Investigation of metal concentrations in roadside soils and plants in urban areas of Amritsar, Punjab, India, under different traffic densities

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeep Kaur ◽  
Sandip Singh Bhatti ◽  
Jatinder Kaur Katnoria ◽  
Avinash Kaur Nagpal
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Roadside Soils ◽  
Metal Concentrations

Heavy metal concentrations in roadside soils of Lithuania's highways

Geologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audronė Jankaitė ◽  
Pranas Baltrėnas ◽  
Agnė Kazlauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Roadside Soils ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations

scholarly journals Variations in time and space of trace metal aerosol concentrations in urban areas and their surroundings

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 14747-14776
Author(s):  
T. Moreno ◽  
X. Querol ◽  
A. Alastuey ◽  
C. Reche ◽  
M. Cusack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
The City

Abstract. Using an unprecedentedly large geochemical database, we compare temporal and spatial variations in inhalable trace metal background concentrations in a major city (Barcelona, Spain) and at a nearby mountainous site (Montseny) affected by the urban plume. Both sites are contaminated by technogenic metals, with V, Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, Sn, Bi, Sb and Cd all showing upper continental crust (UCC) normalised values >1 in broadly increasing order. The highest metal concentrations usually occur during winter at Barcelona and summer in Montseny. This seasonal difference was especially marked at the remote mountain site in several elements such as Ti and Rare Earth Elements, which recorded campaign maxima, exceeding PM10 concentrations seen in Barcelona. The most common metals were Zn, Ti, Cu, Mn, Pb and V. Both V and Ni show highest concentrations in summer, and preferentially fractionate into the finest PM sizes (PM1/PM10 > 0.5) especially in Barcelona, this being attributed to regionally dispersed contamination from fuel oil combustion point sources. Within the city, hourly metal concentrations are controlled either by traffic (rush hour double peak for Cu, Sb, Sn, Ba) or industrial plumes (morning peak of Ni, Mn, Cr generated outside the city overnight), whereas at Montseny metal concentrations rise during the morning to a single, prolonged afternoon peak as contaminated air transported by the sea breeze moves into the mountains. Our exceptional database, which includes hourly measurements of chemical concentrations, demonstrates in more detail than previous studies the spatial and temporal variability of urban pollution by trace metals in a given city. Technogenic metalliferous aerosols are commonly fine in size and therefore potentially bioavailable, emphasising the case for basing urban background PM characterisation not only on physical parameters such as mass but also on sample chemistry and with special emphasis on trace metal content.

scholarly journals Measuring Soil Metal Bioavailability in Roadside Soils of Different Ages

Environments ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Shamali De Silva ◽  
Trang Huynh ◽  
Andrew S. Ball ◽  
Demidu V. Indrapala ◽  
Suzie M. Reichman
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Roadside Soil ◽  
Metal Bioavailability ◽  
Roadside Soils ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Total Metal ◽  
Soil Metal

Finding a reliable method to predict soil metal bioavailability in aged soil continues to be one of the most important problems in contaminated soil chemistry. To investigate the bioavailability of metals aged in soils, we used roadside soils that had accumulated metals from vehicle emissions over a range of years. We collected topsoil (0–10 cm) samples representing new-, medium- and old-aged roadside soils and control site soil. These soils were studied to compare the ability of the diffusive gradients in thin films technique (DGT), soil water extraction, CaCl2 extraction, total metal concentrations and optimised linear models to predict metal bioavailability in wheat plants. The response time for the release of metals and the effect on metal bioavailability in field aged soils was also studied. The DGT, and extractable metals such as CaCl2 extractable and soil solution metals in soil, were not well correlated with metal concentrations in wheat shoots. In comparison, the strongest relationships with concentrations in wheat shoots were found for Ni and Zn total metal concentrations in soil (e.g., Ni r = 0.750, p = 0.005 and Zn r = 0.833, p = 0.001); the correlations were still low, suggesting that total metal concentrations were also not a robust measure of bioavailability. Optimised linear models incorporating soil physiochemical properties and metal extracts together with road age as measure of exposure time, demonstrated a very strong relationship for Mn R2 = 0.936; Ni R2 = 0.936 and Zn R2 = 0.931. While all the models developed were dependent on total soil metal concentrations, models developed for Mn and Zn clearly demonstrated the effect of road age on metal bioavailability. Therefore, the optimised linear models developed have the potential for robustly predicting bioavailable metal concentrations in field soils where the metals have aged in situ. The intrinsic rate of release of metals increased for Mn (R2 = 0.617, p = 0.002) and decreased for Cd (R2 = 0.456, p = 0.096), Cu (R2 = 0.560, p = 0.083) and Zn (R2 =0.578, p = 0.072). Nickel did not show any relationship between dissociation time (Tc) and road age. Roadside soil pH was likely to be the key parameter controlling metal aging in roadside soil.

