Spain’s Persistent Negative Educational Gradient in Fertility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Requena
Keyword(s):  
Educational Gradient

scholarly journals Job complexity and hazardous working conditions: How do they explain educational gradient in mortality?

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Fujishiro ◽  
Leslie A. MacDonald ◽  
Virginia J. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Job Complexity ◽  
Educational Gradient

scholarly journals Educational Disparities in Adult Health: U.S. States as Institutional Actors on the Association

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 237802311983534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Karas Montez ◽  
Mark D. Hayward ◽  
Anna Zajacova
Keyword(s):  
Data Sets ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Educational Disparities ◽  
Excise Taxes ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Institutional Actors ◽  
Educational Gradient ◽  
Over Time

Despite numerous studies on educational disparities in U.S. adult health, explanations for the disparities and their growth over time remain incomplete. The authors argue that this knowledge gap partly reflects an individualist paradigm in U.S. studies of educational disparities in health. These studies have focused largely on proximal explanations (e.g., individual behaviors) to the neglect of contextual explanations (e.g., economic policies). The authors draw on contextual theories of health disparities to illustrate how U.S. states, as institutional actors, shape the importance of education for health. Using two nationally representative data sets and seven health measures for adults aged 45 to 89 years, the authors show that the size of the educational gradient in health varies markedly across states. The size varies because of variation in the health of lower educated adults. The authors use state excise taxes on cigarettes to illustrate one way states shape educational disparities in health. These findings underscore the necessity of contextualizing these disparities.

Revisiting the Educational Gradient in Marriage in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 1378-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setsuya Fukuda ◽  
James M. Raymo ◽  
Shohei Yoda
Keyword(s):  
Educational Gradient

scholarly journals The educational gradient of obesity increases among Swedish pregnant women: a register-based study

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Bjermo ◽  
Simon Lind ◽  
Finn Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Educational Gradient

scholarly journals The Changing Educational Gradient in Marriage: Evidence from Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-91
Author(s):  
Siow Li Lai
Keyword(s):  
Family Policy ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Marriage Rate ◽  
Age At Marriage ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Educational Gradient

The rising age at marriage and non-marriage has been occurring concurrently with the rising educational level in many developing countries. This paper examines the changing relationship between educational attainment and the marriage rate (per cent ever married) and timing (age at marriage) in Malaysia over the past four decades, using multiple waves of Labour Force Survey data. Bivariate analyses show significant educational differentials in the proportion ever married and mean age at marriage for males and females, across ethnic groups and urban-rural locations. The educational effect on the rate and timing of marriage varied over time. Results from binary logistic regression show that controlling for ethnicity, urban-rural location, and age, the negative educational effect on the rate of marriage has turned positive in recent years. The change in the direction of the relationship between education and marriage rate was more pronounced for males than for females. The reduction in the educational gradient and a shift from negative to positive effect means that the conventional hypothesis of the education-marriage nexus needs to be re-assessed. The effects of rising education on the rate and timing of marriage should be considered in the implementation of the National Family Policy.

scholarly journals Do Occupational Demands Explain the Educational Gradient in Health?

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie-Charlotte Meyer ◽  
Annemarie Nelen
Keyword(s):  
Educational Gradient

Educational Differences in Risk of All-Cause Mortality After Acute Cardiovascular Events: Examining Cohort and Gender Variations

2020 ◽  
pp. 016402752096675
Author(s):  
Wen Fan ◽  
Jack Lam
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
College Education ◽  
Event History ◽  
Educational Differences ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Variations ◽  
Educational Gradient ◽  
Retirement Study

Acute cardiovascular events are prevalent in older adults. In this study, following a sample of respondents from the 1996–2016 Health and Retirement Study after diagnosis of myocardial infarction or stroke, we used discrete-time event history models to study mortality post diagnosis. We found an educational gradient in mortality following myocardial infarction or stroke with the better educated surviving longer, even as the gradient was weaker for stroke. Cohort variations existed with the educational gradients stronger for more recent cohorts (Silent and Boomer) as compared with the GI cohort. Gender interacted with cohort to shape mortality such that men from the Silent and Boomer cohorts benefited the most from high school and some college education. Mediation analysis showed that the educational differences in mortality are accounted for by spousal educational attainment, wealth, Medicaid coverage, change in health behaviors, and comorbidities.

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