Electromyographic Biofeedback in Motor Function Recovery After Peripheral Nerve Injury: An Integrative Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Jardim Duarte-Moreira ◽  
Kamyle Villa-Flor Castro ◽  
Cleber Luz-Santos ◽  
José Vicente Pereira Martins ◽  
Katia Nunes Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Electromyographic Biofeedback ◽  
Function Recovery

scholarly journals Peripheral Nerve Injury-Induced Astrocyte Activation in Spinal Ventral Horn Contributes to Nerve Regeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhui Qian ◽  
Dandan Tan ◽  
Xianghai Wang ◽  
Lixia Li ◽  
Jinkun Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ventral Horn ◽  
Astrocyte Activation ◽  
Neurotrophin 3 ◽  
Function Recovery

Accumulating evidences suggest that peripheral nerve injury (PNI) may initiate astrocytic responses in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the response of astrocytes in the spinal ventral horn and its potential role in nerve regeneration after PNI remain unclear. Herein, we firstly illustrated that astrocytes in the spinal ventral horn were dramatically activated in the early stage following sciatic nerve injury, and these profiles were eliminated in the chronic stage. Additionally, we found that the expression of neurotrophins, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), also accompanied with astrocyte activation. In comparison with the irreversible transected subjects, astrocyte activation and the neurotrophic upregulation in the early stage were more drastic in case the transected nerve was rebridged immediately after injury. Furthermore, administering fluorocitrate to inhibit astrocyte activation resulted in decreased neurotrophin expression in the spinal ventral horn and delayed axonal regeneration in the nerve as well as motor function recovery. Overall, the present study indicates that peripheral nerve injury can initiate astrocyte activation accompanied with neurotrophin upregulation in the spinal ventral horn. The above responses mainly occur in the early stage of PNI and may contribute to nerve regeneration and motor function recovery.

scholarly journals Nerve Anastomosis-our Experience of Thirteen Cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Kaisar Haroon ◽  
Tania Taher ◽  
Shafiul Alam ◽  
Abdullah Alamgir ◽  
Md Arif Reza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Nerve Anastomosis ◽  
Grade 3

Background: Peripheral nerve injury is a common condition. Though it is not life threatening, it may cause disability to a person. In this study we have analysed our experience of anastomosis of injured nerves. Materials and methods: This is an observational study that was done within a period from January 2014 to December 2018. 13 patients with injury to the nerves were operated upon. There were 11 male and 2 female patients. All patients were followed up in OPD upto one and half years. 5 patients were lost from follow up, of these, two were female. Results: After surgery, touch returned in 5 patients. Of motor function,there was no improvement in 1 patient, grade 1 in 1 patient, grade 2 in 4 patients and grade 3 in 3 patients. Those who came earlier had better outcome, so had those with small injury and distal to the limb. Conclusion: peripheral nerve injury has to be repaired as soon as possible. The sooner it can be done the better will be the outcome. Bang. J Neurosurgery 2019; 9(1): 33-38

scholarly journals Axillary nerve injury associated with glenohumeral dislocation

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Avis ◽  
Dominic Power
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Axillary Nerve ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Glenohumeral Dislocation

Axillary nerve injury is a well-recognized complication of glenohumeral dislocation. It is often a low-grade injury which progresses to full recovery without intervention. There is, however, a small number of patients who have received a higher-grade injury and are less likely to achieve a functional recovery without surgical exploration and reconstruction. Following a review of the literature and consideration of local practice in a regional peripheral nerve injury unit, an algorithm has been developed to help identification of those patients with more severe nerve injuries. Early identification of patients with high-grade injuries allows rapid referral to peripheral nerve injury centres, allowing specialist observation or intervention at an early stage in their injury, thus aiming to maximize potential for recovery. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:70-77. DOI:10.1302/2058-5241.3.170003.

scholarly journals 4-AP-3-MeOH Promotes Structural and Functional Spontaneous Recovery in the Acute Sciatic Nerve Stretch Injury

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 155932581989925
Author(s):  
Yan Chen ◽  
Weidong Wang ◽  
Zhimin Zhao ◽  
Dong Ren ◽  
Danmou Xin
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Injury ◽  
Stretch Injury ◽  
Injured Nerve ◽  
Injury Model

Background: 4-AP-3-MeOH, a derivative of 4-aminopyridine, was developed and demonstrated to prevent nerve pulse diffusion due to myelin damage and significantly enhance axonal conduction following nerve injury. Currently, repurposing the existing drug such as 4-AP-3-MeOH to restore motor function is a promising and potential therapy of peripheral nerve injury. However, to evaluate drug effect on sciatic nerve injury is full of challenge. Methods: Sciatic functional index was used to determine and measure the walking track in the stretch injury model. Nerve conductivity was performed by electrical stimulation of a nerve and recording the compound muscle action potential. Myelin thickness and regeneration was imaged and measured with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: In this study, we developed a sciatic nerve injury model to minimize the spontaneous recovery mechanism and found that 4-AP-3-MeOH not only improved walking ability of the animals but also reduced the sensitivity to thermal stimulus. More interesting, 4-AP-3-MeOH enhanced and recovered electric conductivity of injured nerve; our TEM results indicated that the axon sheath thickness was increased and myelin was regenerated, which was an important evidence to support the recovery of injured nerve conductivity with 4-AP-3-MeOH treatment. Conclusions: In summary, our studies suggest that 4-AP-3-MeOH is a viable and promising approach to the therapy of peripheral nerve injury and in support of repurposing the existing drug to restore motor function.

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