Floristic diversity of meadow steppes in the Western Siberian Plain: effects of abiotic site conditions, management and landscape structure

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2361-2379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanja P. Mathar ◽  
Immo Kämpf ◽  
Till Kleinebecker ◽  
Igor Kuzmin ◽  
Andrey Tolstikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Western Siberian Plain

scholarly journals Floristic diversity of beech, fir and spruce forest (Piceo-Fago-Abietetum Colic 1965) in the „Tara“ national park

2010 ◽  
pp. 129-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rade Cvjeticanin ◽  
Marijana Novakovic
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
National Park ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Floristic Elements ◽  
Floristic Element

This paper deals with the forest plant community of beech, fir and spruce (Piceo-Fago-Abietetum Colic 1965), which is the most widely distributed plant community on the territory of national park ?Tara?. Spectrum of life forms and floristic elements are specified for this community. Spectrum of life forms shows that hemicryptophytes are the most frequent, with high occurrence of geophytes, which is characteristic of this mesophilous plant community. Spectrum of floristic elements show that centraleuropean floristic element is dominant and that this plant community is under strong influence of subcentraleuropean region. Five subassociations are set apart on the basis of floristic composition and site conditions: typicum, drymetosum, aceretosum, pinetosum silvestrae and vaccinietosum. Spectrum of life forms is made for every subassociation separately in aim to compare their floristic compositions. Subassociations aceretosum and vaccinietosum are characterized by the highest occurence of phanerophytes, and the lowest occurence of this life form is represented in subassociation drymetosum. The highest occurence of geophytes is in subassociation aceretosum, and the lowest in pinetosum silvestrae and vaccinietosum. Occurence of hemicryptophytes is the highest in subassociations drymetosum and pinetosum silvestrae, and the lowest in aceretosum. Subassociation typicum is stable plant community, subassociations drymetosum and vaccinietosum grow on poorer sites, while subassociations aceretosum and pinetosum silvestrae represent degradation of beech, fir and spruce forest (Piceo-Fago-Abietetum Colic 1965).

Management legacies and forest structure shape the root rot risk of coniferous forests in Finland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Honkaniemi ◽  
Juha Heikkinen ◽  
Helena Henttonen ◽  
Mikko Peltoniemi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Boosted Regression Tree ◽  
Temperature Sum

<p>Forest management and land use can strongly alter the forest ecosystem with long-lasting legacy effects by shaping e.g. species composition and age structure in stand and landscape scales. These changes may lead to changes in the local disturbance regime. In addition, forest management may directly affect the dynamics of disturbance agents. Heterobasidion root rot is one of the most important diseases of conifers in the Northern hemisphere. The epidemiology of the fungus relies heavily on the availability of fresh wood material which the spores need to cause an infection. In managed forests, fresh stump surfaces provide massive amounts of perfect growth media.  Once the fungus has infected a stand, the disease remains in there over tree generations slowly deteriorating the timber quality, killing trees and predisposing trees to subsequent disturbance agents such as wind. Thus, host availability in landscape scale, stand conditions and the management history all are assumed to play an important role in the epidemiology. The aim of this study was to analyze the drivers of current distribution of Heterobasidion root rot in Finland in order to understand the disease dynamics better and to manage the disease in the future. Specifically, we asked how important the legacies of different past management and land-use methods are. The National Forest Inventory (NFI) in Finland has recorded root rot observations since 1995 covering in total over 348 000 sample plots over four inventories. We combined that database with 20 different explanatory variables with a hypothetical relation to the biology and epidemiology of the fungus. The variables were categorized to three categories; (i) management legacies, (ii) landscape structure, and (iii) site conditions. Management legacies included for example the historical locations of sawmills and the share of forest pastures. Landscape structure combined structural characteristics, such as Norway spruce and old forest (120+ years) shares from different time periods. Site conditions were described with e.g. temperature sum and Shannon index for tree species richness. By using Boosted Regression Tree and Generalized Liner Models, we found that variables from all the three categories contributed to the presence of Heterobasidion root rot. The distance from an NFI plot to the nearest sawmill operating in 1910 (historical intensity of logging) and the distance to a waterway (timber rafting as main transportation methods) were shown to be one of the most important variables together with temperature sum and current Norway spruce share in landscape scale. This indicates that the management legacies, especially the past management intensity, has a significant effect on the epidemiology of Heterobasidion root rot.</p>

