scholarly journals Maternal Mid-Gestation Cytokine Dysregulation in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Casey ◽  
M. Carter ◽  
A. M. Looney ◽  
V. Livingstone ◽  
G. Moloney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Repetitive Behaviours ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Cytokine Dysregulation

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterised by deficits in social interactions and communication, with stereotypical and repetitive behaviours. Recent evidence suggests that maternal immune dysregulation may predispose offspring to ASD. Independent samples t-tests revealed downregulation of IL-17A concentrations in cases, when compared to controls, at both 15 weeks (p = 0.02), and 20 weeks (p = 0.02), which persisted at 20 weeks following adjustment for confounding variables. This adds to the growing body of evidence that maternal immune regulation may play a role in foetal neurodevelopment.

Effect of a Two-Caregiver-Mediated, Occupation-Centered Intervention for a Family With a Toddler With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 7512515297p1-7512515297p1
Author(s):  
Abigail M. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Young Children With Autism ◽  
Coaching Approach ◽  
Primary Author

Abstract Date Presented 04/13/21 Because of the key role parenting plays in a child's development, parent-mediated interventions that train one parent are a common approach to intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, this approach has resulted in mixed findings and may lead to increased parental stress. The purpose of this study was to examine whether a two-parent occupation-centered intervention using a coaching approach improved the quality of social interactions of a family with a toddler with ASD. Primary Author and Speaker: Abigail M. Carroll Contributing Authors: Emily Anderson, Lindsey Hatton, Mary Ferarro, Elyse C. Kelly, Katherine E. Schlager, Amanda Shea, and Kerianne Watlington

scholarly journals Enhancement of psychomotor skills in children with autism spectrum disorder by employing a mechatronic training kit

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramya S. Moorthy ◽  
Kritika Iyer ◽  
R. Hari Krishnan ◽  
S. Pugazhenthi
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Psychomotor Skills ◽  
The Social ◽  
Skill Deficits ◽  
Hand Coordination

AbstractPrevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in children has been increasing over the years. These children, when compared to typically growing children, face challenges in leading a day-to-day life. Other than the social interactions, communication and cognitive skills, psychomotor skill deficits are also found in them. This paper focuses on enhancement of psychomotor skills in children with ASD by employing a mechatronic training kit. Training using this kit aims at developing skills like ‘palmar grasp’, ‘wrist rotation’ and ‘eye-hand coordination’. Trials were conducted with six children with autism aged between four and nine years. Significant improvements were seen in these children both in skills and in behaviour after the training. Thus, teaching psychomotor skills to children with autism using the newly developed mechatronic door training kit is found to be working and the results are encouraging.

THE USE OF AUGMENTED AND VIRTUAL REALITY IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A BIBLIOGRAPHIC RESEARCH

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
THAYS GRUBER ◽  
Fabio Evangelista Santana ◽  
Marcio Fontana Catapan
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Repetitive Behavior ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects children s neurodevelopment, impairing the ability for social interaction, communication and generating repetitive behavior. The treatment is performed according to specific methods, to practice social interactions, emotions and basic activities of daily living. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) are collaborating as a complement to existing methods practiced by psychologists/therapists. Thus, this research seeks, through literature review, to find out what are the gaps in this theme and to know the applications of AR and VR concerning the treatment of children with ASD at national and international levels. The method chosen was the systematic literature review (SLR) and the narrative literature review. The database used was Scopus, where 39 articles were obtained, revealing a gap due to the low number of results, and finally, after using the filters, 19 articles were analyzed. The result shows great potential for using the technologies mentioned in support of the allowed therapeutic methods, allowing the treatment to evolve more efficiently.

Association between severity and repetitive behaviours among children with autism spectrum disorder and anxiety and depression among their primary caregivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
J. , , , Anu Rita ◽  
P. P. Kannan ◽  
Vijaya Raghavan ◽  
Shanthi Nambi
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Repetitive Behaviours ◽  
Repetitive Behaviour ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most common pervasive developmental disorder and present with varied severity and clinical presentation. The diagnosis of ASD in the children has a huge psychological impact among their primary caregivers, leading to distress and mental health issues. The aim of our study was to assess the association between the severity and repetitive behaviours in children with autism spectrum disorder and anxiety and depression levels among their primary caregivers. Materials and methods: Children with autism spectrum disorder and their primary caregivers were recruited from the child psychiatry unit of large tertiary children hospital in south India, after informed consent. Severity of ASD was assessed by Childhood Autism Rating Scale – 1 (CARS-1) and repetitive behaviour by Repetitive behaviour scale - Revised (RBS-R). Among the caregivers, anxiety levels were assessed by Hamilton rating scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) and depression levels were assessed by Hamilton rating scale for Depression (HAM-D). Results: We recruited 100 children with ASD and their mothers (primary caregivers) in the study. The prevalence of anxiety and depression among mothers of children with ASD was 44% and 30%. Statistically significant correlation was observed between CARS scores and HAM-A (p=0.002) and HAM-D (p less than 0.001) scores. Among the repetitive behaviours, self-injurious behaviour was found to be significantly associated with anxiety (p less than 0.001) and depression (p less than 0.001) scores, while stereotyped (P =0.002) and compulsive (p=0.004) behaviours were associated with depression scores. Conclusion: There is a significant association between severity of autism spectrum disorder and anxiety and depression among their mothers.

scholarly journals Using emotion recognition technologies to teach children with autism spectrum disorder how to identify and express emotions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Maria Garcia-Garcia ◽  
Victor M. R. Penichet ◽  
Maria D. Lozano ◽  
Anil Fernando
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Tangible User Interfaces ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Natural Way

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD), which since 2013 is considered as an umbrella term for several disorders such as autistic syndrome, Asperger’s disorder and pervasive developmental disorder, is characterized, among other aspects, by deficits in social-emotion reciprocity. This deficit manifests itself as a reduced sharing of emotions and an increased difficulty in interpreting emotions other people are feeling, which in the end leads to more impairments in social communication. Since it is possible to help a person with ASD (especially children) to improve their ability to understand and detect emotions, we have developed a proposal which integrates emotion recognition technologies, often used in the field of HCI, to try to overcome this difficulty. In this paper, we present a novel software application developed as a serious game to teach children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to identify and express emotions. The system incorporates cutting-edge technology to support novel interaction mechanisms based on tangible user interfaces (TUIs) and emotion recognition from facial expressions. In this way, children interact with the system in a natural way by simply grasping objects with their hands and using their faces. The system has been assessed on the premises of an association with children with ASD. The outcomes of the evaluation are very positive and support the validity of the proposal.

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