Estimasi Karbon Tersimpan pada Nekromassa Tumbuhan di Rawa Lebak Kecamatan Martapura, Kalimantan Selatan

South Kalimantan is one of carbon contributor with an area of swamp with ± 1,140,207 ha area of swamp land. The potential area for changed to be an agricultural land is ± 763,207 ha, and the remain used for pool when the rainy season is come. The highest C reserve is in biomass (mass of living-plant part) and necromass (mass of dead-plant part) at the top soil, microbe, and soil-organic matter. Based on description above, the problem is how much stored-carbon in necromass of plant at martapura lowland swamp, because the largest carbon storage found in necromass of plant. The purpose of this study was to estimate the stored carbon contained in necromass of vegetation in lowland swamp. This research has been done in Martapura from April to July 2009. Sampling is done at 4 location include Tungkaran village, Keramat Baru village, Sungai Rangas village and Sungai Tabuk village. Each sampling location divided into 2 stations in one sampling. Analysis of stored-carbon in necromass of plant is using Walkey and Black Method. The result showed that average ranges of carbon stored in plant necromass are 490,95 – 1744,66 gm-2.

Potensi Vegetasi Semak di Kelurahan Bangkal, Palam dan Sungai Tiung, Kecamatan Cempaka, Banjarbaru

A good urban structure and activity need a green spaces to increase its ecological function. However, trees will not fully be able to fill an important space in urban areas while the shrub woody vegetation has the potential to fill that space. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the potential of shrub as a constituent of urban vegetation so it can be used as material information about the planning of land use in the district of Cempaka. This sudy was conducted by determining the three sampling stations and 3 plots of 4m x 4m in wide on each station with data based on a map of shrub green space in District of Cempaka using purposive sampling method, the analysis performed includes the analysis of shrub canopy, measured environmental parameters, and data were analyzed with analysis of canopy volume, Pearson correlation analysis and analysis of Importance Value Index (IVI). Shrub vegetation estimation results indicate that the shrub canopy volume in the district of Cempaka is up to 22,462,878.50 m3 in the bush land area of 5675.116 hectares. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the shrub canopy volume in the district Cempaka effect on changes in environmental factors. Besides the most dominant species is Ficus fistulosa Reinw. ex Bl with IVI of 56.1%. Based on the results obtained can be concluded that the shrub has potential as a constituent of vegetation in urban green space.

Identifikasi Nematoda pada Lahan Kebun Raya Banua Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan

This research is to identify soil nematodes in Kebun Raya Banua in the province of South Kalimantan. Soil samples were taken to a depth of 0-20 cm. Nematodes extraction were conducted using Whitehead and Hemming method. Nematodes were killed by hot formaline. Permanent slides were prepared using Seinhorst (1962) method. Identification was carried out using a microscope with up to 1000x magnification. Two genera of the Order Dorylaimida (Aporcelaimellus and Xiphinema), one genus of the Order Monochida (Iotonchus), and one genus of the order Tylenchida (Criconema) were found.

Estimasi Karbon Tersimpan dalam Tumbuhan Bundung Besar (Scirpus compressus) dari Rawa Lebak

The contents of absolute in biomassa or values of carbon which kept in a wide coalescence is carbon storage. A valley swamp is a swampland which has influenced by rainwater, either rainwater at local area or around area and headwaters the purpose of this research is to get information about carbon which consist in Bundung Besar (Scirpus compressus). Determination of the research location will use purposive sampling. The location of plant sampel removal held four location and each location divided into two stations, therefore therewere eight monitoring stations with terrace-space 1x1 m2. The location of plant sampel is at subdistrict Tungkaran, subdistrict Sungai Tabuk, and subdistrict Bati-Bati. The measurement of carbon in bundung besar used Walkey and Balck method. The data will analyze with statistic non parametric and the difference of carbon in each station will analyze with cluster method. The result indicate the measurement of organic carbon in Bundung besar for each station is variably the variably of each station is around 772,651-3042,337 g/m2. The highest result at station 6 (Tungkaran Village) and the losest at station 2 (Pandahan Village).

Nematoda Tanah Mononchida pada Kebun Durian (Durio sp.) di Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan

This research was conducted to identify soil nematode mononchids on durian rhizosphere in Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan. Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm around the rhizosphere of durian from two location: Kebun Durian (Meek Farm), Guntung Manggis, Landasan Ulin District and Gotong Royong II street of Mentaos, Banjarbaru Utara District, Banjarbaru. Nematode were extracted by a filter tray method, killed using hot formaline 4%; mounted on permanent slides and identified to genera using a microscope with a magnification up to 1000x. The results showed existence the genera of Iotonchus, Mylonchulus and Margaronchulus on rhizosphere of durian were recorded in Banjarbaru.

