Subprime Crisis – A Corporate Acquisition Opportunity?

Corporate acquisition can be considered as one of the best processes of corporate restructuring. This study is focused to evaluate the post-acquisition operating performance of listed Indian companies (acquirers) which have made acquisitions during subprime crisis period i.e. from FY 2007-08 to FY 2009-10. Paired sample t-test has been used on four operating performance indicators i.e. Return on Equity(ROE), Return on Assets (ROA), Operating Profit margin (OPM) and Operating Cash flow to Net Sales ratio (OCF/Net Sales) to check whether operating performance of acquirers has significantly improved post-acquisition. This study has revealed that there is no significant improvement in firms’ operating performance based on financial parameters i.e. Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Assets (ROA) and Operating Profit Margin (OPM), post corporate acquisitions made during subprime crisis period. The study finds that there was negative impact based on these parameters. Though Operating Cash Flow to Net Sales ratio has improved significantly for the companies which have made acquisition in FY 2007-08 and FY 2008-09 but similar findings could not be achieved for FY 2009-10. This study will find its significance in present scenario wherein corporate acquisitions are seen as the fastest way to achieve growth. Corporate world may derive its growth strategy from this study.

Life Insurance Companies: Determinants of Cost Efficiency and Profitability

One of the most important aspects of measuring a firm’s performance is its efficiency, through which the firm is expected to envisage effective cost reductions, thereby enhancing profitability. However, most studies conducted to explore the determinants of insurance companies’ performance has concentrated on the accounts earnings information and its components which are known to explain a small proportion of a firm’s performance. Also, studies on insurance either lump all the insurance companies together or pay more attention to non-life insurance, making it difficult to evaluate the fast growing life insurance industry in Ghana. Therefore, this study examines the efficiency of life insurance companies in Ghana utilising data from twelve life insurance companies for a period of 2013-2017. The efficiency scores were calculated using Efficiency Measurement System software. The fixed effect panel regression results show that, the significant determinants of both cost and profit functions are: price of labour, commission, gross premium and net investment income. It was also revealed that, on the average, the life insurance companies were about 71.2% cost efficient and 41.7% profit efficient. Further analysis reveals that, both profit and cost efficiency changes have statistically significant positive effect on firms’ Return on Asset. Policy-makers should institute policies that encourage these companies to operate efficiently in order to make effective capital allocation decisions to avoid collapse.

Impact of Organizational Commitment on Accounting Professionals’ Performance: Case of Accounting Firms

Purpose–This study examines the impact of organizational commitment(OC)on job performance. Two hundredforty professionals participated in this study. Design/methodology/approach–Our methodology has been applied toof 240 professional accountants who work in accounting offices in Tunisia. Findings–The results show that both affective and continuity dimensions have a positive and significant impact on performance, whereas the normative commitment has a positive but not significant effect. Originality/value–our knowledge, very little research has been conducted to investigate the accounting profession. our study aimed to fill this gap by studying the impact of OC on job performance of accounting professionals in the Tunisian context.

The Objectives of Sharia Management Accounting Information Reporting

There is an idea to build sharia management accounting starting from constructing the sharia management accounting conceptual framework. The framework has been developed, one of which contains the objectives of sharia management accounting information reporting. This article aims to develop further the objectives of sharia management accounting information reporting to find the value and characteristics of sharia management accounting information. Qualitative research is used in this study. The data in the form of text were analyzed using the reflective method. The analysis uses a quadrant that articulates the objectives of sharia management accounting information reporting with the management hierarchy and the network of value-creating activities. The study found the nature, type, and value of information that should be presented by a sharia management accounting information system.

Corporate Financial Distress: The Impact of Profitability, Liquidity, Asset Productivity, Activity and Solvency

This study aims to determine the importance of liquidity, profitability, asset productivity, activity, and solvency in cases of corporate financial distress. One hundred and five firms in the extractive industry in the United States were analyzed. Firms must be publicly traded and have filed form 10-K reports with the securities and exchange commission of the United States to be considered for the study’s population. The measure of corporate financial distress is the Altman Z-score. By using the Altman discriminant function, this study identifies the precipitants of corporate financial distress. This is especially important because widespread corporate financial distress could cause global financial system volatility. The indicators were measured in the last two years before the distressed firms declared bankruptcy. The results indicate that liquidity, profitability, asset productivity and solvency have an impact on the financial health of firms and therefore, on financial distress. The study further determines that activity ratio does not have a statistically significant relationship with financial distress.

