Floral resource partitioning by ants and bees in a jambolan Syzygium jambolanum (Myrtaceae) agroforestry system in Brazilian Meridional Amazon

The current work investigates dietary overlap and food partitioning among nine abundant carnivorous fishes caught in the shallow waters of the Paraíba do Norte river estuary, Paraíba State, Brazil. Fishes were sampled with a beach seine net between January and December 2008 and a total of 958 specimens had their stomach content analyzed. Crustacea was the dominant food resource for Lutjanus alexandrei, L. jocu and Bathygobius soporator, whereas Telostei were consumed mainly by Centropomus undecimalis and C. parallelus. In contrast, Polychaeta were preyed upon mainly by Diapterus rhombeus, Eucinostomus argenteus, Sciades herzbergii and S. parkeri. Although most species consumed similar food items, they did that in varying proportions and amounts. Overall, the niche overlap among species was low (< 0.60), but there were several cases where pair of species had their feeding niche highly overlapped (between 0.72 and 0.97). These findings corroborate the hypothesis that food resource partitioning determines species coexistence in estuarine tropical environments.

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Simulating Agroforestry Adoption in Rural Indonesia: The Potential of Trees on Farms for Livelihoods and Environment

Land ◽

10.3390/land10040385 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 385

Author(s):

Beatrice Nöldeke ◽

Etti Winter ◽

Yves Laumonier ◽

Trifosa Simamora

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Scenario ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Small Scale ◽

Change Scenario ◽

Trees On Farms ◽

Agroforestry Adoption ◽

Mitigate Climate Change ◽

Small Scale Farmers

In recent years, agroforestry has gained increasing attention as an option to simultaneously alleviate poverty, provide ecological benefits, and mitigate climate change. The present study simulates small-scale farmers’ agroforestry adoption decisions to investigate the consequences for livelihoods and the environment over time. To explore the interdependencies between agroforestry adoption, livelihoods, and the environment, an agent-based model adjusted to a case study area in rural Indonesia was implemented. Thereby, the model compares different scenarios, including a climate change scenario. The agroforestry system under investigation consists of an illipe (Shorea stenoptera) rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) mix, which are both locally valued tree species. The simulations reveal that farmers who adopt agroforestry diversify their livelihood portfolio while increasing income. Additionally, the model predicts environmental benefits: enhanced biodiversity and higher carbon sequestration in the landscape. The benefits of agroforestry for livelihoods and nature gain particular importance in the climate change scenario. The results therefore provide policy-makers and practitioners with insights into the dynamic economic and environmental advantages of promoting agroforestry.

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The use of mycorrhizae in production of clonal seedlings of superior teak, a prospective tree species for increasing agroforestry system productivity

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/449/1/012043 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 449 ◽

pp. 012043

Author(s):

U Rosyidah ◽

H H Nurjanto ◽

Widiyatno

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

System Productivity

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