Review: Manfaat Feromon Sek Pada Ordo Lepidoptera Untuk Pengendalian Hama Lepidoptera

Lepidoptera is one of the orders of the phylum Arthropoda Insecta class consist of butterflies that are active during the day and moths at night. Both of them belong to the order Lepidoptera and have an important role in the ecosystem. Beneficial role for plants as pollinating insects and disadvantaged role as pests of cultivated plants. An example is the fall armyworm Spodoptera sp attacking rice plants, Pteroma sp attacks sengon plants, and Helicoverpa armigera attacks red chili plants. One of the efforts to control pests is the use of sex pheromones. Several types of sex pheromones were identified, for example the sex pheromone of the cabbage leaf caterpillar Pluttela xylostella was )-11-hexadecenal, (Z)-11-hexadecenol, and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate with ratio 8:18:100 and 10:1:90. Potato tuber borer (Phthorimaea operculella Zell.) sex pheromones is (E,Z)- 4,7-13 Ac (trans-4, cis-7-tridecadienyl acetate) and (E,Z,Z)-4,7,10-13 Ac (trans-4, cis-7, cis-10-tridecatrienyl acetate) with ratio 1 : 2,5. Using pheromones sex on agricultural land can significantly suppress Lepidoptera pest populations.

Analisis Kandungan Proksimat Daging Buah dan Biji Tiga Varietas Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) yang Berasal dari Tempat Tumbuh yang Berdekatan

Studies to compare the proximate content of durian fruit flesh and seeds have not been widely employing. Hence, this study aimed to analyze and compare this content in fruit flesh and seeds of three durian varieties from adjacent growing areas. The following methods used for proximate analysis were carbohydrates (by difference), protein (micro Kjeldahl), lipid (soxhlet), crude fiber (washing), moisture content (oven), ash content (furnace). In evaluating the difference in proximate content in these parts of three durian varieties, the resulting data were tested statistically using ANOVA =5%, followed by the DMRT test. In determining the difference in the proximate content between the fruit flesh and durian seeds, the independent samples T-test was used with =5%. All data collected were then compared with the USDA National Nutrient and the Directorate of Nutrition at the Ministry of Health databases. The results showed that three durian varieties from adjacent growing areas had significantly different protein and carbohydrate content (in fruit flesh), ash content, protein, and carbohydrates (in seeds). The flesh part of the three varieties of durian contains water, protein, fat, crude fiber, which is significantly different from durian seeds. This study is higher than the comparison data

Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Liar Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) sebagai Obat Tradisional dan Aktivitas Farmakologinya

Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) is a plant belonging to the Asteracea family. This plant is widely used as medicine in various countries such as Africa, Asia and South America. Bandotan is used as medicine because it contains useful phytochemical compounds such as terpenoids, alkaloids, essential oils, saponins and phenolics. Some of the pharmalogical activities on bandotan include antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic. Several studies have shown that bandotan can be used as a treatment for fever, rheumatism, headaches, stomach aches, medicine for pneumonia, drugs for diarhea, diabetes, and HIV/AIDS. The article review is expected to provide information about the use of bandotan as a traditional medicine or herbal medicine and its pharmacological activity.

Perilaku Harian Ikan Timpakul (Periophthalmodon schlosseri) di Lingkungan Pasang Surut Desa Tanipah, Muara Sungai Barito, Kalimantan Selatan

Mangrove forests, which are tidal areas, are decreasing in size due to land conversion, causing P. schlosseri habitat to shrink. Daily behavior is important to know as initial information in conservation efforts. Observation of daily behavior was carried out using the scan sampling method. The observed behavior is moving behavior, including walking and swimming activities. Swimming is done with the head position above the water so that their eyes are not submerged in the water. P. schlosseri is outside the nest when high tide occurs. P. schlosseri interacted with each other at the edge of the nest and at the mouth of the nest in the morning and afternoon. P. schlosseri preys on crabs which are usually on the banks of the river at low tide in the morning.

Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Fungi Endofit Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) sebagai Antibakteri

Medicinal plants such as porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) can produce bioactive compounds from plants-associated endophytes. Therefore, medicinal plants were a sources of isolation of endophytic fungi and endophytic fungi were a sources of secondary metabolites that have anticancer, antimalarial, antimicrobial, and so on. A Porang tuber has been used as a medicine for boils, medicine for sliced wounds and medicine for wounds due to venomous animal bites. The research was aimed to carry out isolation and characterization of endophytic fungi from porang tuber, and to test the ability of endophytic fungi from porang tuber as antibacterial against gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. Isolation of endophytic fungi from porang tubers succeeded in getting five different fungi isolates. Based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, endophytic fungi isolated from porang tuber were members of the genus Curvularia, Penicillium, 2 isolates of Aspergillus, and 1 isolate that had not been identified. Porang endophytic fungi had antibacterial activity against S. aureus, but did not have antibacterial activity against E. coli bacteria. Endophytic fungi that had antibacterial activity were Curvularia sp., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp.