Combined effects of flow speed and sub-lethal insecticide exposure on predator–prey interactions between the California killifish and an infaunal polychaete

Abstract Habitat complexity is recognized to mediate predator–prey relationships by offering refuge or not. We investigated the availability of planktonic microcrustaceans and the diet of a planktivorous fish (Hyphessobrycon eques) at different levels (low, intermediate and high) of aquatic macrophyte biomass. Sampling was carried out in a river with low flow speed, located in a Neotropical floodplain. We collected fish and microcrustaceans in macrophyte stands with variations in biomass. There were no differences in microcrustacean density in the water among the levels of macrophyte biomass, but microcrustacean richness and diet composition of H. eques differed. Microcrustacean richness and trophic niche breadth of the planktivorous fish were higher in high biomass stands. There was high consumption of a small cladoceran species in low macrophyte biomass, which was replaced by larger species, such as copepods, in intermediate and high biomass. Thus, the selection of some species was different among the biomass levels. These results suggest that plant biomass plays an important role in the interaction between fish and microcrustaceans, and prey characteristics such as size, escape ability and energy value make them more or less subject to predation by fish according to habitat structuring.

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A systematic study of autonomous and nonautonomous predator–prey models with combined effects of fear, migration and switching

Nonlinear Dynamics ◽

10.1007/s11071-021-06210-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pankaj Kumar Tiwari ◽

Kawkab Abdullah Nabhan Al Amri ◽

Sudip Samanta ◽

Qamar Jalil Ahmad Khan ◽

Joydev Chattopadhyay

Keyword(s):

Systematic Study ◽

Combined Effects ◽

Predator Prey ◽

Predator Prey Models

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Combined effects of predation, flow speed, and sub-lethal exposure to insecticide on the feeding behavior of a spionid polychaete

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.jembe.2020.151319 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 524 ◽

pp. 151319

Author(s):

Nicholas T. Hayman ◽

Brian T. Hentschel ◽

Katelyn Richardson ◽

Todd W. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Feeding Behavior ◽

Flow Speed ◽

Combined Effects

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Individual and combined effects of two types of phenological shifts on predator-prey interactions

Ecology ◽

10.1002/ecy.1578 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 97 (12) ◽

pp. 3414-3421 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Nick L. Rasmussen ◽

Volker H. W. Rudolf

Keyword(s):

Combined Effects ◽

Predator Prey ◽

Phenological Shifts

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Warming has a greater effect than elevated CO 2 on predator–prey interactions in coral reef fish

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2017.0784 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 284 (1857) ◽

pp. 20170784 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Bridie J. M. Allan ◽

Paolo Domenici ◽

Sue Ann Watson ◽

Philip L. Munday ◽

Mark I. McCormick

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Coral Reef ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Swimming Performance ◽

Reef Fishes ◽

Independent Effect ◽

Combined Effects ◽

Ecological Processes ◽

Predator Prey ◽

Short Term Exposure

Ocean acidification and warming, driven by anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, are considered to be among the greatest threats facing marine organisms. While each stressor in isolation has been studied extensively, there has been less focus on their combined effects, which could impact key ecological processes. We tested the independent and combined effects of short-term exposure to elevated CO 2 and temperature on the predator–prey interactions of a common pair of coral reef fishes ( Pomacentrus wardi and its predator, Pseudochromis fuscus ). We found that predator success increased following independent exposure to high temperature and elevated CO 2 . Overall, high temperature had an overwhelming effect on the escape behaviour of the prey compared with the combined exposure to elevated CO 2 and high temperature or the independent effect of elevated CO 2 . Exposure to high temperatures led to an increase in attack and predation rates. By contrast, we observed little influence of elevated CO 2 on the behaviour of the predator, suggesting that the attack behaviour of P. fuscus was robust to this environmental change. This is the first study to address how the kinematics and swimming performance at the basis of predator–prey interactions may change in response to concurrent exposure to elevated CO 2 and high temperatures and represents an important step to forecasting the responses of interacting species to climate change.

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Effect of elevated CO 2 and small boat noise on the kinematics of predator–prey interactions

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2017.2650 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 285 (1875) ◽

pp. 20172650 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mark I. McCormick ◽

Sue-Ann Watson ◽

Stephen D. Simpson ◽

Bridie J. M. Allan

Keyword(s):

Community Dynamics ◽

Reef Fishes ◽

Combined Effects ◽

Predator Prey ◽

Predator Attack ◽

Perception Of Threat ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Multiplicative Effect ◽

Key Drivers ◽

Successful Capture

Oceans of the future are predicted to be more acidic and noisier, particularly along the productive coastal fringe. This study examined the independent and combined effects of short-term exposure to elevated CO 2 and boat noise on the predator–prey interactions of a pair of common coral reef fishes ( Pomacentrus wardi and its predator, Pseudochromis fuscus ). Successful capture of prey by predators was the same regardless of whether the pairs had been exposed to ambient control conditions, the addition of either playback of boat noise, elevated CO 2 (925 µatm) or both stressors simultaneously. The kinematics of the interaction were the same for all stressor combinations and differed from the controls. The effects of CO 2 or boat noise were the same, suggesting that their effects were substitutive in this situation. Prey reduced their perception of threat under both stressors individually and when combined, and this coincided with reduced predator attack distances and attack speeds. The lack of an additive or multiplicative effect when both stressors co-occurred was notable given the different mechanisms involved in sensory disruptions and highlights the importance of determining the combined effects of key drivers to aid in predicting community dynamics under future environmental scenarios.

