scholarly journals Short report: relationship between restricted and repetitive behaviours in children with autism spectrum disorder and their parents

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Uljarević ◽  
David W. Evans ◽  
Gail A. Alvares ◽  
Andrew J. O. Whitehouse
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Repetitive Behaviours ◽  
Restricted And Repetitive Behaviours

Association between severity and repetitive behaviours among children with autism spectrum disorder and anxiety and depression among their primary caregivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
J. , , , Anu Rita ◽  
P. P. Kannan ◽  
Vijaya Raghavan ◽  
Shanthi Nambi
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Repetitive Behaviours ◽  
Repetitive Behaviour ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most common pervasive developmental disorder and present with varied severity and clinical presentation. The diagnosis of ASD in the children has a huge psychological impact among their primary caregivers, leading to distress and mental health issues. The aim of our study was to assess the association between the severity and repetitive behaviours in children with autism spectrum disorder and anxiety and depression levels among their primary caregivers. Materials and methods: Children with autism spectrum disorder and their primary caregivers were recruited from the child psychiatry unit of large tertiary children hospital in south India, after informed consent. Severity of ASD was assessed by Childhood Autism Rating Scale – 1 (CARS-1) and repetitive behaviour by Repetitive behaviour scale - Revised (RBS-R). Among the caregivers, anxiety levels were assessed by Hamilton rating scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) and depression levels were assessed by Hamilton rating scale for Depression (HAM-D). Results: We recruited 100 children with ASD and their mothers (primary caregivers) in the study. The prevalence of anxiety and depression among mothers of children with ASD was 44% and 30%. Statistically significant correlation was observed between CARS scores and HAM-A (p=0.002) and HAM-D (p less than 0.001) scores. Among the repetitive behaviours, self-injurious behaviour was found to be significantly associated with anxiety (p less than 0.001) and depression (p less than 0.001) scores, while stereotyped (P =0.002) and compulsive (p=0.004) behaviours were associated with depression scores. Conclusion: There is a significant association between severity of autism spectrum disorder and anxiety and depression among their mothers.

scholarly journals Maternal Mid-Gestation Cytokine Dysregulation in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Casey ◽  
M. Carter ◽  
A. M. Looney ◽  
V. Livingstone ◽  
G. Moloney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Repetitive Behaviours ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Cytokine Dysregulation

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterised by deficits in social interactions and communication, with stereotypical and repetitive behaviours. Recent evidence suggests that maternal immune dysregulation may predispose offspring to ASD. Independent samples t-tests revealed downregulation of IL-17A concentrations in cases, when compared to controls, at both 15 weeks (p = 0.02), and 20 weeks (p = 0.02), which persisted at 20 weeks following adjustment for confounding variables. This adds to the growing body of evidence that maternal immune regulation may play a role in foetal neurodevelopment.

Short report: Evaluating the safety and usability of head-mounted virtual reality compared to monitor-displayed video for children with autism spectrum disorder

Autism ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1924-1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahan Malihi ◽  
Jenny Nguyen ◽  
Robyn E Cardy ◽  
Salina Eldon ◽  
Catharine Petta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
The Impact

Virtual reality provides a relatively inexpensive way to learn and repeatedly practice skills in personalized, controlled, and safe computer-generated settings. These systems are increasingly receiving attention as an innovative medium for delivering interventions to children with autism spectrum disorder. Although many virtual reality systems are commercially available and their use is increasing, little is known about the safety and usability of these systems for children with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of this study was a first step in addressing this gap. A convenience sample of 35 children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder participated in an immersive head-mounted display virtual reality experience and a control condition (monitor-displayed video). Levels of anxiety and negative effects experienced were not significantly different between the two conditions. Participants reported significantly enhanced spatial presence (p = 0.003; d = 0.3) and naturalness (p = 0.002; d = 0.47) for the head-mounted display–virtual reality condition, and 74% of participants preferred using head-mounted display–virtual reality over monitor-displayed video. These findings provide preliminary evidence to support the safety and usability of head-mounted display–virtual reality for children with autism spectrum disorder. Future studies are needed to replicate the results in a larger sample, a range of virtual reality experiences, and in the context of long-term exposure. Lay abstract This study investigated the safety and usability of a virtual reality experience for children with autism spectrum disorder in a laboratory setting. In our study, the negative effects of head-mounted display–virtual reality were similar to monitor-displayed video watching. At the same time, the participants indicated that the head-mounted display–virtual reality experience provided improved realism and sense of presence. This study is a first step in understanding the impact of head-mounted display on children with autism spectrum disorder.

