◽

Koen Van Laere ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Biochemical Recurrence ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

External Beam Radiation ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Beam Radiation ◽

Soft Tissue Lesions ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Psa Velocity

Abstract Background Detection of the site of recurrence using PSMA-PET/CT is important to guide treatment in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this study was to evaluate the positivity rate of [18F]PSMA-1007-PET/CT in patients with biochemically recurrent PCa and identify parameters that predict scan positivity as well as the type and number of detected lesions. This monocentric retrospective study included 137 PCa patients with biochemical recurrence who underwent one or more [18F]PSMA-1007-PET/CT scans between August 2018 and June 2019. PET-positive malignant lesions were classified as local recurrence, lymph node (LN), bone or soft tissue lesions. The association between biochemical/paraclinical parameters, as PSA value, PSA doubling time, PSA velocity, Gleason score (GS) and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and scan positivity as well as type and number of detected lesions was evaluated using logistic regression analysis (binary outcomes) and Poisson models (count-type outcomes). Results We included 175 [18F]PSMA-1007-PET/CT scans after radical prostatectomy (78%), external beam radiation therapy (8.8%), ADT (7.3%), brachytherapy (5.1%) and high intensity focused ultrasound (0.7%) as primary treatment (median PSA value 1.6 ng/ml). Positivity rate was 80%. PSA value and PSA velocity were significant predictors of scan positivity as well as of the presence of bone and soft tissue lesions and number of bone, LN and soft tissue lesions, both in uni- and/or multivariable analysis. Multivariable analysis also showed prior ADT as predictor of bone and soft tissue lesions, GS as predictor of the number of bone lesions and ongoing ADT as predictor of the number of LN lesions. Conclusion [18F]PSMA-1007-PET/CT showed a high positivity rate in patients with biochemically recurrent PCa. PSA value and PSA velocity were significant predictors of scan positivity as well as of the presence and number of bone and soft tissue lesions and the number of LN lesions. Our findings can guide clinicians in optimal patient selection for [18F]PSMA-1007-PET/CT and support further research leading to the development of a prediction nomogram.

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