Determinant Factors of Social Cohesion and Inclusion of Street Vendors in Jakarta: Key Factor Surviving During Covid-19 Pandemic

This study aims to analyze the determinants of one of the sub-dimensions of social capital, namely social cohesion and inclusion on street vendors (PKL) in DKI Jakarta, most of whom are migrants. The study was conducted using primary data from a survey of the masterplan PKL study in DKI Jakarta in 2021 in 5 municipal areas, namely North Jakarta, West Jakarta, Central Jakarta, South Jakarta, and East Jakarta. The survey was conducted on 1409 street vendors. The method used is quantitative using a questionnaire instrument, which is equipped with in-depth interviews. The results showed that during the pandemic, all street vendors experienced a decrease in turnover, income, and profits and needed to adjust their household expenses to survive. During difficult times, they rely on social capital in the form of social cohesion and inclusion, helping each other in terms of business development, business capital support, transfer of knowledge, and trade skills knowledge. This is supported by the results of the social cohesion and inclusion variable measurement model test that has been carried out.

Consequences of Weak Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting: Foreign versus U.S. Firms

For a sample of both foreign cross-listed firms and U.S. firms that report material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting (MWICFR) from 2007- 2016, we utilize event studies and multivariate techniques to examine if there are differential consequences of reporting MWICFR across the two groups. Specifically, we examine the reactions of the equity and debt markets, external auditors, and the firm’s governance. We find that after receiving an audit report with material weakness issues, foreign firms face a significantly more negative stock market reaction and decrease in credit ratings. These firms are more likely to receive a going-concern audit opinion than U.S. firms and are also significantly less likely to change their CEOs or CFOs. Additionally, we find that the strength of the home market regulatory environment mitigates the negative equity and debt market reactions for foreign firms. Lastly, we also find that the presence of foreign auditors for foreign firms alleviates audit market consequences, resulting in a lower likelihood of auditor resignations and going-concern audit opinions. This paper extends and complements the existing literature on cross-listed firms by documenting differences in the consequences for firms reporting weaknesses in ICFR and exploring the traits driving these differences.

The The Impact of Customer’s Perception of the Practices of Corporate Social Responsibility on Purchase Intention

The scarcity of research on the customer`s perception towards corporate social responsibility (CSR) in developing countries has inspired this research. This study aims to measure the impact of the customer`s perception of the practice of corporate social responsibility on the purchase intention in the presence of the service quality as a mediator variable. To achieve the aims of this study, the researcher relied on the mixed design of the search. The relevant CSR literature was recapitulated into a conceptual framework and an empirical study that were conducted through a mixed research design. This study reached many of the results, including that there is a direct impact of corporate social responsibility on the purchase intention. Also, there is an indirect impact of the moderating variable of the study, which is service quality of the direct positive impact of both the economic dimension, Ethics and philanthropic on purchase intention.

The Impact of Regulatory Capital and Bank Characteristics on the Relationship between Bank Competition and Risk Taking in the Banking System

This paper explores the association between bank competition, regulatory capital, and bank risk taking in an Egyptian setting and to examine the interaction between bank competition and regulatory capital and their impact on bank risk taking in developing countries like Egypt and also investigate the effect of bank characteristics on the relationship between bank competition and bank risk taking through a sample of 27 Egyptian listed banks during the period 2012-2018 using OLS regression . Results indicated that there is a negative impact of bank competition on the bank risk taking and a positive effect of regulatory capital on bank risk taking in the Egyptian listed banks. Results show that increase regulatory play a vertical role in enhance association between competition and bank risk taking and also, there is a positive impact of bank characteristics like: bank size and divarication on bank risk taking in the Egyptian banks. Results refer to there is no effect of bank type, leverage and profitability to support the relationship between bank competition and risk taking

Accounting Conservatism, Information Asymmetry and Cash Holdings

This paper focuses on explore the association between accounting conservatism and cash holding through a mediating effect of information asymmetry (IA) for Egyptian firms listed in EGX 100 within the period between 2013 -2018 through 124 firms with 703 firm-observations. The results indicates that (1) conservatism doesn’t have an enormous effect on information asymmetry, (2) information asymmetry doesn’t have a serious effect on cash holding, (3) there’s not any mediation role of information asymmetry within the relationship between conservatism and cash, (4) conservatism effect a negatively on cash holding