Short report: Development and utility of the Family-Centered Autism Navigation interview

Autism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 136236132097289
Author(s):  
Kris Pizur-Barnekow ◽  
Amy C Lang ◽  
Brian Barger
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Systems Of Care ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Short Report ◽  
The Family ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Family Centered

Navigating various systems, resources, and supports available for families of children with autism spectrum disorder is challenging. Family navigation is a potentially important support system for families of children with autism spectrum disorder. Family navigators are professionals who engage with families to enhance access to early identification and intervention services via shared navigation plans that help meet the family’s priorities and goals when navigating systems of support. Systematic processes and tools facilitating the development of a shared navigation plan with families following diagnosis are currently limited. This short report describes product development of the Family-Centered Autism Navigation using quality improvement methods including Lean Launch and qualitative methodology. Lay abstract When a parent learns of their child’s autism diagnosis, they may be overwhelmed, confused, and frustrated. Family navigation services are designed to improve access to care. While these services are a promising intervention to enhance well-being and developmental outcomes, there are limited tools that can systematically facilitate the development of a shared navigation plan that prioritizes the concerns of the family. The Family-Centered Autism Navigation semi-structured interview guide is designed for family navigators to triage and prioritize caregiver’s needs to coordinate and navigate systems of care after learning of their child’s autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. The goals of the Family-Centered Autism Navigation interview are to (1) identify family and child strengths; (2) identify family/caregiver concerns regarding navigation of services and systems following their child’s diagnosis of autism; (3) measure change in caregiver knowledge, ability and skill as it relates to understanding, remembering, and evaluating information they receive; and (4) assist with the development of a shared navigation plan. When using the Family-Centered Autism Navigation guide, family navigators and caregivers co-create a family-centered, prioritized action plan that supports and prepares caregivers as they navigate systems of care. This short report describes the development process of the Family-Centered Autism Navigation semi-structured interview guide. We utilized brief interviews ( n = 42), expert feedback ( n = 13), and quality improvement strategies ( n = 2 family navigators) to develop the questions and determine the usability of the Family-Centered Autism Navigation interview in practice.

scholarly journals Short report on research trends during the COVID-19 pandemic and use of telehealth interventions and remote brain research in children with autism spectrum disorder

Autism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136236132110047
Author(s):  
Wan-Chun Su ◽  
Sudha Srinivasan ◽  
Corina Cleffi ◽  
Anjana Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Neuroimaging Data

Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the delivery of face-to-face (F2F) therapeutic interventions and neuroimaging assessments for children with autism spectrum disorder has been disrupted. To resume interventions and assessments, many services are now using telehealth-based online platforms. Using the Zoom conferencing platform, our research group has been providing creative play-based interventions to school-age children with autism spectrum disorder. The feedback on this telehealth intervention experience has been generally positive (mean satisfaction score: 4.4 on a 5-point Likert-type scoring range) and our preliminary data from six children with autism spectrum disorder suggest training-related improvements in gross motor, balance, and imitation skills. Despite the positive results, it remains to be explored if the effects of telehealth interventions are similar to those of F2F interventions. Neuroimaging techniques could provide objective measures of intervention effects. However, this will require researchers to resume neuroimaging research while adopting safe public health protocols to control the risk of COVID-19 transmission. In this short report, we summarize existing safety protocols for F2F neuroimaging research, our own experiences of safely conducting alternative, on-site and off-site neuroimaging data collection, as well as the potential opportunities of using online data sharing and low-cost, remote neuroimaging/electrophysiological techniques to continue brain research during the pandemic. Lay abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruption in F2F healthcare delivery and neuroimaging research, especially when involving vulnerable populations such as children with autism spectrum disorder. Given the easy access to multiple video conferencing platforms, many healthcare services have moved to an online delivery format (i.e. telehealth). It is important to monitor the behavioral and neural effects of telehealth interventions and resume neuroimaging research while adopting public health safety protocols to control the risk of COVID-19 transmission. We summarize existing safety protocols and our own experience from in-person functional near-infrared spectroscopy neuroimaging data collection (on-site, at home, and in outdoor settings), as well as potential opportunities of using online data sharing and low-cost, remote neuroimaging/electrophysiological techniques to continue brain research during the pandemic.

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