scholarly journals Niche construction and teleology: organisms as agents and contributors in ecology, development, and evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bendik Hellem Aaby ◽  
Hugh Desmond
Keyword(s):  
Niche Construction ◽  
Development And Evolution

Social epistemic actions

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Pezzulo ◽  
Laura Barca ◽  
Domenico Maisto ◽  
Francesco Donnarumma
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Joint Action ◽  
Niche Construction ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Epistemic Actions ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Online Social Interaction

Abstract We consider the ways humans engage in social epistemic actions, to guide each other's attention, prediction, and learning processes towards salient information, at the timescale of online social interaction and joint action. This parallels the active guidance of other's attention, prediction, and learning processes at the longer timescale of niche construction and cultural practices, as discussed in the target article.

Development and evolution: Evolutionary approach in psychopathology and psychotherapy

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Péley
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Approach ◽  
Development And Evolution

A tanulmány amellett érvel, hogy az adaptív mechanizmusoknak és diszfunkcióiknak a finom elemzése jelentősen hozzájárul a fejlődés és a betegségek jobb megértéséhez, és a betegségek osztályozásának és a terápiáknak új útját nyithatja meg. Az evolúciós megközelítés a pszichoterápiába nem új elméletet vagy terápiás megközelítést kíván bevezetni, hanem az emberi természet törvényszerűségei mentén új megértési stratégiákat javasol. A patológiás szerveződést alapvetően az adaptivitás dimenziójában gondolja el. Ez kikényszeríti a fejlődési történet és a multikauzalitás szem előtt tartását. Hosszú távon ez a tüneti kategorizáción alapuló diagnosztika újragondolását is jelenti.

An Analysis of Management Accounting System Development from the Structuration Theory Viewpoint

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anthony Moung Yin Chan ◽  
Paul Lo ◽  
Kong Ng
Keyword(s):  
Management Accounting ◽  
System Development ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Theory Of Structuration ◽  
Duality Of Structure ◽  
Development And Evolution ◽  
Management Accounting System

Our study covered the development and evolution of the management accounting system of a subsidiary company in a group. Our study was a longitudinal one starting from the incorporation of the company. We divided this period into five stages according to the major events happened, namely the formation of the company, the invoicing crisis, the conflict with parent company, the conflict with fellow subsidiaries, and the influence of the chief executive. In our analysis we applied the three dimensions of structure in the theory of structuration (i.e., signification, legitimation and domination). The structuration theory explained the emergence of certain phenomena and events that were not explained by traditional accounting theories. Many events in our study validated the core ideas of the structuration theory which composes of the concepts of structure, system and duality of structure. The phenomena suggested that structure was both the medium and outcome of the conduct it recursively organized. Other features of the theory, such as the dialectic of control and system contradiction, were also applicable

Expression of β-Catenin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-125
Author(s):  
Norina Basa ◽  
Daniela Lazar ◽  
Remus Cornea ◽  
Sorina Taban ◽  
Melania Ardelean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Tumor Cell Proliferation ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Development And Evolution

Alteration of β-catenin expression is involved in the development and evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); β-catenin is able to influence tumor cell proliferation. We analyzed the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of β-catenin on a group of 32 patients diagnosed with HCC using the anti-β-catenin monoclonal antibody (clone E247). We correlated the expression of β-catenin with the proliferation index of Ki-67 (PI Ki-67), the mitotic index (MI) and other clinical and pathological features. We observed an altered β-catenin expression in 58.38% of all HCC cases. This expression was insignificantly correlated with tumor size (]5 cm) (p = 0.683), histological grade G1-G2 (p = 0.307), vascular invasion (p = 0.299) and advanced pT stage (p = 0.453); we obtained a significantly higher MI in HCC with altered β-catenin expression (p = 0.018), as compared to HCC without overexpression (1.66 � 1.37) (p = 0.038) and a PI Ki-67 of 22.49 � 20.1 and 28.24 � 18.2, respectively in tumors with altered β-catenin expression with insignificant differences compared to HCC without overexpression (25.95 � 15.2) (p = 0.682 and p = 0.731, respectively). According to the results we obtained, aberrant β-catenin expression in HCC was correlated with a high mitotic index, therefore playing an important role in tumor progression by stimulating tumor cell proliferation; non-nuclear β-catenin overexpression can have a pathological significance in HCC, especially in cases of HCC associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Naturalizing Moral Regression

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Moral Progress ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Group Threat ◽  
Epistemic Practices ◽  
Harsh Conditions ◽  
Development And Evolution

This chapter proposes a theory of moral regression, arguing that inclusivist gains can be eroded not only if certain harsh biological and social conditions indicative of out-group threat actually reappear but also if significant numbers of people come to believe that such harsh conditions exist even when they do not. It argues that normal cognitive biases in conjunction with defective social-epistemic practices can cause people wrongly to believe that such harsh conditions exist, thus triggering the development and evolution of exclusivist moralities and the dismantling of inclusivist ones. Armed with detailed knowledge of the biological and social environments in which progressive moralities emerge and are sustained, as well as the conditions under which they are likely to be dismantled, human beings can take significant steps toward transforming the classic liberal faith in moral progress into a practical, empirically grounded hope.

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