Long-Distance Travel for HIV-Related Care—Burden or Choice?: A Mixed Methods Study in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia A. Fonner ◽  
David Geurkink ◽  
Faraja Chiwanga ◽  
Ismail Amiri ◽  
Samuel Likindikoki
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Care Burden ◽  
Distance Travel ◽  
Long Distance Travel

scholarly journals Low-carbon scenarios for long-distance travel 2060

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 103010
Author(s):  
Jonas Åkerman ◽  
Anneli Kamb ◽  
Jörgen Larsson ◽  
Jonas Nässén
Keyword(s):  
Low Carbon ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Distance Travel ◽  
Long Distance Travel

scholarly journals Harassment of women garment workers in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Begum ◽  
RN Ali ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
Sonia B Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Job Dissatisfaction ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Long Working Hours ◽  
Garment Workers ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Garment Factories ◽  
Distance Travel ◽  
Long Distance Travel

The study analyzed the different factors that are responsible for the harassment of women garment workers in Bangladesh. Three garment factories from Mirpur area under Dhaka district were selected purposively where garment factories are available. The sample consisted of 90 women workers taking 30 randomly from each of the three garment factories. Female workers are mostly employed at the lower category of jobs like operator, finishing helper, polyer etc. These jobs are very monotonous in nature. Because of the nature of their jobs, female workers sometimes lose interest in work and become depressed. A large number of female workers received low and irregular wages which create their job dissatisfaction. Only 22 female workers earned salary between Tk. 2700 to Tk. 3000 per month. Female workers are sexually harassed by their co-workers in the factory or by police or by mastans in the street. Communication problem is a major problem faced by most of the female garment workers. A long distance travel is not only physical strenuous but also mentally stressful. Their overtime rate is very low. Long working hours result in a number of illnesses and diseases like headache, eye trouble, ear ache, musculoskeletal pain etc. Women are exploited easily due to lack of technical knowledge and training. The employers do not pay any heed to this exploitation. Keywords: Garment industry; Women workers; Harassment DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v8i2.7940 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 8(2): 291-296, 2010   

scholarly journals Mode use in long-distance travel

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Reichert ◽  
Christian Holz-Rau
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance ◽  
Distance Travel ◽  
Long Distance Travel

scholarly journals SEBARAN FASILITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK DAN PILIHAN MASYARAKAT DI KECAMATAN PONTIANAK UTARA, KOTA PONTIANAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudi Purnomo ◽  
Agustiah Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Recreational Facilities ◽  
Service Facility ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Distance Travel ◽  
The City ◽  
Long Distance Travel

Fasilitas pelayanan publik merupakan salah satu fungsi bangunan gedung yang menjadi tujuan masyarakat dalam berbagai urusan administrasi maupun pemerintahan di sebuah kota maupun daerah. Proses administrasi, dengan jenis dan hierarki yang beragam, yang dilakukan sering kali menuntut masyarakat untuk melakukan perjalanan dari tempat tinggal menuju fasilitas pelayanan publik dan sebaliknya. Jenis layanan publik dan jarak jangkau perjalanan dapat menjadi salah satu faktor yang menentukan sebaran dan alokasi fasilitas pelayanan publik dalam sebuah bagian wilayah kota.Artikel ini ditulis dengan tujuan untuk menjelaskan pilihan (preferensi) masyarakat terhadap sebaran lokasi fasilitas pelayanan publik di Kota Pontianak, khususnya Kecamatan Pontianak Utara. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menjadikan jenis dan hierarki fasilitas pelayanan publik di Kota Pontianak, radius layanan, perilaku perjalanan, kepemilikan moda, dan lain-lain sebagai variabel penelitian. Selanjutnya artikel ini akan menggunakan pendekatan statistik deskriptif untuk memberikan gambaran pilihan masyarakat terhadap sebaran fasilitas pelayanan publik.Terdapat dua faktor utama yang mempengaruhi pilihan masyarakat di Kecamatan Pontianak Utara terhadap sebaran fasilitas pelayanan publik, yaitu jarak tempuh dan kualitas layanan. Salah satu karakter perjalanan masyarakat di wilayah ini  adalah perjalanan dengan  jarak tempuh dalam rentang yang jauh tidak menjadi kendala untuk dilalui jika fasilitas yang akan dikunjungi adalah fasilitas rekreasi, perniagaan, dan peribadatan.Kata-kata Kunci: fasilitas  pelayanan publik, jarak tempuh, statistik deskriptif, Kota Pontianak DISTRIBUTION OF PUBLIC SERVICE FACILITIES AND COMMUNITY OPTIONS IN NORTH PONTIANAK DISTRICT, PONTIANAK Public service facility is one of the places that the community goals in various purposes and administrative affairs in a city or region. The service processes, with diverse types and hierarchies, often require people to travel from residence to public service facilities and vice versa. The type of public service and travel distance can be one of the factors that determine the distribution and allocation of public service facilities in a part of the city area.This article aims to explain the society's choice to the distribution of public service facilities in Pontianak City, especially Pontianak Utara Subdistrict. This research is done by making the type and hierarchy of public service facility in Pontianak City, service radius, travel behavior, and so on as research variables. Furthermore, this article will use a descriptive statistical approach to provide an overview of society's choice of public service facilities.There are two main factors influencing the choice of people in Pontianak Utara Subdistrict to the distribution of public service facilities, ie mileage and service quality. One character of the community's journeys in the region is long distance travel is not an obstacle to go through if the facilities to be visited are recreational facilities, trade facilities, and worship facilities.Keywords: public service facilities, mileage, descriptive statistics, Pontianak CityREFERENCESBPS Kota Pontianak. (2017). Kecamatan Pontianak Utara dalam Angka 2017. Pontianak: BPS Kota Pontianak.BPS Kota Pontianak. (2017). Kota Pontianak dalam Angka 2017. Pontianak: BPS Kota Pontianak.Nurmandi, A. (1999). Manajemen Perkotaan: Aktor, Organisasi, dan Pengelolaan Daerah Perkotaan di Indonesia . Yogyakarta: Lingkaran Bangsa.Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2009). Undang Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 25 Tahun 2009 tentang Pelayanan Publik.Purnomo, Y., & Wulandari, A. (2017). Pengaruh Sebaran Lokasi dan Perencanaan Bangunan Gedung Kantor Pelayanan Publik Terhadap Pola Penggunaan Energi Bangunan dan Masyarakat di Kota Pontianak. Universitas Tanjungpura. Pontianak: Tidak Dipublikasikan.Tamin, O. Z. (2000). Perencanaan dan Pemodelan Transportasi. Bandung: Penerbit ITB.Tarigan, R. (2006). Perencanaan Pembangunan Wilayah. Jakarta: PT. Bumi Aksara.Warpani, S. (1990). Merencanakan Sistem Perangkutan. Bandung: ITB.

Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Long-Distance Travel Business: How Far Can We Go?

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110366
Author(s):  
Ruohan Li ◽  
Kara M. Kockelman ◽  
Jooyong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Business Travel ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Distance Travel ◽  
Remote Participation ◽  
Degree Level ◽  
Long Distance Travel

Long-distance (LD) travel accounts for over 30% of person-trip miles, with important energy and emissions impact. LD business travel can often be replaced by remote participation, so targeting such trips for cost, time, and emissions savings may be a wise strategy for protection of the climate, budgets, and human health. To appreciate Americans’ LD travel choices better, a 73-question online survey was conducted in 2019 that captured 2,327 LD (over 100 mi each way) trips made by 929 respondents during the previous 12 months, of which 490 round trips were for business purposes. Predictive models for LD trips per adult per year, overnights, LD travel times, and willingness to participate remotely and/or purchase carbon offsets for those trips were developed using respondents in Austin only. As expected, those educated to degree level tend to travel more often, for both business and nonbusiness purposes; everything else is constant. People who undertake LD travel more frequently are more likely to spend less time in transit/en route. Single people or those from large households educated to degree level are more likely to be willing to pay for the carbon emissions produced by their flights. Out of the 298 LD business trips made by Austinites, remote participation is possible for approximately a quarter, and the respondents involved are willing to participate remotely in 44% of those trips. In other words, Austinites appeared willing to participate remotely in slightly over 10% of their business trips overall, at least before the COVID-19 pandemic. This is definitely not enough to address climate change concerns as a result of carbon emissions from LD travel.

Impact of Long-Distance Travel on Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Presentation and Outcome in Rural North Dakota

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-234
Author(s):  
David Jacobs ◽  
Robert Gokey ◽  
James R. Beal
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Vitreoretinal Disease ◽  
Distance Travel ◽  
Long Distance Travel ◽  
Delay In Treatment

Purpose: Long-distance travel in underserved, rural areas could delay treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). The purpose of this study was to determine whether patients living remotely experienced a delay in treatment, presented with more-advanced RRD, or had worse visual acuity (VA) outcomes than patients living locally. Methods: A retrospective consecutive case series is presented of patients undergoing RRD repair by pars plana vitrectomy or scleral buckle from August 2011 to September 2014 in Minot, North Dakota, USA. Exclusion criteria were RRD cases presenting with concurrent vitreoretinal disease. Results: Of the 143 total patients, 45 lived locally, 5.2±1.6 miles (8.4±2.6 km), and 98 lived remotely, 122.8±69 miles (197.6±111 km). Duration of symptoms was 14.0±30.2 days for local and 19.2±37.5 days for remote patients ( P = .42). Time from referring provider exam to vitreoretinal surgeon exam was similar for local and remote patients, 1.5±2.9 vs 1.5±2.8 days ( P = .97). The fovea was detached in 51.1% of local and 53.6% of remote patients ( P = .78). Mean clock-hours of RRD were similar in local and remote patients, 5.2±2.3 vs 5.5±2.6 hours ( P = .51). Proliferative vitreoretinopathy was present in 6.7% of local vs 14.4% of remote patients ( P = .19). Time from vitreoretinal surgeon exam to surgical repair was similar for local and remote patients, 1.8±3.4 vs 1.8±3.8 days ( P = .70). The mean logMAR VA change at 6 months was similar in local and remote patients, –0.54±.7 vs –0.52±.8 ( P = .91). Reoperation was required in 4.4% of local vs 6.1% of remote patients ( P = .69). Conclusions: Patients traveling long distances for management of RRD did not experience a significant delay in treatment, present with more-advanced RRD, or have worse VA outcomes than patients who lived locally. Patients with RRD living in remote rural areas can have similar outcomes to patients living locally when referred and treated urgently.

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