scholarly journals The adaptive function of melanin-based plumage coloration to trace metals

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 20140164 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chatelain ◽  
J. Gasparini ◽  
L. Jacquin ◽  
A. Frantz
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Capture Time ◽  
Evolutionary Force ◽  
Selective Forces ◽  
One Year

Trace metals produced by anthropogenic activities are of major importance in urban areas and might constitute a new evolutionary force selecting for the ability to cope with their deleterious effects. Interestingly, melanin pigments are known to bind metal ions, thereby potentially sequestering them in inert body parts such as coat and feathers, and facilitating body detoxification. Thus, a more melanic plumage or coat coloration could bring a selective advantage for animals living in polluted areas. We tested this hypothesis by investigating the link between melanin-based coloration and zinc and lead concentrations in feathers of urban feral pigeons, both at capture time and after one year of captivity in standardized conditions. Results show that differently coloured pigeons had similar metal concentrations at capture time. Metal concentrations strongly decreased after one year in standardized conditions, and more melanic pigeons had higher concentrations of zinc (but not lead) in their feathers. This suggests that more melanic pigeons have a higher ability to store some metals in their feathers compared with their paler counterparts, which could explain their higher success in urbanized areas. Overall, this work suggests that trace metal pollution may exert new selective forces favouring more melanic phenotypes in polluted environments.

scholarly journals Variations in time and space of trace metal aerosol concentrations in urban areas and their surroundings

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 9415-9430 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Moreno ◽  
X. Querol ◽  
A. Alastuey ◽  
C. Reche ◽  
M. Cusack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
The City

Abstract. Using an unprecedentedly large geochemical database, we compare temporal and spatial variations in inhalable trace metal background concentrations in a major city (Barcelona, Spain) and at a nearby mountainous site (Montseny) affected by the urban plume. Both sites are contaminated by technogenic metals, with V, Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, Sn, Bi, Sb and Cd all showing upper continental crust (UCC) normalised values >1 in broadly increasing order. The highest metal concentrations usually occur during winter at Barcelona and summer in Montseny. This seasonal difference was especially marked at the remote mountain site in several elements such as Ti and Rare Earth Elements, which recorded campaign maxima, exceeding PM10 concentrations seen in Barcelona. The most common metals were Zn, Ti, Cu, Mn, Pb and V. Both V and Ni show highest concentrations in summer, and preferentially fractionate into the finest PM sizes (PM1/PM10 > 0.5) especially in Barcelona, this being attributed to regionally dispersed contamination from fuel oil combustion point sources. Within the city, hourly metal concentrations are controlled either by traffic (rush hour double peak for Cu, Sb, Sn, Ba) or industrial plumes (morning peak of Ni, Mn, Cr generated outside the city overnight), whereas at Montseny metal concentrations rise during the morning to a single, prolonged afternoon peak as contaminated air transported by the sea breeze moves into the mountains. Our exceptional database, which includes hourly measurements of chemical concentrations, demonstrates in more detail than previous studies the spatial and temporal variability of urban pollution by trace metals in a given city. Technogenic metalliferous aerosols are commonly fine in size and therefore potentially bioavailable, emphasising the case for basing urban background PM characterisation not only on physical parameters such as mass but also on sample chemistry and with special emphasis on trace metal content.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN GROUND WATER IN CRITICAL AREAS OF VISAKHAPATNAM CITY, AP, INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 239-245
Author(s):  
M. Sudhakar Reddy ◽  
T. Byragi Reddy ◽  
CH. Venkataramana
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Icp Ms

Presence of heavy metal concentration in the ground water may cause health problems during intake of through different ways. Present study focused on heavy metal concentration of ground water in the sub-urban areas of Visakhapatnam City, AP, India. Most of heavy metals i.e., Aluminum (Al), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Zinc (Zn), Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg) and Lead (Pb) were analyzed using Inductive Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Mean values of Zn (1.845) > Mn (1.203) > Fe (0.664) > Al (0.334) > Pb (0.245) > Ni (0.082) > Cr (0.066) > As (0.028) > Cd (0.012) > Hg (0.010) results respectively. Results shows that all heavy metal concentrations were exceeded the water quality permissible limit and this area were not suitable for domestic purpose and use before proper treatment.

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