Effects of storm-induced equatorial plasma bubbles on GPS-based kinematic positioning at equatorial and middle latitudes during the September 7–8, 2017, geomagnetic storm

GPS Solutions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Zakharenkova ◽  
Iurii Cherniak
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Storm ◽  
Kinematic Positioning ◽  
Plasma Bubbles ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
Equatorial Plasma Bubbles

scholarly journals Equatorial Plasma Bubbles Developing Around Sunrise Observed by an All-Sky Imager and GNSS Network during the Storm Time

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Wu ◽  
Jiyao Xu ◽  
Xinan Yue ◽  
Chao Xiong ◽  
Wenbin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Storm ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Plasma Bubbles ◽  
Equatorial Plasma Bubbles ◽  
Sky Imager ◽  
Gnss Network

Abstract. A large number of studies have shown that equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) occur mainly after sunset, and they usually drift eastward. However, in this paper, an unusual EPB event was simultaneously observed by an all-sky imager and the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) network in southern China, during the recovery phase of geomagnetic storm happened on 6–8 November 2015. Observations from both techniques show that the EPBs appeared near dawn. Interestingly, the observational results show that the EPBs continued to develop after sunrise, and disappeared about one hour after sunrise. The development stage of EPBs lasted for at least about 3 hours. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the evolution of EPBs developing around sunrise was observed by an all-sky imager and the GNSS network. Our observation showed that the EPBs drifted westward, which was different from the usually eastward drifts of post-sunset EPBs. The simulation from TIE-GCM model suggest that the westward drift of EPBs should be related to the enhanced westward winds at storm time. Besides, break and recombination processes of EPBs were observed by the all-sky imager in the event. Associated with the development of EPBs, increasing in the ionospheric F region peak height was also observed near sunrise, and we suggest the enhance upward vertical plasma drift during geomagnetic storm plays a major role in triggering the EPBs near sunrise.

scholarly journals Observations of equatorial plasma bubbles during the geomagnetic storm of October 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
FuQing Huang ◽  
◽  
JiuHou Lei ◽  
Chao Xiong ◽  
JiaHao Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Storm ◽  
Plasma Bubbles ◽  
Equatorial Plasma Bubbles

scholarly journals Equatorial plasma bubbles developing around sunrise observed by an all-sky imager and global navigation satellite system network during storm time

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-177
Author(s):  
Kun Wu ◽  
Jiyao Xu ◽  
Xinan Yue ◽  
Chao Xiong ◽  
Wenbin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Storm ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite System ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Plasma Bubbles ◽  
Equatorial Plasma Bubbles ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Sky Imager ◽  
Gnss Network ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Abstract. A large number of studies have shown that equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) occur mainly after sunset, and they usually drift eastward. However, in this paper, an unusual EPB event was simultaneously observed by an all-sky imager and the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) network in southern China, during the recovery phase of a geomagnetic storm that happened on 6–8 November 2015. Observations from both techniques show that the EPBs appeared near dawn. Interestingly, the observational results show that the EPBs continued to develop after sunrise, and they disappeared about 1 h after sunrise. The development stage of EPBs lasted for at least about 3 h. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the evolution of EPBs developing around sunrise was observed by an all-sky imager and the GNSS network. Our observation showed that the EPBs drifted westward, which was different from the usual eastward drifts of post-sunset EPBs. The simulation from the Thermosphere–Ionosphere–Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIE-GCM) suggest that the westward drift of EPBs should be related to the enhanced westward winds at storm time. Besides this, bifurcation and merging processes of EPBs were observed by the all-sky imager in the event. Associated with the development of EPBs, an increase in the peak height of the ionospheric F region was also observed near sunrise, and we suggest the enhanced upward vertical plasma drift during the geomagnetic storm plays a major role in triggering the EPBs near sunrise.

scholarly journals Implication of tidal forcing effects on the zonal variation of solstice equatorial plasma bubbles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loren C. Chang ◽  
Cornelius Csar Jude Hisole Salinas ◽  
Yi-Chung Chiu ◽  
McArthur Jones ◽  
Chi-Kuang Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Forcing ◽  
Plasma Bubbles ◽  
Equatorial Plasma Bubbles

scholarly journals Ionosonde Observations of Spread F and Spread Es at Low and Middle Latitudes during the Recovery Phase of the 7–9 September 2017 Geomagnetic Storm

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1010
Author(s):  
Lehui Wei ◽  
Chunhua Jiang ◽  
Yaogai Hu ◽  
Ercha Aa ◽  
Wengeng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Storm ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Ionospheric Irregularities ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
Multiple Observations ◽  
Swarm Satellites ◽  
Spread F ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

This study presents observations of nighttime spread F/ionospheric irregularities and spread Es at low and middle latitudes in the South East Asia longitude of China sectors during the recovery phase of the 7–9 September 2017 geomagnetic storm. In this study, multiple observations, including a chain of three ionosondes located about the longitude of 100°E, Swarm satellites, and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ROTI maps, were used to study the development process and evolution characteristics of the nighttime spread F/ionospheric irregularities at low and middle latitudes. Interestingly, spread F and intense spread Es were simultaneously observed by three ionosondes during the recovery phase. Moreover, associated ionospheric irregularities could be observed by Swarm satellites and ground-based GNSS ionospheric TEC. Nighttime spread F and spread Es at low and middle latitudes might be due to multiple off-vertical reflection echoes from the large-scale tilts in the bottom ionosphere. In addition, we found that the periods of the disturbance ionosphere are ~1 h at ZHY station, ~1.5 h at LSH station and ~1 h at PUR station, respectively. It suggested that the large-scale tilts in the bottom ionosphere might be produced by LSTIDs (Large scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances), which might be induced by the high-latitude energy inputs during the recovery phase of this storm. Furthermore, the associated ionospheric irregularities observed by satellites and ground-based GNSS receivers might be caused by the local electric field induced by LSTIDs.

Strong equatorial plasma bubble associated with prominent TEC enhancement observed at mid-latitude ionosphere under the quiescent condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuqing Huang ◽  
Jiuhou Lei ◽  
Chao Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Density ◽  
Electron Content ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Plasma Bubble ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
Multiple Observations ◽  
Equatorial Plasma Bubbles ◽  
Low Latitudes

<p>Equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) are typically ionospheric irregularities that frequently occur at the low latitudes and equatorial regions, which can significantly affect the propagation of radio waves. In this study, we reported a unique strong EPB that happened at middle latitudes over the Asian sector during the quiescent period. The multiple observations including total electron content (TEC) from Beidou geostationary satellites and GPS, ionosondes, in-situ electron density from SWARM and meteor radar are used to explore the characteristic and mechanism of the observed EPB. The unique strong EPB was associated with great nighttime TEC/electron density enhancement at the middle latitudes, which moves toward eastward. The potential physical processes of the observed EPB are also discussed.</p>

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