Vegetation of sandy coasts of Lake Baikal

2016 ◽  
pp. 46-66
Author(s):  
Тю Фю Dulepova
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Relief Formation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Semiarid Conditions

The aeolian processes play an important role in the relief formation under the semiarid conditions of the intermountain basins of Southern Siberia. Ancient sand landforms occur in different regions of Siberia — the Ob, Chuya, Аley, Yenisei, Аngara, Selenga, Chikoy, Khilok and Chara river valleys and Lake Baikal coasts. The sandy coasts of Lake Baikal are of great interest in terms of floristic diversity determined by a high degree of endemism. Despite centuries of study of the lake basin, sand vegetation is poorly described in the literature. This study presents an analysis of 184 relevés of psammophytic vegetation from the Republic of Buryatia (Severobaikalsky, Barguzinsky, Pribaikalsky districts) and Irkutsk region (Olkhon Island) obtained in 2009–2014.

Floristic Diversity and Fundamental Features of Wild Seed Plants in Jiangxi Province

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Xian-Lan DENG ◽  
Yang WU ◽  
Yu-Cheng LIU ◽  
Zhuo ZHENG
Keyword(s):  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Wild Seed

Species diversity and its relation with soil factors under different site conditions in a desert-oasis ecotone

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Xie Ting-Ting ◽  
Su Pei-Xi ◽  
Zhou Zi-Juan ◽  
Li Shan-Jia ◽  
Zhang Hai-Na
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Soil Factors ◽  
Desert Oasis

Influence of Nesting Characteristics on Health of Wild Bee Communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Harmon-Threatt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Nest Site ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Nesting Biology ◽  
Habitat Disturbances ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Bee Communities ◽  
Nest Initiation

Nest site availability and quality are important for maintaining robust populations and communities of wild bees. However, for most species, nesting traits and nest site conditions are poorly known, limiting both our understanding of basic ecology for bee species and conservation efforts. Additionally, many of the threats commonly associated with reducing bee populations have effects that can extend into nests but are largely unstudied. In general, threats such as habitat disturbances and climate change likely affect nest site availability and nest site conditions, which in turn affect nest initiation, growth, development, and overwintering success of bees. To facilitate a better understanding of how these and other threats may affect nesting bees, in this review, I quantify key nesting traits and environmental conditions and then consider how these traits may intersect with observed and anticipated changes in nesting conditions experienced by wild bees. These data suggest that the effects of common threats to bees through nesting may strongly influence their survival and persistence but are vastly understudied. Increasing research into nesting biology and incorporating nesting information into conservation efforts may help improve conservation of this declining but critical group.

scholarly journals Monitoring the variation in the gut microbiota of captive woolly monkeys related to changes in diet during a reintroduction process

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo Quiroga-González ◽  
Luis Alberto Chica Cardenas ◽  
Mónica Ramírez ◽  
Alejandro Reyes ◽  
Camila González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
Woolly Monkeys ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Lagothrix Lagothricha

AbstractMicrobiome is known to play an important role in the health of organisms and different factors such as diet have been associated with modifications in microbial communities. Differences in the microbiota composition of wild and captive animals has been evaluated; however, variation during a reintroduction process in primates has never been reported. Our aim was to identify changes in the bacterial composition of three individuals of reintroduced woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagothricha) and the variables associated with such changes. Fecal samples were collected and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced to determine gut microbial composition and functionality. Individual samples from released individuals showed a higher microbial diversity after being released compared to before liberation, associated with changes in their diet. Beta diversity and functionality analysis showed separation of samples from released and captive conditions and the major factor of variation was the moment of liberation. This study shows that intestinal microbiota varies depending on site conditions and is mainly associated with diet diversity. The intake of food from wild origin by released primates may promote a positive effect on gut microbiota, improving health, and potentially increasing success in reintroduction processes.

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