Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in plastic products, indoor dust, sediment and fish from informal e-waste recycling sites in Vietnam: a comprehensive assessment of contamination, accumulation pattern, emissions, and human exposure

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 935-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Quoc Anh ◽  
Vu Duc Nam ◽  
Tran Manh Tri ◽  
Nguyen Manh Ha ◽  
Nguyen Thuy Ngoc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Plastic Products

scholarly journals Occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in floor and elevated surface house dust from Shanghai, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 18049-18058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Niu ◽  
Yanling Qiu ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Yihui Zhou ◽  
Xinyu Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
House Dust ◽  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Floor Dust ◽  
Elevated Surface ◽  
Dust Ingestion

Abstract House dust is the main source of human exposure to flame retardants by ingestion. This study investigated the occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in indoor dust from 22 houses in Shanghai, China. House dust was separately collected from the floor and elevated furnishings surface (mostly between 0.5 and 2 m height) for comparison. The concentrations of ∑22 PBDEs ranged from 19.4 to 3280 ng/g (with a geometric mean of 203 ng/g) and from 55.1 to 792 ng/g (with a geometric mean of 166 ng/g) in floor dust (FD) and elevated surface dust (ESD), respectively. BDE-209 was the predominant congener, accounting for about 73.1% of total PBDE burdens. In terms of congener profiles, the comparison of FD and ESD revealed no significant differences except for the ratio of BDE-47/BDE-99. ESD samples displayed a ratio of BDE-47/BDE-99 very similar to commercial penta-BDE products DE-71 while the ratio in FD was exceptionally higher. Significant correlation was found between concentrations of commercial penta-BDE compositions in FD and ESD (p < 0.05). Except for some occasional values, PBDE levels in house dust exhibited temporal stability. Human exposure to PBDEs via dust ingestion was estimated. The highest daily intake of PBDEs was for toddlers by using 95th percentile concentrations of PBDEs via high dust ingestion in FD (23.07 ng/kg bw/day). About 20-fold difference in exposure estimates between toddlers and adults supports that toddlers are facing greater risk from indoor floor dust. Expectedly, this study highlighted the point that residents in Shanghai were exposed to low doses of PBDEs in house dust.

scholarly journals Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Heavy Metals in a Regulated E-Waste Recycling Site, Eastern China: Implications for Risk Management

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2169
Author(s):  
Hongmin Yin ◽  
Jiayi Ma ◽  
Zhidong Li ◽  
Yonghong Li ◽  
Tong Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Risk Assessment Model ◽  
Arsenic Pollution ◽  
Soils And Sediments ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers

Serious pollution of multiple chemicals in irregulated e-waste recycling sites (IR-sites) were extensively investigated. However, little is known about the pollution in regulated sites. This study investigated the occurrence of 21 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and 10 metals in a regulated site, in Eastern China. The concentrations of PBDEs and Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, and Zn in soils and sediments were 1–4 and 1–3 orders of magnitude lower than those reported in the IR-sites, respectively. However, these were generally comparable to those in the urban and industrial areas. In general, a moderate pollution of PBDEs and metals was present in the vegetables in this area. A health risk assessment model was used to calculate human exposure to metals in soils. The summed non-carcinogenic risks of metals and PBDEs in the investigated soils were 1.59–3.27 and 0.25–0.51 for children and adults, respectively. Arsenic contributed to 47% of the total risks and As risks in 71.4% of the total soil samples exceeded the acceptable level. These results suggested that the pollution from e-waste recycling could be substantially decreased by the regulated activities, relative to poorly controlled operations, but arsenic pollution from the regulated cycling should be further controlled.

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