Geographic variation in pheromone component ratio and antennal responses, but not in attraction, to sex pheromones among fall armyworm populations infesting corn in Mexico

AbstractRaspberry crown borer, Pennisetia marginata (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), is a native North American species and pest of many cane fruits. Using coupled gas chromatographic–electroantennographic detection analyses (GC-EAD) we identified candidate sex pheromone components in pheromone gland extracts and effluvia from calling females. Analysis of gland extracts on a Zebron-5 column revealed four components (A, B, C, and D) that elicited strong responses from male antennae. The two most EAD-active components A and B were hypothesised to be (3E,13Z)-octadecadienal [(3E,13Z)-18:Ald] and (3E,13Z)-octadecadienol [(3E,13Z)-18:OH], respectively. Their retention times on other GC columns matched those of authentic standards, thus supporting structural assignments. Synthetic (3E,13Z)-18:Ald, and its GC rearrangement product (2E,13Z)-octadecadienal [(2E,13Z)-18:Ald; component C], also induced antennal responses in GC-EAD analyses of female effluvia. Compounds D in pheromone gland extract, and E and F in female effluvia, elicited EAD responses but could not be identified. In field trapping experiments, (3E,13Z)-18:Ald was the only component that attracted male P. marginata when tested alone. Attractiveness of (3E,13Z)-18:Ald was reduced when combined in binary or ternary blends with any of the other identified components, suggesting one or all may act as pheromone antagonists. In Aldergrove, British Columbia, Canada, peak diel attraction of male P. marginata to (3E,13Z)-18:Ald occurred between 16:00 and 18:00 hours Pacific Daylight Time, at temperatures of 21–23°C, on 30 August 2010, 3 September 2010, and 13 September 2010. We conclude that (3E,13Z)-18:Ald is the major pheromone component of P. marginata.

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Review: Manfaat Feromon Sek Pada Ordo Lepidoptera Untuk Pengendalian Hama Lepidoptera

BIOSCIENTIAE ◽

10.20527/b.v18i1.4069 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Syariful Banun

Keyword(s):

Sex Pheromone ◽

Potato Tuber ◽

Sex Pheromones ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Fall Armyworm ◽

Phthorimaea Operculella ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Beneficial Role ◽

Pollinating Insects

Lepidoptera is one of the orders of the phylum Arthropoda Insecta class consist of butterflies that are active during the day and moths at night. Both of them belong to the order Lepidoptera and have an important role in the ecosystem. Beneficial role for plants as pollinating insects and disadvantaged role as pests of cultivated plants. An example is the fall armyworm Spodoptera sp attacking rice plants, Pteroma sp attacks sengon plants, and Helicoverpa armigera attacks red chili plants. One of the efforts to control pests is the use of sex pheromones. Several types of sex pheromones were identified, for example the sex pheromone of the cabbage leaf caterpillar Pluttela xylostella was )-11-hexadecenal, (Z)-11-hexadecenol, and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate with ratio 8:18:100 and 10:1:90. Potato tuber borer (Phthorimaea operculella Zell.) sex pheromones is (E,Z)- 4,7-13 Ac (trans-4, cis-7-tridecadienyl acetate) and (E,Z,Z)-4,7,10-13 Ac (trans-4, cis-7, cis-10-tridecatrienyl acetate) with ratio 1 : 2,5. Using pheromones sex on agricultural land can significantly suppress Lepidoptera pest populations.

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Functional Characterization of Sex Pheromone Receptors in the Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11030193 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 193 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jin-Meng Guo ◽

Xiao-Long Liu ◽

Si-Ruo Liu ◽

Zhi-Qiang Wei ◽

Wei-Kang Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Pheromone ◽

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Functional Characterization ◽

Fall Armyworm ◽

The Other ◽

Pheromone Component ◽

Invasive Pest ◽

Pheromone Analog ◽

Pheromone Perception

Pheromone receptors (PRs) found in the antennae of male moths play a vital role in the recognition of sex pheromones released by females. The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a notorious invasive pest, but its PRs have not been reported. In this report, six candidate PRs (SfruOR6, 11, 13, 16, 56 and 62) suggested by phylogenetic analysis were cloned, and their tissue–sex expression profiles were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). All six genes except for SfruOR6 were highly and specifically expressed in the antennae, with SfruOR6, 13 and 62 being male-specific, while the other three (SfruOR11, 16 and 56) were male biased, suggesting their roles in sex pheromone perception. A functional analysis by the Xenopus oocyte system further demonstrated that SfruOR13 was highly sensitive to the major sex pheromone component Z9-14:OAc and the pheromone analog Z9,E12-14:OAc, but less sensitive to the minor pheromone component Z9-12:OAc; SfruOR16 responded weakly to pheromone component Z9-14:OAc, but strongly to pheromone analog Z9-14:OH; the other four candidate PRs did not respond to any of the four pheromone components and four pheromone analogs. This study contributes to clarifying the pheromone perception in the FAW, and provides potential gene targets for developing OR-based pest control techniques.

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