Power in water governance: the case of Prescott Active Management Area, Arizona

GeoJournal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah O. Ayodele-Olajire
Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3110
Author(s):  
Jacqui Robertson

Anticipated water-related impacts of climate change heighten the need for tools supporting proactive efforts to address current and future conflicts involving water. Analysing a regulatory framework for a water resource using Ostrom’s (1990) Common Pool Resource (CPR) theory can assist in identifying regulatory weaknesses that may contribute to deterioration of the resource and conflicts between resource users. Equally, adopting adaptive management to transform the regulatory context can also have positive effects. However, if incentives drive resource extractor behaviours, a tool to communicate these initiatives with stakeholders, including state actors, could assist. This article presents the ‘CPR heat map’ to assist with efforts to drive changes in water governance. An example of the CPR heatmap is presented involving the governance of groundwater in the Surat Cumulative Management Area, Queensland, Australia. This example shows how perceived weaknesses and strengths of the governance framework can be illustrated. It also shows how initiatives that are transforming water governance can be presented to drive social learning. The CPR heat map illustrates the collective nature of the resource system and how to potentially resolve and manage water-related conflict. This research has implications for how we approach conflict involving water and may be also relevant for managing other CPRs.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Robert L. Oxley ◽  
Larry W. Mays

A new methodology for determining a sustainability index (SI) for the management of river basins is developed. Sustainability is defined in terms of minimizing the long-term risks to supply and maintaining the ecological, environmental and hydrological integrity of a river resource. The SI procedure developed uses two groups of performance criteria. The first group is based on demand-supply deficits and measures the risk to water supplies. The second group is only applied to river demands and compares a river’s allocation to a target flow regime using the Range of Variability Approach (RVA) and the Modified Hydrological Alteration factor. The RVA measures differences in flow regimes and is used to compare a projected flow regime to a targeted flow regime. This is the first attempt to use the RVA to develop a sustainability index for river basin management. A combined sustainability metric for the system (SS) is also determined. The methodology is applied to an area including the Prescott Active Management Area (AMA) in north-central Arizona. Sustainability for the entire system is determined using the weighted sum of the sustainability indices. The methodology has been used to measure and compare the sustainability of two allocation scenarios for the Prescott AMA.


Author(s):  
Mostafa D. Fard ◽  
Hessam S. Sarjoughian ◽  
Imran Mahmood ◽  
Adil Mounir ◽  
Xin Guan ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Eduardo Emiliano Muñoz O. ◽  
Luis Gerardo Meza C.

En este artículo se exponen los resultados de un estudio de la actitud hacia la utilidad dela matemática en estudiantes de las carreras del área de administración de una universidad privada costarricense, cuyo nombre se mantiene en reserva por acuerdo de confidencialidad. La investigación fue realizada en el tercer cuatrimestre de 2016, con una muestra de 847 estudiantes tomada de una población activa de 1806 estudiantes y desarrollada como tesis de graduación del programa de licenciatura en la "Enseñaza de la matemática con entornos tecnológicos" que imparte la Escuela de Matemática del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. El objetivo general del estudio fue conocer el nivel de actitud hacia la utilidad de la matemática que tienen los estudiantes de las carreras del área de administración, analizando la existencia de diferencias según el sexo, la edad y el estatus laboral de las y los estudiantes. Como instrumento de medición se utilizó la "Escala de actitud hacia la utilidad de la matemática" de Fennema-Sherman (1976). Los resultados indican que aproximadamente el 94,7% de los estudiantes manifiesta niveles de actitud hacia la utilidad de la matemática entre medio, alto y muy alto; y aproximadamente el 64,5% en niveles entre alto y muy alto; por lo que se desprende la  existencia de una muy buena actitud hacia la utilidad de la matemática. También se encontró evidencia estadística de la existencia de diferencias en la variable "Actitud hacia la utilidad de la matemática" según el sexo de las y los estudiantes participantes en el estudio, siendo los hombres quienes muestran, en promedio, niveles mayores. Con respecto a la relación entre la actitud hacia la utilidad de la matemática y la edad, se definieron cinco rangos de edad que corresponden a: 20 años o menos, de 21 a 25 años, de 26 a 30 años, de 31 a 35 años, y 36 años o más; y se encontraron diferencias significativas en al menos dos de esos rangos de edad. Finalmente, en el estudio se evidencian diferencias en la actitud hacia la utilidad de la matemática entre los estudiantes que laboran de manera remunerada y los que no, siendo los estudiantes del primer grupo los que muestran niveles mayores de actitud hacia la utilidad de la matemática. Abstract This article presents the results of a study about the attitude towards the usefulness of mathematics in students of the careers of the Management area from a private Costa Rican university; whose name remains unrevealed because of a confidentiality agreement. The investigation was conducted in the third quarter of 2016, and was applied to a sample of 847 individuals from a population of 1806 active management students at the time. This study is a product of graduation thesis for the Mathematics Teaching on Technological Environments Program for the Mathematics School of Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. The study objective was to know the level of attitude toward the usefulness of mathematics that students of the administration area from a private Costa Rican university have, as well as the respective relation to the individual’s sex, age and work status. The measurement instrument  "Scale of Attitude towards the Usefulness of Mathematics" by Fennema-Sherman (1976) was used for the study. According to the data obtained, approximately 94.7% of the students showed levels of  "attitude toward the usefulness of mathematic" between medium, high and very high. And from this group, approximately 64.5% indicated levels between high and very high. It can therefore be concluded that, within the sampled students, there is a very good attitude towards the usefulness of mathematics. Statistical evidence was also found of the existence of differences in the variable "attitude towards the usefulness of mathematics" according to the sex of the students participating in the study. On average, men showed higher levels of  "attitude towards the usefulness of mathematics" than women. Regarding the relationship between the attitude towards the usefulness of mathematics and age, five age ranges were defined. These corresponded to: 20 years or less, 21 to 25 years, 26 to 30 years, 31 to 35 years , and 36 years or older. Significant differences were found between at least two of those age ranges. Finally, the study shows evidence of differences in the "attitude towards the usefulness of mathematics between  students with paid employment and those without it. The group corresponding to the students whose jobs are remunerated show higher levels of "attitude toward the usefulness of mathematics than those who do not".


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aoife Garrahy ◽  
Anne Marie Hannon ◽  
Martin Cuesta ◽  
Bryan Murphy ◽  
William Tormey ◽  
...  

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