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THE EFFECTS OF HARVESTING AND TIME DELAY ON PREDATOR-PREY SYSTEMS WITH BEDDINGTON–DEANGELIS FUNCTIONAL RESPONSE

International Journal of Biomathematics ◽

10.1142/s1793524511001489 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 05 (01) ◽

pp. 1250008 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

XINYOU MENG ◽

HAIFENG HUO ◽

XIAOBING ZHANG

Keyword(s):

Hopf Bifurcation ◽

Time Delay ◽

Global Stability ◽

Functional Response ◽

Local Stability ◽

Positive Equilibrium ◽

Combined Effects ◽

Predator Prey ◽

Region Of Stability ◽

Two Parameter

The combined effects of harvesting and time delay on predator-prey systems with Beddington–DeAngelis functional response are studied. The region of stability in model with harvesting of the predator, local stability of equilibria and the existence of Hopf bifurcation are obtained by analyzing the associated characteristic equation due to the two-parameter geometric criteria developed by Ma, Feng and Lu [Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser B9 (2008) 397–413]. The global stability of the positive equilibrium is investigated by the comparison theorem. Furthermore, local stability of steady states and the existence of Hopf bifurcation for prey harvesting are also considered. Numerical simulations are given to illustrate our theoretical findings.

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Combined effects of insecticide exposure and predation risk on freshwater detritivores

Ecotoxicology ◽

10.1007/s10646-017-1887-z ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (7) ◽

pp. 794-802 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Andreia C. M. Rodrigues ◽

Maria D. Bordalo ◽

Oksana Golovko ◽

Olga Koba ◽

Carlos Barata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Predation Risk ◽

Combined Effects ◽

Insecticide Exposure

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Growth rates of interface-feeding polychaetes: combined effects of flow speed and suspended food concentration

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps293119 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 293 ◽

pp. 119-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

BT Hentschel ◽

AA Larson

Keyword(s):

Growth Rates ◽

Food Concentration ◽

Flow Speed ◽

Combined Effects

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Effects of Retinoic Acid and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 on IFN-gamma Secretion by Mononuclear Leukocytes from Nulliparous and Postparturient Dairy Cattle

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.70.3.92 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 92-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Burim Ametaj ◽

Brian Nonnecke ◽

Ronald Horst ◽

Donald Beitz

Keyword(s):

Retinoic Acid ◽

Dairy Cattle ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Dairy Cow ◽

Pokeweed Mitogen ◽

Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽

Combined Effects ◽

Ifn Gamma ◽

Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽

1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D

Individual and combined effects of several isomers of retinoic acid (RA) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) on interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion by blood mononuclear leukocytes (MNL) from nulliparous and postparturient Holstein cattle were evaluated in vitro. In the first experiment, effects on incubation period (24 to 72 hours) and time of supplementation (0 to 32 hours) with all-trans, 9-cis, 13-cis-, and 9,13-dicis-RAs (0 to 100 nM) on IFN-gamma secretion by pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-stimulated (0 and 10 mug/ml) MNL from nulliparous cattle were evaluated. In the second experiment, MNL from postparturient cows (bled at 0, 2, 4, and 16 days postpartum) were stimulated with PWM (0 and 10 mug/ml) in the presence of RA isomers (9-cis- or 9,13-dicis-RA; 0 to 100 nM), 1,25-(OH)2D3 (0 to 100 nM), or with combinations of these metabolites. The results show that individual isomers of RA had no effect on IFN-gamma secretion by PWM-stimulated MNL from nulliparous or postparturient cows. Furthermore 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibited IFN-gamma secretion by MNL from nulliparous and postparturient dairy cows; however, the degree of inhibition was greater when 9-cis- and 9,13-dicis-RA were also present in the cultures. Finally mononuclear leukocytes from postparturient dairy cows produced substantially less IFN-gamma than did MNL from nulliparous cattle. It is concluded that retinoic acids individually did not affect the capacity of leukocytes from dairy cattle to secrete IFN-gamma. This result is in marked contrast to studies in monogastric species indicating that RAs inhibit IFN-gamma secretion by peripheral blood T cells. Inhibition of IFN-gamma secretion by 1,25-(OH)2D3 was potentiated by 9-cis- and 9,13-di-cis-retinoics acids, suggesting that an excess of dietary vitamins A and D may compromise further the naturally immunosuppressed postparturient dairy cow. Additional research is necessary to determine if the combined effects of these metabolites on IFN-gamma secretion represent an increased susceptibility of the dairy cow to infectious diseases during the periparturient period. Lower secretion of IFN-gamma by MNL from postpartutient dairy cows, relative to nulliparous cattle, suggests that recently-calved cows are naturally immunosuppressed.

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